企业

The thesis make integrative use of management theories, economics, demotics, psychology, systematology and information science to systematically study the following topics: the principle of knowledge innovation in the enterprises, the interaction between the knowledge innovation and the competitive advantages, the relationships between the knowledge innovation and the organizational structure, the interaction between the enterprise culture and the human resource management.

本文利用管理科学、经济学、社会学、心理学和信息系统科学等多学科理论和方法，对企业知识创新的原理，企业知识创新与企业竞争优势的关系，企业知识创新与企业组织结构、企业文化和企业人力资源管理的相互作用关系，以及企业与其他组织之间的知识战略联盟进行了系统的研究，提出了一些新概念、新模型和新方法。

Along with the further development and evolution of market economy and institutions of enterprises, and for a better adaptation to the requirement of socialized production and economies of sale, developing of more group enterprises is becoming an exorable trend.

随着市场经济和企业制度的进一步发展和演进，为了更好的适应社会化大生产和规模经济的要求，企业的集团化发展已经成为必然的趋势。完善企业集团制度的各项措施，最终都将落实在有关主体的利益之上。因此，对控制企业，从属企业、从属企业少数股东以及从属企业债权人等主体关系的协调问题，是企业集团制度建设中最基本和最重要的问题之一。

Thus easy to be in line with international standards, to make the enterprise benefited finally, it can also accelerate the paces of our countrys setting up the system of modem enterprise. The third part of the article, proposes such as investments mechanism, stock right setting up, organization management system, and indistinction between the functions of the government and those of enterprises phenomenon hinder standard from distribution system some countermeasures. The fourth part of the article author expounds the fact from the respects, such as necessity, legislative principle, legislative style and main content legislating etc.

正如一位哲人所说，一切的认识和知识皆可源于比较，本文主要采用比较的方法认识和重构现行的股份合作制企业，其中主要涉及股份合作制企业与相关企业形态一一股份制企业、合作制企业、私营企业、合伙企业的比较；在立法部分从西方国家对中小企业的态度中得到启示，进一步说明了我国对股份合作制企业立法的必要性。

Considering that the definition of CSR is controversial, and different school has different opinion about the connotation and extension of it, this chapter first probes into the origin of CSR, and lay out different parlance about it, in order to rendering the standpoint of this dissertation impersonal, impartial and scientific; then according to the etymology and locution of CSR, comments on these parlance about it by means of logic discriminance; finally, by appraising the different theories, brings forward the appropriate definition for CSR in my own conceit, that is: CSR is the obligation for corporation to maintaining and enhancing the social commonweal besides its duty to pursuit profit-maximum for shareholders.

这一问题。鉴于企业社会责任是一个争议颇大的概念，其内涵和外延在不同学者的心目中大相径庭，为使本文的企业社会责任观尽量立基于客观、公正和科学之上，本章首先回到企业社会责任产生的本土之中，穷源竟委，对企业社会责任的不同界说进行展示；其次，依"企业社会责任"的语源和语境，运用逻辑学的判别方法，对各种观点展开评析；最后，斟酌各家之说，提出一个自以为妥帖的企业社会责任概念，这就是：企业社会责任乃指企业在谋求股东利润最大化之外所负有的维护和增进社会公益的义务。

We shall adhere to develop big circulation companies and large circulation groups simultaneously, encourage the establishment of small and medium circulation enterprises, actively create new jobs, give more supports to these enterprises in terms of the market access, the designated operation of franchised commodities and services as well as land use, make special provisions of State laws and regulations as well as preferential policies granted to foreign-funded enterprises and big enterprises in various places available to small and medium circulation enterprises, simplify procedures of examination and approval for the establishment of the said enterprises from the standpoints of encouraging establishment and making the registration easier, and never specify pre-examination and approval unless particularly stipulated by laws, administrative rules and regulations.

四、支持创办中小流通企业，放宽市场准入限制坚持发展流通领域大公司、大集团与扶持中小流通企业并举。鼓励创办中小流通企业，积极开发新的工作岗位。在市场准入、专营商品和服务的指定经营、土地使用等方面，应给予中小流通企业更多的支持，除国家法规有特殊规定外，各地给予外资企业和大企业的优惠政策，应同样适用中小流通企业。应从鼓励开办、方便注册的角度出发，简化中小流通企业设立审批程序，除法律、行政法规有特殊规定外，不得设置前置审批。

It has been rated as category A Customs enterprises, the Agricultural Bank of the city was rated AA-credit enterprises, farmers in AAA-rated letter of credit business, the county government as the county committee of advanced enterprise management, foreign exchange earned through exports advanced enterprises, tax The honorary title of advanced units. 2004 was the best enterprises in bank credit to the selection committee selected the "best business bank credit."

并先后被海关评为A类企业、被市农行评为AA级信用企业、被市农信评为AAA级信用企业、被县委县政府评为企业管理先进企业、出口创汇先进企业、纳税先进单位等荣誉称号。2004年被市银行信用最佳企业评选委员会选定为"银行信用最佳企业"。

There are some main conclusions of the article. 1.Enterprise inclines to decision-making according to its profit, so constituting and anglicizing green institutions from the view of enterprise will advantage their microcosmic base, then can improve their adaptive abilities and green effects. 2.Government has powers and some potential advantages, but it inheres of some defects, so it should not become the principle parter but the urger, waiter and superintendent of the green transition process. 3.According to social cost and the situation of the social environment, we should adopt a gradual transition stratagem on the whole in the process. 4.We can classify the enterprise green transition into three kinds by the dominant factor in the push-drag-model, push-dominant mode, drag-dominant mode and friction-tight state. Different green policies should giveto different transition mode in odor to getting a good green effect. 5.The costs of enterprise have three levels by the point of view of sustainable development, apparent cost in generation, dormant cost in generation and intergenerational cost. The priority of green system should adjust to the level to which the benefits of the enterprise amount.

本文得出的主要结论有：1、企业具有相机决策的倾向，从企业的角度分析和制定绿色制度可以使政策具有较强的微观基础，进而可以提高它的适应性和绿色效果。2、政府具有暴力潜能，也具有固有的不足，在绿色制度变迁的过程中应该且只能是倡导者、服务者、监督与维护者，而不是主体参与者。3、综合考虑社会成本与社会环境，渐进式的总体推进模式是我国目前较为现实的选择。4、本文建立了企业绿色变迁推拉模型，并根据促使企业绿色转变的主导因素的不同，将企业绿色变迁的模式分为拉力主导型、推力主导型与摩擦状态三种类型，不同的类型应采取不同的绿色政策才能收到良好的绿色效果。5、从可持续发展的角度可以将企业的生产成本分为代内隐性成本、代内显性成本和代际成本三个层次，对于收益处于不同层次的企业，绿色制度的侧重点应有所不同。6、根据企业与政府在绿色制度变迁过程中所起的作用的不同可以将绿色制度变迁分为强制供给型、政府导向型、需求诱导型三种模式。

At the very beginning of C/S application, which was applied in only a single department , there was no necessary for Integration systems. But the need for Integrating systems into a more complex system is increasing, mainly because new and more useful solutions can be achieved, and enterprises need to consider the business process problems. If the single systems still run singly, they must be lack of the capacity of data-sharing and transaction-collaborating, and then become the infomation acnode in Internet. EAI could help enterprise solve these problems and improve the effectivity of whole system.The web is now evolving into a distributed device of computation from a collection of information resources.

在早期单一部门级小型C/S系统的应用阶段，企业和开发商并没有集成系统的需求与必要，随着企业实施的信息系统不断增多、范围逐渐扩大，企业也越来越多地将注意力集中在面向业务过程问题上，而这些各司其职的信息系统却缺乏互联互通数据共享事务协作的能力，形成了网络时代的信息孤岛，因此，企业应用集成便成了企业必须面对并需要解决的复杂问题，用来解决企业内部之间、企业与企业之间的集成，是多个系统能够相互协作，以提高效率。

In this article, I set forth the impendence of human resource exploitation and management through the analysis of the problems exist in our enterprises and the chance and challenge after our entry into WTO.

本文最后从六个方面论述了提出现代企业中人力资源开发与管理的新构想：1、企业的高层管理者鼓励人力资源部门应该直接参与企业的战略决策，确保企业人力资源部门的地位不受传统人事管理部门的活动范围的束缚。2、对负责企业人力资源管理的直线经理任职要求必须经过正规的人力资源专业的教育培训。3、建立健全企业内部人员的人才开发机制，同时加强企业文化建设。4、及时权衡人力资源开发与管理的成本与收益，制定最佳的人力资源开发计划。5、企业中的每一个管理者都应该对人力资源的开发与管理负责。6、建立健全人才的激励机制。

The conception of intellectual capital reflects the change of the resource of enterprises" value. How to increase value by intellectual capital management is the problem in front of all of the enterprises. However, intellectual capital evaluation, which is the first stage of intellectual capital management, has to be connected with enterprise value. Intellectual capital evaluation isn"t ought to only tell the contribution the intellectual capital creates on enterprise value at some moment, but also help high managers know the relationship between intellectual capital and enterprise value. Enterprises should know which intellectual capital is more related with enterprise value, which is the most worthy to investing and paying attention to. Enterprises should pre-estimate the dynamic change which intellectual capital contributes to enterprises value.

智力资本概念的提出实质反映的正是知识经济时代企业价值来源的变化，如何通过有效管理智力资本增加自身价值是摆在所有企业面前的紧迫问题，而作为智力资本管理首要环节的智力资本评估自然也不能脱离企业价值，有效的智力资本评估不仅应能识别出特定时点上企业拥有的智力资本对企业价值做出的贡献，更重要的是帮助企业高层管理人员更好地理解智力资本和企业总体价值之间的关系，弄清楚哪些智力资本与企业价值联系最紧密，哪些智力资本最值得重点投资和关注，预先判断智力资本对企业价值贡献的动态变化。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。