伊斯兰的

But ethnic and religious tensions in the country's central "Middle Belt" run deep, rooted in resentment from indigenous minority groups, mostly Christian or animist, toward migrants and settlers from the Ha目前世界上最强大的国家-speaking Muslim north.

但尼日利亚当地的少数人的共同体，主如果基督徒或万物有灵论者，对来自尼日利亚北方讲豪萨语的伊斯兰信徒移民以及假寓者的怨恨则一天比一天加大深度，这是尼日利亚中部中间地带的人种以及宗教严重局势一天比一天加剧，最终引起了此次冲突以及扰攘的发生。

The dissertation consists of six chapters. The first chapter studies background of establishing the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iran was Islamized on the bases of profound culture and civilization. Iranian Islamization was followed by Islamic nationalization in Iran, that is to say, shiism includes very deep Iranian nationalism.

全文共分六章，首先研究伊朗伊斯兰共和国建国的时代背景，指出伊朗是在拥有发达的文明的基础上实现伊斯兰化的，伊朗伊斯兰化的过程也伴随着伊斯兰伊朗化民族化的过程，什叶派教义含有深厚的伊朗民族主义思想。

In Chapter 6,the author exposed thechallenge of Islamic Fundamentalism to nationalism combining with theory of nationalism andpolitical standpoint of thinkers on Islamic Fundamentalism,this challenge embodied three kinds ofcontradiction,namely religious identity and national identity,the God's sovereignty and statesovereignty,secularization and Islamization.

第六章，结合民族主义理论和伊斯兰原教旨主义思想家的政治主张，从宗教认同与民族认同、真主主权与国家主权、伊斯兰化与世俗化道路三个方面的矛盾，揭示了伊斯兰原教旨主义对民族主义的思想挑战。

The theory of Islamic Government maintains that the Islamic state should be based on Islamic laws, and the theory of Guardianship of the Jurisconsult maintains that such a state should be governed by a Muslim Jurisconsult.

1970年，以霍梅尼《伊斯兰政府》的发表为标志，什叶派现代伊斯兰主义在理论上得到进一步发展，提出伊斯兰政府和教法学家统治的理论。

The foundation of Islamic bank is based on the Islamic faith and must stay within the limits of Islamic Law or the Shariah in all of its actions and deeds.

伊斯兰银行的根基在于伊斯兰信仰，且必须坚持在所有活动和契约中遵守伊斯兰法律或教法的限制。

Therefore, with the aid of the analysis used in institutional economics, here is a first tentative to the constructive rational theory, formational mechanism, the institutional function and its change in the Islamic rites supposed as a social system.

本文力图运用制度经济学的分析工具，把伊斯兰仪式作为一种社会制度，分析伊斯兰仪式的建构理性，首次论证伊斯兰仪式的型构机制，指明伊斯兰仪式的制度功能与制度变迁。

With about 360 thousand characters, the whole paper is composed of eight parts, which may be arranged as follows: The prelude gives a brief illustration of the significance, purpose and research situation of this topic, and places emphasis on the textual research of the concept of Islamic Fundamentalism—the focus of the paper, for which it studies the origin of Islamic Resurgence Movement, analyses the relationship between Islamic Traditionism, Modernism, Fundamentalism and other ideological movements, examines the conceptual connotation of Islamic Fundamentalism, and poses that Islamic Fundamentalism is a revolutionary ideology with theoretical proposition in a systematic way.

全文约36万字，分为8个部分，具体安排如下：序论部分在简要阐述本选题的意义、目的和研究现状之外，主要考证本文关注的焦点——伊斯兰原教旨主义的概念，为此梳理了伊斯兰复兴运动的源流，辨析其中伊斯兰传统主义、现代主义、原教旨主义等等思潮运动之间的关系，考察伊斯兰原教旨主义的概念内涵，提出伊斯兰原教旨主义是一种有着系统理论主张的革命性意识形态。

The third chapter analyses process of establishing Islamic Republic. The Islamic Revolution began with intelligen tsia's anti-despotism struggle, then is Islamized, at last emerged anti-shah popular-front led by Grand Ayatollah, Source of Emulation khomeini.

霍梅尼为首的宗教领导集团建立了伊斯兰革命委员会、革命法庭、革命卫队和伊斯兰共和党，镇压了统一战线内部的力量弱小、组织涣散的反对派，最终独占政权，通过了《伊朗伊斯兰共和国宪法》，全面控制了国家权力。

With the Islamists disdaining the secular opposition and the secular parties afraid of the Islamists, the opposition in many Arab countries has checkmated itself.

随着伊斯兰教徒对反对派的蔑视，和对伊斯兰教徒有所畏惧，反对派在许多阿拉伯国家一败涂地。PS：？？执政党？？在野党？？伊斯兰党派？？反对派反对现任政权

Based on the zigzag development from natural affiliafions tO encumbriance, the display of Islamic factors in China＇s participating in the Middle East affairs offers three attractions: Islamic factors and establishing diplomatic relations between China and the Middle East countries; China＇s participating in the Middle East affairs and the Neo- Pan-Islamism since 1979; Islam fundamentalism movements and China＇s northwest security.

在经历了从中华民国时期的天然联系到新中国早期阻碍延滞的曲折发展之后，从1979年开始，中国参与中东事务时的伊斯兰因素主要表现为三点：伊斯兰因素与中国和中东国家建交；新时期以来中国参与中东事务时的泛伊斯兰因素；伊斯兰原教旨主义运动与中国西北边疆安全。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。