价格下降

A Market in Backwardation 逆势价差市场 When futures prices are progressively lower in the distant delivery months than the spot month price.

相对即期合约的价格来说，期货价格随着合约不断往远月的推进而不断下降。

Some industry watchers believe iron-ore prices could beas much as 30% lower than 2008 levels, which could put downward pressureon steel prices.

一些行业观察人士相信，铁矿石价格可能会较2008年水平下降至多30%，从而给钢铁价格施加下行压力。

The inadequacy of specific hedges, something known as "basis risk", also came as a shock to many. A corporate bond and a cash-collateralised credit-default swap written on the same company ought to offset each other—if the company looks likely to default, the bond will fall and the swap rise.

由于具体的套期保值不当造成的基差风险也让很多人大为震惊，同一家公司的企业债券及其现金担保的信用违约互换（cash-collateralised credit-default swap，CDS）11本应相互抵消：比如，如果某公司可能资不抵债，那么其债券价格将下降，而CDS的价格会上升。

For example, the bulk commodity prices, oil prices fell from the highest 140 U.S. dollars now below 70 U.S. dollars, will make a lot of China's manufacturing costs; In addition, the majority of Chinese products is a necessity, the demand elasticity of the small decline in exports may be low than expected.

例如，大宗商品价格，原油价格从最高的140美元已经低于70美元，将是中国的制造成本很多，此外，我国大部分产品是必需的，需求弹性小在出口的下降可能会比预期的低。

Qiang believes that the current environment at home and abroad, international crude oil, grain and gold transactions, such as bulk commodity prices have been dropped , To reduce the pressure on domestic prices.

强认为，在国内外，国际原油，粮食和黄金交易，如大宗商品价格，目前的环境已经下降，为了减少国内价格压力。

The major findings include:(1) By using fuel as the base indicator of relative efficiency, we found the following input factors' distribution inefficiency for domestic airlines: The distribution inefficiency of labor and capital input factors differs from airline to airline, and is becoming more severe with time; the distribution inefficiency of other factors does not differ very much among airlines but varies with time. It is inefficient from 1989 to 1995 but becomes more efficient during 1996 to 1997;(2) Airline companies have higher economies of density before 1996, but tend to show a constant return to density in 1997 when considering allocative distortions. The technical efficiency of input factors as a whole has declined after the open-air policy;(3) The costs of airlines are increasing significantly due to their distribution inefficiencies;(4) The instrument variable generated through a quasi price function does not have significant influence on cost; this may imply that airline companies in this time period did not exhibit the phenomena of high-quality high-price.

其主要结论如下：(1)藉由相对燃油分配效率探讨各投入要素之分配扭曲情形发现：劳动和因定投入要素之分配无效率因公司别而有所不同，且随时间而严重，唯民国86年稍有改善；其他要素之分配无效率则较不因公司别而有所不同，但亦随时间发生变化，初期为无效率，在民国85、86年则较具效率；(2)若考虑分配扭曲情形下，国内航空业在民国85年之前具有较高之密度经济，民国86年则趋向固定密度报酬；此整体投入要素之技术效率而官，在天空开放政策后其技术效率随时间变化而下降，但就燃油投入要素平均技术进步率而言，则其技术效率逐年增加且幅度明显；(3)航空公司因分配无效率所造成成本增加的情形相当明显；(4)准价格工具变数对成本之影响并不明显，此可能反映在此期间国内航空公司似乎并未趋向於高品质高价格之现象。

In real estate prices rising at the same time, China's prices are on the decline.

在房地产价格上升的同时，中国的价格却在下降。

He says airlines will have to make sacrifices to keep from going under, but he says the one area they will not short-change is safety.

他说，油价下降对航空业有好处，但这并不够。他说，燃油价格下跌带来的好处被需求下降和收入减少所抵销。

The financial crisis also led to other production costs come down, the coal from 1,200 yuan / ton down to 700 yuan, overseas freight from 150 yuan / ton fell more than 40 U.S.

而金融危机也导致其他生产成本下降，煤由1200元/吨降至700元，海外运费由150元/吨降至40多美元，人工费、包装桶费用也有较大幅度下降；另一方面，公司之前主动与欧洲几大老客户签订购销合同，价格比去年同期上升了约150美元/吨。

The upturn following a decline is often shortlived and prices might resume their decline.

复苏后下降往往是昙花一现，价格可能恢复下降。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。