优化问题

In the first part, the dissertation gives a detailed literature review about oversaturated traffic control and summarizes six basic fundamental problems. They are control subsystem partition problem, control objective category problem, control methodology selection problem, parameter optimization problem and control strategy problem.

本文首先对以往涉及到的过饱和控制问题进行了详细的总结，归纳出过饱和状态控制中六个基础问题，即控制小区的划分问题、控制目标的类型问题、控制方法问题、优化计算方法问题、交通流模型问题和控制策略问题。

In chapter 7, quality loss cost is first used in the model of simultaneous design of tolerance, and economically attainable accuracy of position is first considered as constraint condition. It is first proven that the function of simultaneous design of tolerance is non-convex program; discrete and continuos Simulated Annealing are introduced; the optimum software to solve this model is given.

第七章首次将质量损失成本用于公差并行设计的优化数学模型中，并首次考虑位置精度的经济加工精度范围作为约束条件；论证了公差并行设计优化模型的非凸规划问题；着重介绍了离散型和连续型的模拟退火算法SA；研制了公差并行设计的优化软件。

Recently, topology optimization is the most challenging and hot, as well as difficult research topic in structure optimization.

拓扑优化是近年来结构优化研究领域中的前沿课题和热点问题，也是结构优化中的重点和难点。

The effect of iner- tia weight factor on performance of PSO is discussed.The results show that the particle swarm optimiza- tion algorithm with nonlinear inertia weight factor is suitable to solve multivariahle optimum design prob- lem...

结果表明，带动态非线性惯性因子的微粒群算法对求解多变量的干燥优化设计问题具有方法简单、所需微粒群规模小、收敛速度快等特点；采用部分废气循环并进行优化设计对干燥系统的节能具有十分重要的意义，对湿空气出口温度和废气循环比进行优化设计，其年总费用比无废气循环的常规设计节省18.2%，比循环比为0.2时的常规设计节省12.6%。

The dissertation recommends some kinds of methods and measures: such as adjusting the network configuration, connecting value and threshold value by the total value of all stylebooks, adding part of the adjusting value of the last time to the current adjusting value, transforming the stylebooks to standard value, optimizing activation function, appending threshold value to the putout of the nerve cell and so on. Simultaneity, the author brings forward a new method to optimize the model of artificial neural network . It is using the automatically adaptive genetic algorithm to make the network configuration, connecting value and threshold value of artificial neural network better. The method can make the model better and improve the simulating effect and forecasting precision.Genetic algorithm is an arithmetic based on evolution and genetics used to search the optimization .

本文针对人工神经网络应用中存在的上述问题，介绍了各种改进方法与措施：如用所有样本的总效果对网络权值矩阵和阈值向量进行调整、调整量中加入动量项、标准化训练样本数据、优化激励函数以及给神经元的输出值添加偏置量等；同时还提出了一种新的优化人工神经网络模型的方法，即采用自适应遗传算法对人工神经网络模型的网络结构和权值阈值进行全局优化搜索，以提高大坝安全监测人工神经网络模型的拟合成果和预测精度。

Power optimization of amplify-and-forward relay aided OFDM communication system is discussed in this paper.

讨论了AF型中继辅助OFDM通信系统中的功率优化方案，并针对最优的功率优化方案很难得到闭合解的问题，提出了一种迭代的功率优化算法。

According to the character of highway profile design, this paper repositions the role of the optimization design of profile and builds the optimization design models and solves the problems of profile optimization design successfully with genetic algorithm, owing to the fact that highway design need repeatedly modification, this paper also establishes the self-adaption modification models of plane and profile design.

根据纵断面设计的特点，重新定位了纵断面优化设计的地位，建立了纵断面优化设计模型，并应用遗传算法圆满解决了纵断面优化设计问题。针对公路设计需要反复修改的特点，建立了平纵面自适应修改模型。

Taking Rong hu bridge project as the background, the paper Studies on the optimization of dead load cable tension, construct system of controlling, effect of non-linear factor, limit bearing capacity of structure and spatial stress of concrete-filled steel tubular tower and the combination of girder, which are based on the hybrid cable-stayed bridge.Asking for the maximal deformation of tower and girder to be minimized and cable permissible stress as constraint conditions, the paper tries to solve the ideal dead load cable tension by combining finite element calculation and optimize analysis.

本文以蓉湖大桥工程为背景，就混合梁斜拉桥的成桥恒载索力优化、施工监控体系、过程非线性因素影响、结构极限承载力、索塔和主梁结合部的空间应力分析等问题开展研究：关于索力的优化，是以斜拉桥索塔和梁的最大变位最小为目标，以拉索容许应力为约束条件，采用有限元计算与优化分析相结合的方法来确定斜拉桥的成桥合理恒载索力。

In order to solve these problems, a new integrated optimizing control strategy based on production is presented, which forms a closed loop between reheating furnace and roughing mill, making the production of reheating furnace meet the requirement of roughing mill.

针对这些问题，提出了基于生产目标的热轧过程集成优化控制策略，将加热炉和粗轧机组成一个有机的闭环系统，使加热炉的生产能够满足粗轧机轧制生产的需要，通过对热轧过程的建模和优化，达到节能降耗、保障轧制生产安全、优化生产过程的目的。

In order to solve these problems, a new integrated optimizing control strategy based on production is presented, which forms a closed loop between reheating furnace and roughing mill, making the production of reheating furnace meet the requirement of roughing mill. In this way, energy consumption can be reduced, the production process can be optimized, and the production security of rolling process can be quaranted at the same time.

针对这些问题，提出了基于生产目标的热轧过程集成优化控制策略，将加热炉和粗轧机组成一个有机的闭环系统，使加热炉的生产能够满足粗轧机轧制生产的需要，通过对热轧过程的建模和优化，达到节能降耗、保障轧制生产安全、优化生产过程的目的。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。