仲裁条约

Arbitration under the auspices of ICSID is similarly one of the main mechanisms for the settlement of investment disputes under four recent multilateral trade and investment treaties (the North American Free Trade Agreement, the Energy Charter Treaty, the Cartagena Free Trade Agreement and the Colonia Investment Protocol of Mercosur).

ICSID 主持的仲裁同样也是最近四个多边贸易与投资条约规定的投资争端解决的主要机制之一，这四个多边条约分别是北美自由贸易区协议 NAFTA ，能源宪章条约 ECT ，喀他赫纳自由贸易协定和科隆外资投资草案。

Under the pressure of the United States, Venezuela accepted the Anglo-American agreement and signed arbitration treaty with Great Britain in Washington. In 1899, the arbitration tribunal defined the boundary line between Venezuela and British Guiana.

在美国的压力下，委内瑞拉与英国签订了《华盛顿条约》，接受了英美达成的协议。1899年，仲裁法庭裁定了委内瑞拉与圭亚那的边界线。

Investment treaty ; umbrella clause ; state contract ; investment treaty arbitration ; NGOs

投资条约；保护伞条款；国家契约；投资条约仲裁；非政府组织

The betterand needing more patience model is joint interregional commercial arbitration or interregional treaty.

更佳的、但因此更需要耐心的模式选择乃是区际联合商事仲裁或者区际条约模式。

The model of bilateralagreements, the model of independent legislation, the model of joint interregional commercial arbitration and the model ofinterregional treaty are the four models can be chosen to recognize and enforce arbitral awards among the fourjurisdictions.

双边协议模式、自主立法模式、区际联合商事仲裁模式和区际条约模式是我国四法域之间承认和执行彼此仲裁裁决的可供选择的四种模式。

The dissertation will introduce the background of the crisis, trying to find out the reasons, discussing the measures Argentina taken in the international arbitral tribunals, the means will be taken in the courts of Argentina. The dissertation points out that the economic crisis directly caused the international investment arbitration crisis and the investment law reformation constitutes the basic reason. In the late 1990, Argentina signed lots of Bilateral Investment Treaties, which abandoned the Calvo Doctrine, accepted the jurisdiction of ICSID, and accorded the foreign investors high level protection.

通过考察，本文指出阿根廷经济危机是阿根廷国际投资仲裁危机的直接原因，阿根廷国际投资法律自由化改革是阿根廷国际投资仲裁危机的根本原因。20世纪90年代末期，阿根廷签订的双边投资条约背弃了卡尔沃主义，完全接受了国际投资仲裁机构的管辖权，并给予外国投资者高标准的保护。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。