伊斯兰

Nasserism and new Pan-Islamism did not belong to new thoughts, which were the continuation of the theory that the Arab elites had searched for the nations future.

这二者并不是新兴事物，在19世纪后期两股思潮已见端倪，是早期阿拉伯——伊斯兰世界中的仁人志士对民族未来的理论探索的延续。

After the World War II, the situations in Middle East had been complicated. AH kinds of ideas and movements surged on. Arab-Nationalism and new Pan-Islamism were popular from 1950"s to 1960"s in Arab world, whose effects were great.

二战后的中东，内外形势复杂，各种思潮、运动风起云涌，20世纪50、60年代在阿拉伯世界兴起了两股有影响的思潮——以纳赛尔主义为代表的阿拉伯民族主义和新泛伊斯兰主义。

The Pan-Islamism advocated by Afghani was built on the framework of the methodology of striving for human's rational and wisdom judgment not on the foundation of the dogmatic repeating and mechanic copying.

阿富汗尼主张的泛伊斯兰主义是构建于充分发挥人类理性和智慧判断的方法论框架中，绝不是像教条主义那样机械地模仿和照搬。

After the cold war, the change of central Asian governmental strategy causes much mutilateral nationl question. One of the major questions is Pan-Turkism and Pan-Islamism, Central Asian mutilateral national question brings harmful influence to Western Chinese security and development.

冷战后中亚地缘政治的变化是中亚跨界民族问题产生的主要背景；泛突厥主义和泛伊斯兰主义是中亚跨界民族问题的主要表现形式之一；中亚跨界民族问题对我国西部安全和开发带来了消极影响。

However, different from other kinds of nationalism characterized by "Pan-"(Pan-Islamism and Pan-Slavism, for instance), Pan-Turkism does not have an existing modern nation as its basis. The so-called "Turkish nation" is nothing but a theoretical fabrication by Pan-Turkists.

但同其他以&泛&为特征的民族主义(如泛斯拉夫主义、泛伊斯兰主义)不同，它名称中的另一关键词&突厥&并不是具有实体的现代民族，而完全是出于泛突厥主义者的&理论杜撰&。

If either state is to succeed, the alternative writs of Pushtunwali and jihadist Islam will have to wither.

只要有一个国家即将获胜，&普什图瓦里&和伊斯兰圣战主义中某一个将不得不衰亡。

However, the tradition of making Middle Eastern glass predates the Islamic Period, and it would be difficult to say whether some pieces from this region might be Roman or Post-Roman (dating from just before the Islamic Period, and of similar styles and types).

然而，交易使得中东过早进入琉璃时代，而且很难说明哪些琉璃是罗马或者前罗马（时间早于伊斯兰时代琉璃但是很类似），而且在这里出现了再次繁荣的中东琉璃制作。

It is certain, however, that Friday was a day of solemn gatherings and public festivities among the pre-Islamic Arabs.

这是肯定的，不过，周五是一天的庄严集会和庆祝活动的市民当中，前伊斯兰阿拉伯人。

The seventh month is reserved for the fast which Mohammed substituted for a month devoted by the Arabs in pre-Islamic times to excessive eating and drinking.

第7个月是保留作迅速，而穆罕默德取代了一个月，由专门的阿拉伯人前伊斯兰时代的过度进食和饮水。

This statue and two other giant carved buddhas near it were demolished by the Taliban in 2001 in a campaign to eradicate reminders of the country's pre-Islamic heritage.

这尊雕像连同附近的另外两尊巨佛，都于2001年被塔利班政权摧毁。他们的目的是为了抹去这个国家的&前伊斯兰时期遗产&在人民心中的印记。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。