任意

It can be concluded from the above analysis that at the beginning of language, simple linguistic signs, coming from sound imitation, natural exclamation and morphological stimulation, took a strong feature of iconicity, while arbitrariness still existed to a little extent. With time going by, the primitives had to create more linguistic signs to meet their needs of survival and development, so that they arbitrarily related the sound patterns and concepts to conventionalize them as linguistic signs adopted in the whole society. During this period of time, arbitrariness played a more important role, while iconicity still worked as phenomena of phonaesthesia designate. With society developing, human beings found that it was not enough to create new signs at will, so they began to make use of some principles like compound, derivation, etc. to form new linguistic signs, either simple or complex. The linguistic signs formed during this period of time always took a better disguise to be iconic, while no one until now could defuse the contributions of arbitrariness of their formation. From the above investigations, it can be seen that arbitrariness and iconicity interact in the whole process of language development at the level of lexicon. If there were no arbitrariness, human language could not expand at the very beginning.

因此可做如下推论：在语言产生之初，简单语言符号的产生常常都是有理据的、象似的，但是仍不排除任意性的作用；后来有理据的词无法满足人们生存和发展的要求，人们开始任意地连接声音形象和概念，并约定俗成获得语言符号，此时任意性起主导作用，但是象似性在音义关系中对语言符号的产生起着不可否认的作用；随着社会的发展，人们发现这些词已经不再能满足需要，而创造更多的词也不是很可能，所以人们开始采用一些构词法来创造新的语言符号，此时产生的语言符号往往更具象似性，但其核心仍然是任意的。

Under microcomputer circumstance a human-interactive graphic system is developed. An algorithm for hidden line removal based on improved appel algorithm and an algorithm for fast shaded graph are presented.

在表达比较复杂的零件内部结构时，设计和实现了一个任意三维形体阶梯剖切算法，可以对任意零件实体进行任意方向、任意位置连续的多刀剖切，并且剖切操作方便。

Based on the fundamental principles of the improved method mentioned above, multi-functional computation software package, which can be used to analyze effectively the interference effects of random flaws in plane problem, boundary problem and space problem, is compiled and a number of problems involved in the interference effects of different kinds of flaws such as random equal length through-cracks, random branched throughcracks, random unequal length through-cracks, random holes to through-cracks, unequal length edge cracks, equal length and distance multiple edge cracks, random notches with different aspect ratio, random notch to edge crack, non-coplanar surface cracks with different aspect ratio, staggered surface cracks, surface crack to embedded crack and embedded cracks near free boundary are analyzed and computed by the package.

依据上述改进法的基本原理，本文编制了能有效地分析平面问题，边界问题及空间问题的任意缺陷群相互干涉效应的多功能计算软件包。据此，本文分析计算了各类缺陷群。诸如，任意等长裂纹群。任意折裂纹群；任意不等长裂纹群，任意孔与裂纹群，不等长边裂纹群。等长等间距多裂纹群，任意形状比缺口群，任意缺口与边裂纹，非共面不同形状比表面裂纹群，交错型表面裂纹群，表面裂纹与埋藏裂纹群及自由边界附近埋藏裂纹群等的相互干涉效应问题。

Presenting a theorem of one dimensional time multiplying ,also a demonstration to the theorem which says that Any point in 3 dimensional spaces of the universe at an certain universal moment possesses equivalent physical quantities of one dimensional time that is equal to total amounts of one dimensional time of the universe at same universal moment; Any point in 3 dimensional spaces of the universe at an certain universal moment , its possessed physical quantities of one dimensional time has an constant ratio with respect to one dimensional space , which is universally equal to space time impedance.

给出了一维时间增殖定理及其证明。该定理指出：在任意宇宙时刻，宇宙三维空间中任意一点具有的一维时间物理量量值均相等并等于在该宇宙时刻宇宙具有的一维时间物理量总量；在任意宇宙时刻，宇宙三维空间中任意一点的一维时间物理量的一维空间变化率均相等且恒等于时空阻抗。

Basing on electromagnetism theory characteristic of light wave, the formula of the relation of refringence e light is inferred under any axis location and any angle, when it is refracting.

基于平面光波在晶体中传播的电磁理论特性，推导了光波在晶体表面折射时，双折射光波中e光线透过晶体出射点的位置受到任意光轴取向、任意入射角影响的关系式；利用MATLAB对关系式进行了数值计算分析，绘出双折射e光与任意光轴取向、任意入射角关系曲线，并给出了对应的定量关系式；实验验证了该公式是正确的。

If A is a spectrally arbitrary pattern and no proper subpattern of A is spectrally arbitrary, then A is a minimally spectrally arbitrary pattern.

如果谱任意模式A的任意一个真子模式都不是谱任意的，则称A为极小谱任意的。

Sign pattern A is minimally spectrally arbitrary if it is spectrally arbitrary but is not spectrally arbitrary if any nonzero entry of A is replaced by zero.

如果一个谱任意符号模式的任意非零元被零取代后所得到的符号模式不是谱任意，那么这个谱任意符号模式称为极小谱任意符号模式。

On the basis of Prof. S. Knothe's expression for arbitrary point in subsidence trough, the equations are derived with probabilistic integration for calculation of slope, curvature, horizontal movement, horizontal deformation, torsion and form deformation at arbitrary direction and point in subsidence trough.

本文在克诺特建立的地表下沉盆地任意点表达式的基础上，导出用概率积分法计算下沉盆地任意点任意方向的倾斜、曲率、水平移动、水平变形、扭曲和形变公式，并得出主剖面计算公式是任意点任意方向移动与变形计算公式的特例。

In this paper, a lot of research works of algorithms of mining CAD has been done. Many important mine specialty graph operation algorithms have been put forward. The main results are as follows: polygons cut out algorithm, two close polygons mutual, merge and subtract algorithm, polygon vector fill, any vector polygons area calculating and sequence polygons or multifold which has the direction and region area calculating, curve smoothing, graph element search for any region, graph element attrib collect in any region, parallel polygon or vector intersection-point push out or pull in, ore reserves and grade calculating for any type polygon, mine spatial data searching and boundary line tracking and automatic link algorithm etc.

论文在矿山图形算法研究方面做了大量的工作，提出了许多有价值的矿山专业图形运算算法，主要算法有：多边形裁剪算法、闭多边形的加、减、并算法、多边形的矢量填充算法、任意有向多边形、有向多连域、有向多边形序列面积算法、多种曲线光滑算法、任意区域的图元搜索算法、任意区域图元属性提取算法、多边形平行外推/内缩算法、任意多边形储量品位计算、矿山空间数据搜索算法、界线的自动追踪和连接等。

Both of the principles and their algorithms are tested by digital simulating tests. Finally, in order to simulatively test the protective property of microcomputerbased relay protections, a new power swing digital model is established using the calculation of BPAEMTP. New principles have been put forward in this process to solve two problems: One is to set up a new voltage simulating and control module for a multi-machine system in TACS of BPAEMTP.

应用系统振荡模型可以准确地模拟多机系统的任意实际振荡过程；应用BPAEMTP的振荡中故障模型可以计算任意网络、任意系统振荡过程中的任意故障（任意时刻、任意位置、任意故障类型），还很好地解决了初始稳态问题，此外模型可以计算任意长的数据窗。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。