价值观念

This chapter is divided into three sections, section I, as a "Creative intention of practical", which runs through the Qing Dynasty,"Lao Zi" annotation in the face of "Dao De Jing", and to explore the practical in the point of view of social values; The second section as "The study of the inherit in the relationship between Confucius and Lao Zi", explain that the Qing Dynasty "Dao De Jing" annotator since the Song and Ming inherited "The merge of Confucianism and Taoism" concept, from the clarification of the relationship between the Confucianism and Taoism to of sure the value of "Dao De Jing"; the third section for the "Merger of three religions and integration of China and Western Academic" explain the harmonization is the characteristics of Chinese culture.

本章共分为四节，第一节为「经世致用的创作意图」，由此贯串清代《老子》注家在面对《老子》一书的主要面向，以入世、实用的角度发掘老子的社会价值；第二节为「孔老关系的承袭论述」，说明清代《老子》注家承袭宋明以来「孔老会通」的观念，由儒、老之间关系的厘清与定位，肯定《老子》一书的价值；第三节为「佛老思想的交融互释」，突显此时以佛解老的注作大多依附於三教思想的汇流之中；第四节为「三教融合与中西会通」，说明融通是中国文化的特色，在三教融合的思想承继之上，此时的知识份子在西方武力与文化的侵略之下，开始以西学为参照，探寻《老子》的现代化意涵。

This chapter tries to solve the following issues:as theconscious awareness of law-makers,the penalty-crimerelationship determines how to make law;as the form ofideas,the penalty-crime relationship regulates and guidesthe process of law-making and judicature;penalty andcrime as provided by law is nothing but the model for thepenalty-crime relationship presupposed and defined bylawmakers;the presupposition and definition of thepenalty-crime relationship is the value-based evaluativeactivity on the grounds of cognition;the change invalue-based criteria and the inherent contradiction of theobjective to beevaluated is the fundamental precondition for the definitionof the penalty-crime relationship;the change in classcontradiction is the basic cause for the change inevaluative criteria;the change in the objective to theevaluated reflects the demands and interests of the rulingclass to a certain extent,and lastly;as the evaluativeform of negating crime,penalty and its effectiveness dependheavily on the unity of compulsiveness and justice.

文章论述了刑罪关系作为立法者的自觉意识决定着刑事立法；刑罪关系作为观念的形式，规束并引导着立法和司法，法律中规定的犯罪与刑罚，是立法者设定的刑罪关系范式；刑罪关系的设定是以认识为基础的价值评价活动，价值标准的变动性和评价对象的内在矛盾性，是刑罪关系设立的根本前提，指出了阶级矛盾的变化是导致评价标准不确定的根本原因；评价对象的转移，在一定程度上反映出统治阶级利益的需要。刑罚作为对犯罪否定评价的方式，其有效性在于强制性与正义性的统一。

The "Experiment" generation of artists broke through the traditional aesthetic value system of the ink painting, and their exploration to rebuild the way of ink painting language through borrowing modern artistic concepts highlighted a cultural criticism, while the next generation of creators have vaguely presented a value orientation rather alien to that of the "Experiment" generation in their expression of contemporary emotions, experience and cognition as well as their construction of sensitivity and criticalness of contemporary cultural expression through the language of ink painting.

如果说"实验"一代艺术家们打破了水墨的传统审美价值体系，他们借鉴现代艺术观念重建水墨话语方式的探索突显出一种文化批判精神的话，那么，当下一些创作者在水墨语言对当代情感、经验、认知的表现力，对当代文化表达的敏锐性和批判性等方面的建构，则隐约显现出了与"实验"一代相异的价值取向。

The early Marxists who animadverted on the concept of Pre-modernity and bourgeois modernity builded initial modern culture full of nationality and founded the basic value standards and theoretic methods of literature study.

早期马克思主义者批判了前现代性观念和资产阶级现代性观念，初步建设了具有民族性的现代性文化，确立了文学研究的价值尺度和理论方法。

In the intertwined sense of tradition and modernity, they questioned the meaning of life, when were not recognized by the society, their state of mind would fall into contra dictions.

他们有实现自我价值的强烈愿望，但无法在传统和现实观念的交错和冲突中寻求到平衡，于是只能在对传统观念的妥协和认同中既彷徨又呐喊。

On the basis of analyzing the different wedding etiquettes,this paper is to find out the interior factors that leads to the causes and different historical backgrounds.

影响中西方婚礼差异的因素主要有四个：宗教观念，价值取向，行为规范，人们的思维模式，其中最重要的是宗教观念。

The pathway of course of Wolfflin's theory research had begun with the research to classicality art and the spiritual of civil, and gradually it belongs to a concept of the multiple cultures. This concept is the two sides of understanding which advocated by the ripeness applicability value of the style and the historic creed in every nation, every individual'creating and understanding. The unification of the two sides responded the dispute about the connection between the fact and the value. it had taken the view of creating perfection into a course of invariable, can be seen in the practice of art activity. Not only had his research provided a excisions illumination with the development of the emersion art, but also provided the integrated theory and a important visual angle to represent the development of modern occident art and China tradition art.

沃尔夫林理论研究的心路历程由对古典艺术和人文精神的研究开始，渐渐归于一种多元文化的观念，这种观念是人文主义普适价值观和历史主义所倡导的对每个民族、每个时代、每一个体的独特创造的理解两个方面，两个方面的统一以独特的方式回应了现代思想中关于事实和价值关系问题的争论，将对审美创造的完美性的永恒的观看，纳入一个永恒的、见之于具体艺术实践的流动过程之中，其研究不但对再现艺术的历史发展做出了卓越的说明，也为系统地表征西方现代艺术、中国传统艺术的发展，以及理解现代科学作为一个文化过程的发展，提供了重要的视角和完整的理论。

They were characterized by vivid racial elements, the adoration of force and the trend of revanchism, all of which obviously reflected a tension between nationalism and liberalism. It can be attributed to the radical political context and the ideal context affected by the blend of traditional ethnic consciousness and the external theories of state and nationalism, both of which lead to the tension between nationalism and liberalism in modern China.

本文从民族话语的传播媒介和作为话语构建主体的知识分子的分化与组合入手，分析拒俄事件中知识分子对民族主义的学理性阐释，对民族共同的敌人的塑造以及民族集体记忆的搭建和民族情绪的渲染，归纳其民族话语建构中种族因素突出，强力崇拜和复仇主义倾向明显的集体主义种族民族主义特质，进而由知识分子深陷的激进政治语境、边缘化过程中的群体特质，以及传统族群意识与外来进化理念、人种学说、国家观念、民族主义理论交汇而成的观念语境出发，结合经世致用与道德取向的知识人传统，探讨知识精英民族话语建构中种族民族主义倾向掩盖自由主义价值追求的缘由。

College students, as the largest internet consumers and users with unique psychological characteristics, are deeply influenced by the network-a two-blade sword. Network equips them with new ideas, enormous knowledge and creative way of thinking, greatly influencing their behavioral patterns, value orientation, mental development as well as moral conceptions and thus giving rise to lots of mental problems.

大学生作为最大的网络群体，因其特殊的心理特征，受到了网络这把&双刃剑&的深刻影响，网络既给他们带来了全新的观念、丰富的知识和创新的思维，也对其行为模式、价值取向、心理发展、道德观念等产生着巨大的冲击，并催生了许多心理问题。

However, Whitehead rejected any static point in his organic theory. So Whitehead regarded the point as idea form .Both actual occasion and actual entity are made up of these idea forms、value and eternal object.

但是，怀特海反对机体哲学中存在着静止的点，所以，他把事件这个点描绘成观念图式，而现实体又是由观念图式、价值和永恒客体等内容相融合的复合体。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。