优化

Thecharacteristic and different using limit of both optimization criteria method andmathematics programming method are all analyzed in this paper. OC algorithm and theseries MMA algorithm based on SIMP approach are deducedand used for the topology optimization problem of continuum structure. MMA algorithm hasa bad convergence but it has a high computational efficiency, while GCMMA is excellent onconvergence and stability with bad calculation efficiency.

优化求解算法是拓扑优化问题求解的核心和关键，本文系统分析了适用于离散结构和连续体结构优化的优化求解算法，重点讨论了 OC 算法和 MP 算法，分析比较了不同算法的特点和适用范围，推导了基于 SIMP 理论的优化准则法和 MMA 系列算法，并将MMA 系列算法应用于连续体结构拓扑优化问题的求解。

Based on the fuzzy mathematics theory, the math model of the fuzzy optimal design for the gear reducer is set up and a computer optimal interface that gear optimal design plan is developed.

基于Pro/E的支撑平台，以Pro/TOOLKIT和MFC类库作为核心技术，提出了基于模糊优化设计理论的计算机辅助齿轮设计方案，结合模糊数学的基本原理，建立了齿轮传动模糊优化设计的数学模型，开发出一套计算机辅助齿轮优化设计的系统软件，分别给出了普通优化设计和模糊优化设计的计算结果，体现了模糊优化设计的优越性。

Optimization arithmetic of low osmose oil field network problem is presented that oil-gas gathering system, sewage dispose system, injection system, electricity system are solved in succession, and the systems are connected with variable, layout and parameter optimization are included in every son system.

给出了低渗透油田地面工程网络拓扑优化的多级分解优化算法，即顺次进行油气集输系统、污水处理系统、注水系统和供配电系统的优化，各子系统间又通过变量互相联系，每一个子系统的网络优化又分解为布局优化和参数优化。

The multilevel optimization arithmetic of low osmose oil field network problem is presented that oil gas gathering system, sewage dispose system, injection...

给出了低渗透油田地面工程网络拓扑优化的多级分解优化算法，即顺次进行油气集输系统、污水处理系统、注水系统和供配电系统的优化，各子系统间又通过变量互相联系，每一个子系统的网络优化又分解为布局优化和参数优化。

The optimizing fracturing design chiefly includes fractures parameter optimization of fracturing wells, the volume of pre-conditioning fluid and preflush, the optimization of pump parameter and program, the optimization of fracturing technology parameters (Optimizing various kinds of proppant, concentration, volume and program and the adding way to optimize the reasonable operation parameters so as to improve the fluid diversion in natural formation fractures and main fractures).

压裂优化设计主要包括压裂井裂缝参数优化；预处理液和前置液用量、泵注参数和程序的优化；压裂工艺参数优化(以提高地层天然裂缝和主裂缝导流能力为目标，优化各种支撑剂类型、浓度、用量和程序，以及加入方式等；优化合理的施工参数)。

This paper, which focused on the structure optimization theory and method, has finished such studies as follows: The three dimension model has been built, which provide the necessary conditions for the building of the dynamics equivalent model. By the launch dynamics simulation, the loads of the key joints when the rocket is launched has been got, which provide the necessary data for the finite element analysis and the structure optimization. The finite element model of the excess weight parts of the rocket has been built, buy the finite element intension analysis of the model in two conditions, the displacement and the stress of the key points have been got, which make us know the distributing of the stress and the transmogrification of the part. To satisfy the intension and the precision design request and to decrease the weight of the part as many as possible, the part has been topology optimized by the structure optimization theory and method. After that, the new model has been analysis in structure and launch dynamics. The contrast of the character change of the old part and the new part and the influence on the rocket system have been studied.

本文以结构优化理论和方法为核心，主要做了以下工作：建立了某自行火箭炮全炮三维实体模型，为建立该火箭炮系统的动力学等效模型提供了必要条件，进行了发射动力学仿真，得到该火箭炮发射装置各关键连接部位在发射状态下的载荷，为有限元分析和结构优化提供了必需的数据；建立了该火箭炮发射装置超重部分的有限元模型，分两种工况，对模型进行了有限元强度分析，得出了关键部位的位移和应力值，对其的应力和变形分布有了具体的了解；运用结构优化的理论和方法，对该火箭炮发射装置超重部分进行了拓扑优化，使其在满足强度和精度的要求下尽可能多地减轻重量，对优化后得到的模型进行了结构分析和发射动力学分析，对比了该部件优化前后的特性变化以及对火箭炮系统的影响。

As the shape optimization design of structural element sections belong to structural optimization,which has its own traits such as discreteness, nondifferentiable and non-convexity,while the traditional optimal methods are not applicable.

结构截面形状优化设计属于工程结构优化问题，由于工程结构优化问题具有离散性、不可微性和非凸性等特点，而传统的优化算法对所优化的问题往往要求连续、可微、非凹等前提条件，所以已不再适合用于工程结构优化问题的求解。

It includes two aspects in content: one is the best choice for plane disposal of pipeline, and its methods follows as decision-making plot, simple trapeziform and optimizing trunkform etc; the other one is optimizing pipe parameter when the plane disposal of pipeline has been fixed, and the methods of which are linear programming, unlinear programming, dynamic optimizing, direct optimizing, hereditary arithmetic and so on.

污水管网优化设计包括两个方面的内容：一是管线平面布置的优化选择；其方法有：决策图法，简约梯度法，优化树法等。二是在管线平面布置已定情况下进行管道参数的优化；其方法有：线性规划法，非线性规划法，动态优化法，遗传算法，直接优化法等。

A integrated mathematical model was established in accordance with the process of metallurgical production and it was composed of the process models and the raw materials distribution models. The process models include the sintering process model, the pelleting process model and the iron making process model.

数学模型分为6个子模型，其中工艺模型有烧结机优化模型、竖炉优化模型、高炉优化模型，物料配置模型有铁精粉优化配置模型，烧结矿优化配置模型和球团矿优化配置模型，模型之间交互的数据流为原料或产品的物料流量、物料性能、价格及原料性能的影子价格。

A new method was developed for design of the composite material flywheel with high speed. In this paper ,the method of optimization of shape design for the composite material flywheel with high speed was put forward on the base of the analytical method and research optimization of shape design, and established the models of density optimization of energy and light mass.These models were used to design two typical composite flywheels with high speed in hybrid electrical vehicle flywheel battery and the stress level and convergence on the flywheel were got .Then a new way was developed for optimization of shape design of the composite material flywheel with high speed.

在此基础上对高速复合材料飞轮进行了形状优化设计，将复合材料有限元分析方法和优化设计技术相结合，提出了复合材料的形状优化的方法，分别建立了以高速复合材料飞轮的以储能密度最大为目标函数的形状优化模型和以质量最轻为设计目标的形状优化模型，并以混合动力客车飞轮电池中高速复合材料飞轮作为具体应用，使其在满足强度条件和几何约束条件下，分别寻求其最大储能密度和最轻质量，从而为高速复合材料飞轮的形状优化设计提供参考依据。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。