优值

State variables at left end of time interval and costate at right end of time interval were taken as independent mixed variables, and the state and costate variables inside the time interval were approximated by Lagrange interpolation. Nonlinear optimal control problems were replaced by nonlinear equations through dual variable principle, and the symplectic algorithm for solving nonlinear optimal control problems can be obtained at the same time.

以时间区段一端状态和另一端协态作为混合独立变量，在时间区段内采用拉格朗日插值近似状态变量与协态变量，然后利用对偶变量变分原理并将非线性最优控制问题转化为非线性方程组的求解，最终得到求解非线性动力学系统最优控制问题的保辛数值方法。

State variables at left end of time interval and costate at right end of time interval were taken as independent mixed variables,and the state and costate variables inside the time interval were approximated by Lagrange interpolation.

以时间区段一端状态和另一端协态作为混合独立变量，在时间区段内采用拉格朗日插值近似状态变量与协态变量，然后利用对偶变量变分原理并将非线性最优控制问题转化为非线性方程组的求解，最终得到求解非线性动力学系统最优控制问题的保辛数值方法。

By level function,ε-subdifferential, normal cone and dual function, global optimal solutions for a convex function in locally convex topological vector space and a few of equivalent forms on it are obtained. Maximum points are characterized.

讨论局部凸拓扑向量空间中凸函数的全局最优解，用水平函数、ε-次微分及法向锥和共轭函数等工具刻画其最大值点，得到最优解的几个等价形式。

Inthe first section,under the non-convex case we are devoted to investigate an optimalcontrol problem for a class of semilinear elliptic type equations which admit exactly twosolutions.By analyzing the property of a soltuion of the state equation and establishing the proper energy estimate,we prove the relaxed control method is fit for our problemand gain the Pontryagin\'s maximum principle.

第一节，在非凸情形下我们致力于一类只有两个解的半线性椭圆型方程的最优控制问题，通过对状态方程解性质的分析并建立适当的能量估计，我们证明了松弛控制方法对本问题的适用性并得到了最优对的Pontryagin\'s最大值原理。

The aims of this paper are to derive the optimal error estimates of eigenpairs, i.e. the optimal error estimate of eigenvalues, and the new error estimates of velocity, pressure including the L~2 - norm and energy norm, respectively, in which the L~2 - norm estimate of velocity on anisotropic meshes has not ever been seen in the precious literature.

对于Stokes特征值问题本文不仅得到了征值对的最优误差估计即：特征值和流速压力的零模和能量模以及压力的能量模最优误差估计，其中在各向异性网格下对此问题的零模估计尚未见报道。

Optimal control of DSS formation adjusting based on Hamilton Mechanics and generating function method was investigated. An iterative way of solving the two-point boundary value problem induced by optimal control by relative motion generating function approximation was proposed.

基于考虑J_2项的DSS相对运动Hamilton力学模型和生成函数方法研究了DSS构形调整的最优控制问题，提出了求解最优控制两点边值问题的相对运动生成函数近似迭代方法。

The relationships between sub- and super-derivatives and Penot diferentials are dicussed as well.4. In recent years, set-valued optimization make much progress. In Chapter 5, based on Clarke tangent cone, we establish epiderivative of a class of set-valued maps and its properties.

在第5章中，针对近几年发展起来的集值优化，基于Clarke切锥利用Epigraph建立了一类集值映射的Epi-导数并讨论它的一些性质，同时给出集值优化的充分的最优性条件。

The GCA and SCA between various parents and cross combinations were significantly different. The GCA effect value of 582 was the highest in these three traits. The sum of breeding value and SCA of cross combination 582×Kangda was significantly superior to other combinations in amount of cocoon crop and cocooning rate to newly hatched larvae. The best cross combination of breeding value and SCA was 582×9906 in thousand-cocoon weight.

供试亲本间及各组合间的GCA和SCA差异较大，其中亲本材料582的产茧量、千粒茧质量及收蚁结茧率3个性状均表现出最高的GCA效应值；杂交组合582×抗大的产茧量和收蚁结茧率的育种值与SCA之和明显地优于其他组合，千粒茧质量的育种值与SCA之和最优的组合为582×9906。

The different adsorbed species such as sulfates sulfites and adsorbed sulfur dioxides under various temperature, pressure and evacuated treatment conditions were characterized by in situ-IR. In the absent of oxygen, two bands were observed at 1050cm〓 and 1330cm〓, the former is the weakly chemisorbed sulfur dioxide species and the latter is the strongly chemisorbed SO〓.

首次利用正电子淹没技术求取了CeO〓在MgAl〓O〓上单层分布的阈值为0.075g／gMgAl〓O〓，此值略小于利用XRD法求取的单层分布阈值0.08g／gMgAl〓O〓，并且发现催化剂的氧化吸硫活性，O-Ps的生成率与CeO〓的负载量之间良好的对应关系，当CeO〓在MgAl〓O〓上形成单层分布时，O-Ps的生成率最小，此时，催化剂的活性最优。

A novel scheme based on wavelet transform and its reversible transform of fault recording data compression in power systems by adopting lifting algorithm is presented in this paper.

利用提升算法实现了一个基于小波变换的电网故障录波数据压缩的新方案，从采样频率的角度首次给出确定最优分解层数的公式，说明了压缩比与频率的关系；结合实际录波数据，选定误差上限后，给出了通用阈值法中参数的优化取值；对比分析了软硬阈值处理方法。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。