优化问题

To overcome the premature of simple genetic algorithm, the calculating efficiency of SGA is improved by the following two ways; Firstly, in order to ensure convergence of algorithm and reduce influence factor of convergence, elitist selection and adapted crossover and mutation operator are adopted. Secondly, because this study deals with finding minimize volume of structure, to quicken convergence of this problem, in line with mechanics criterion the paper carry out mutation to some genes in chromosome according to variations of internal force. This will let algorithms to search answer with our hoping directions.

针对基本遗传算法存在早熟的问题，本文主要从两个方面进行了改进，首先为了保证算法的收敛和减少影响算法收敛因素，采用了最优保护策略和自适应的交叉和变异算子；其次，由于本文研究内容涉及求结构最小体积问题，为了加快此类问题的收敛速度，本文结合结构优化中的力学准则，对个体染色体中的某一段基因按照内力变化进行变异操作，使得算法按一定方向进行搜索最优解。

The combinatorial and delimitative algorithm can be used to solve the problem. A software called "Power Discrete" to implement this algorithm is developed by using Microsoft Visual6.0. It is a useful tool for linear programming problem with discrete variables and for discrete optimum design of structures, and in addition, the software also includes other algorithms such as genetic algorithm.

在国际上， 20世纪 60年代末期和 70年代初期，研究人员已开始对工程离散变量优化设计问题进行研究，但由于当时对于连续变量的非线性规划问题的研究还不够深入，所以在 70年代和80年代，研究的重点集中于连续变量的非线性规划问题。

The space-filling curve and the method of fixed row layout are used to reduce the searching spaces. The methods of two-stage layout and fixed row layout are used to solve the problems of irregular shape of departments.

提出用&定行法&和&空格填充线法&缩减搜索空间，用两阶段法(优化位置-调整面积形状)和&定行布置法&解决部门面积形状不规则的问题：对于多层厂房优化布置，提出按固定楼层布置顺序、改变部门布置顺序的方法缩减搜索空间；假设部门面积可在一定范围偏差，实现楼层间不同面积部门对调。

Aiming at the troubles appeared in trial operation such as steel scrap appearance, flatness badness, dimension out-of-tolerance and telescoping etc, through controlling the temperature strictly, optimizing the parameters of the side guide, loop, coiling machine and the load distribution of the mill, adding the functions of hydraulic AGC and roll bending and adopting concave camber, the teehnohgieal difficulties in production are settled.

针对试生产中出现的废钢、板形不良、尺寸超差、塔形等问题，通过严格控制温度、优化侧导板和活套以及卷取机参数、优化轧机负荷分配、投入液压AGC和弯辊功能、采用负辊型等措施，解决了生产中的技术难题，产品成材率97.6％，综合合格率99.8％，已转入批量生产。

Main work is as follows:(1) According to the product practice of the reheating furnace and complexity of modern industry, the application and research situation of optimal control of the reheating furnace are elaborated. The problems in the reheating furnaces optimal control are also pointed out.

本文主要做了以下工作：(1)从钢坯加热炉生产实际和现代工业复杂化的实际出发，阐述了加热炉优化控制的应用现状与研究现状，并指出了目前加热炉优化控制中存在的问题。

Mine ventilation system optimization is a quantitative and qualitative decision-making problem about complex system which is composed of many integrating, interrelating and interdependent factors.

矿井通风系统优化改造是一个由定性和定量相结合、相互关联、相互制约的众多因素构成的复杂系统优化决策问题。

In order to decrease energy consumption and load fluctuation acting on the cutting head of roadheader, pick arrangement and kinematic parameters of cutting head are optimized based on the optimization strategy of average load of every pick and number of picks cutting simultaneously.

针对掘进机截割头载荷波动和能耗问题，基于各截齿受力均匀和同时参与截割的截齿数保持恒定的优化策略，对截齿排列参数和截割头运动参数进行了多目标优化设计。

To address routing planning of the delivery vehicle navigation in logistics, the article based on point-to-point model, improved the fundamental particle swarm optimization in the initial population, the method of population and evolutionary strategy for improvement, put forward the improved particle swarm optimization for vehicle routing point-to-point model problem of navigation in distribution, and verify the validity of the algorithm by simulation tests.

为解决物流配送车辆导航中的路径规划问题，文章以点对点模型为基础，对基本粒子群优化算法在初始种群的产生方法和种群的进化策略方面进行改进，提出适于配送车辆导航中路径规划点到点模型的改进型粒子群优化算法，并通过仿真试验验证算法的有效性。

How to exploit and utilize water resources reasonably, and allocate them scientifically on the basis of the existing cir...

本文针对江苏省连云港市区的实际情况，分别对水资源需求预测方法、优化配置模型和优化配置决策支持系统等问题进行了研究，论文主要内容包括以下几个方面：(1)在分析需水预测分类以及影响因素的基础上，详细介绍了各行业需水预测的常规方法，并采用定额法、回归分析方法和人工神经网络方法对连云港市区2010和2020两个规划水平年的需水量进行了预测分析。

Each optimizing method has its strong point. On the point of view of math, optimizing for motor design is a process for extremum point for a nonlinear, restricted recessive function. Genetic Algorithms G.A.

从数学角度上来说，电机的优化设计就是一组非线性、有约束条件的隐性函数求极值问题，目前比较成熟的优化方法主要有遗传算法、模拟退火法与Tabu法等，其中以遗传算法应用最为广泛。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。