优化问题

With Gongboxia Hydropower Station on the Yellow River taken as an example,some related problems were discussed,including the key points on the shape optimization of horizontal and vertical rotary internal energy dissipator,t.

以黄河公伯峡水电站为例，论述了竖井旋流式与水平旋流式内消能工在体型优化中的重点与方向问题；泄流能力的协调与匹配问题；通气孔的设计、消能率的构成、空化空蚀、衬砌标准与范围、下游水深的影响等问题。

A study of the problem's model was made. To this problem, the models of single data transmission task and satellite data transmission task were constructed firstly. Based on these models, the model of this problem was constructed, and the object function and main constraints were analyzed especially. For solving the problem, a heuristic scheduling algorithm named double complex priority algorithm was presented and validated by an example lastly.

首先建立了单数传任务模型及卫星数传任务模型；然后在此基础上建立了问题的约束满足优化模型，重点分析了问题的目标函数及主要约束条件；为了解决该问题，最后提出了一个基于双综合优先度的启发式调度算法，并通过实例验证了算法的有效性。

The main problems researched in the dissertation and achievements are as follows: The dissertation explains the science background and the theoretical and actual meaning of the task. The progress and the problems of the flow imaging technique are briefly explained. The advantages of electrical capacitance tomography are discussed. The paper discusses the formation and operating principle of ECT, and builds up the definite mathematical model by detail theoretical analyse, and establishes the Finite Element Model of the system by changing the finite boundary value problem of ECT into equivalence variation problem according to variation principle. On the basis of the FEM of the system, the paper builds the finite element model of the capacitance sensitivity field distribution and programs its finite element simulation software and proves the validity of the FEM of the ECT from different aspects. With the FEM and the qualitative analyse of the effect of each structural parameter of the capacitance transducer on its capability, this paper optimizes the structural parameters of the capacitance transducer, and obviously improves its capability. The compare of the simulated result with the static experimental result shows that the error of them is less than 0.9%.

其主要研究内容包括：阐述课题研究的学术背景及其理论与实际意义，概括总结出流动层析成像技术的发展现状和存在的问题，指出电容层析成像技术的优点；讨论电容层析成像系统的组成及工作原理，进行详尽的理论分析，以变分原理为基础，将ECT的有限元边值问题转换为等价的变分问题，从而建立系统的有限元模型；在系统有限元模型的基础上，建立敏感场的数学模型，编制有限元的仿真软件，并从不同角度证明电容层析成像系统有限元模型的正确性；利用有限元模型，定性地分析电容传感器各结构参数对其性能的影响，并对传感器结构参数进行优化设计，使其性能得到明显的改善。8电极ECT系统的仿真和静态实验结果的比较表明，它们之间的相对误差小于0。

First, attribute value matrices are transformed into fuzzy relationship matrices according to the theory of fuzzy mathematics,and then by combining the fuzzy relationship matrix with hungarian method an assignment problem with multiobject is proposed in this paper.

运用模糊数学的思想，首先将各目标下的属性值矩阵转化为模糊关系矩阵，再将模糊关系合成矩阵与解决传统指派问题的匈牙利法相结合，提出一种求解多目标指派问题的综合方法：模糊匈牙利法，并结合优化潜艇兵力配置问题进行了应用分析。

While the cooperative co-evolution is executed in a sub-domain, a matrix of environmental impact is introduced to map other sub-domains' influence information to the fitness evaluation function in this sub-domain, to achieve the global optimization of population evolution.

在子问题域进行合作协进化时，在适应度函数中引入环境因子影响矩阵，将其他子问题域的影响信息映射到该子问题域中的个体适应度评估中，从而引导种群向全局优化方向进化。

The other classfies the calculation of MBPS into the solution of inequation based on heuristic knowledge of MBPS of optimal directional coordination setting in complex multiloop network and comes into equivalence of 0-1 integral second layout problem. On the basis of the principle of Gene Optimal Evolution, a new approach to determine MBPS is first presented and decreases the computational complexity of MBPS problem.

其二，利用复杂环网方向保护最优整定配合中最小断点集的启发知识，将MBPS的计算归结为解不等式，进而等价为0—1整数二次规划问题，基于基因遗传优化计算原理，首次提出了MBPS问题的基因遗传算法，降低了问题的计算复杂性。

A synthetic model of multi-level production planning and control integration is brought forward, which integrated Master Production Schedule , Material Requirements Planning , Shop Floor Control , order acceptance control, order release control and process control into a whole. Besides, a new method of production management—— Theory of Constraints is introduced into the traditional MRP, and a method to integrate TOC with MRP is put forward. As a result, a system of production planning management for ceramics enterprise is developed. Then several problems of shop planning and control for ceramics enterprise including the modeling of production line, the optimized utilization of kiln, the complement and due-date of products are discussed. A mathematical programming model of equalization production for ceramics production line is set up. An optimized model is put forward, which uses genetic algorithm to solve the sequencing problem of ceramics before the kiln.

以生产计划与控制的集成为目标，提出将一个企业中的主生产计划、物料需求计划、车间作业计划与接受订单控制、投料控制与生产控制集成的多级生产计划与控制的总体模型，将一种新的生产管理方法——约束理论引入传统的MRP中，提出了实现TOC和MRP集成的具体方法；针对陶瓷企业的特点，为重庆兆瓷研制了一套陶瓷企业生产计划管理系统；并对陶瓷企业车间计划与控制中的一些具体问题进行了研究，建立了陶瓷生产线均衡生产的数学规划模型，就窑炉的优化利用、产品配套和交货期问题、陶瓷生产线的能力平衡等问题进行了研究。

By constructing a job-schedule network that can present job-time relationship,the FJSP is transformed to a network flow problem,and a 0-1 integer programming mathematical model is developed.

针对一般形式的固定工件排序问题(即可用机器数是有限的，存在机器与工件间匹配约束，以机器分配成本最小为优化目标)，作者通过建立描述工件间时序关系的工件时序网络，将固定工件的排序问题转化为沿工件时序网络的网络流问题，并建立了0-1整数规划数学模型。

As an effective method of numerical computation, FEM is widely applied in numerical simulation of metal deformation process.

有限元法作为一种有效的数值计算方法已经被广泛应用于金属成形过程的数值模拟方面，但是有限元分析软件在使用过程中也存在许多问题，例如数值模拟解的精度问题，直接优化设计技术参数的问题。

Course scheduling is a typical portfolio optimization and uncertainty of scheduling problems, but also a complete problem.

排课问题是一个典型的组合优化和不确定性调度问题，也是一个完全问题。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。