优

The optimal control law obtained is composed of feedforward and feedback optimal terms without time-delay in analytic forms and a compensation term with time-delay in a sequence limit form of adjoint vectors.

得到的最优控制律由解析的无时滞前馈－反馈控制部分和伴随向量序列极限形式的时滞补偿控制部分组成。

Adjoint function algorithms and direct collocation and nonlinear programming methods are applied to resolve the non-coplanar optimal orbit transfers problem.

分别利用了共轭函数法与直接配置和非线性规划方法对异面最优变轨问题进行了求解。

The new method is a combination of characteristic approximation to handle the convection part, to ensure the high stability of the method in approximating the sharp fronts and reduce the numerical diffusion, a smaller time truncation is gained at the same time, and a mixed finite elementspatial approximation to deal with the diffusion part, the sealer unknown and the adjoint vector function are approximated optimally and simultaneously.

此方法即为对方程的对流项沿流体流动的方向即特征方向进行离散，从而保证格式在流动锋线前沿逼近的高稳定性，消除了数值弥散现象，并得到了较小的时间截断误差；另一方面，对方程的扩散项采用混合元离散，可同时高精度逼近未知函数及其伴随向量函数，理论分析表明，此方法是稳定的，具有最优的L~2逼近精度。

Spectral methods and the classical Crank-Nicolson scheme are applied to deduce the full discrete system for the continuous model, then the variational adjoint assimilation approach is used to derive the gradient and the corresponding adjoint system.

从这个全离散问题出发，结合全局或局部已知的观测数据，分别构造梯度下降算法求解相应的最优化问题。我们分析了采用不同方法计算梯度所需的代价，另外，还给出一种选择最优迭代步长的算法。

The obtained optimal control law consists of analytical linear feedforward and feedback terms and a nonlinear compensation term which is the limit of the adjoint vector sequence.

得到的最优控制律由解析的线性前馈－反馈项和伴随向量序列极限形式的非线性补偿项组成。

The optimal control law consists of an accurate linear feedback term and a nonlinear delay compensation term that is the limit of an adjoint vector sequence.

最优控制律由精确的线性反馈项和非线性时滞补偿序列的极限项组成。

The optimal control law obtained consists of linear analytic functions and a compensation term which is a series sum of the adjoint vectors. The analytic functions can be found by solving a Riccati matrix difference equation and a matrix difference equation. The compensation term can be obtained by a recursion formula that solves adjoint vector equations.

得到的最优输出跟踪控制律由状态向量的线性解析函数和伴随向量级数形式的补偿项组成，其解析函数由一次性求解Riccati矩阵差分方程和矩阵差分方程得到，补偿项由求解伴随向量差分方程的递推公式得到。

Usurer is avoid risk, increase profit, also won't raise interest rate when capital demands exceeds supply, can reduce the amount that is not best and complete leasehold contract only, produce credit admeasure thereby.

贷款人为规避风险，增加收益，在资金供不应求时也不会提高利率，只会减少非最优完全借贷合同的数量，从而产生信贷配给。

Laparoscopic or retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy is now considered superior to open surgery and becomes a new gold standard for functional adrenal tumor.

腹腔镜或后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术已经被证实是一种较优於传统开刀的手术方式，而且也成为了肾上腺功能性肿瘤之新治疗准则。

Results showed that FBILS was more effective than FFB to adsorb heavy metal from aqueous solution.

研究结果显示，固定化菌体的对重金属吸附能力优於游离的菌体，而吸附能力的顺序为铅＞汞＞镉。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。