以太网

Base on the anterior analysis, this paper gives an introduction to the research and development work on industrial Ethernet abroad, and makes a comment on the methods which are used to syncretize the technologies of fieldbus and Ethernet.

在此基础上，本文介绍了国外在工业以太网方面的研发工作，总结了各家现场总线对以太网技术的整合方法以及各自的优缺点。

This paper designed a small volume teledata transmission device to connect the Ethernetwhich had the IP address,realized the embedded system and the Ethernet communication under the low power loss condition.

设计一种在低功耗条件下接入以太网的具有IP地址的小体积远程数据传输装置，实现嵌入式仪器与以太网的通信。

Thin Ethernet is now the most common Ethernet coaxial cable, though twisted pair is gaining.

瘦以太网现在使用的最多的是以太网同轴电缆，尽管双绞线的使用不断在增加。

Based on the development of Ethernet OAM standards and technologies, this paper analyzes the corresponding protocols, mechanisms, implementations and applications.

这些要求对于传统用于LAN领域的低成本的以太网设备和早期电信级以太网设备来说都难以全部提供或保证。

The technique mentioned above was applied in EPA network to avoid disordering, missing or resending packets effectively, which insure the confirmation and real-time of the packets.

运用该技术使以太网工厂自动化网络有效地避免了乱序、丢包、重发报文等情况，保证了以太网网络中报文传输的确定性和实时性。

One method to solve the problem and extend Ethernet is to connect Ethernet with other WANs by network connectors, such as Bridges.

解决这个问题的一个有效的途径，是用网桥等互连设备将以太网与广域网连接起来，使以太网不再局限在一个较小的范围内。

In this situation, low cost ethernet technology is introduced into metropolitan network. ring network control protocol is also adopted for ring networking. ring network protection technologies are applied to guarantee the manageability and reliability of telecom network. ethernet ring network objectives are defined in the protocol draft itu-t g.8032, and carrier ethernet ring technology is also standardized.

为了适应这一转变，人们将低成本的以太网技术引入城域网络中，同时采用环网控制协议进行环形组网，利用环网保护技术来实现电信网络要求的可管理性及可靠性。itu-t g.8032给出了以太环网的组网目标及定义，规范了电信级以太网环网技术。

Likewise, we often say the telephone modem jacks and S-Video outputs on most laptops are a waste of space, but the MacBook Air goes even further, removing the Ethernet jack (a USB-to-Ethernet adaptor will run you $29) and offloading video output to a pair of included dongles.

同样，我们常常说多数笔记本上的电话线接口、视频输出口都是浪费空间，但是MacBook Air就更进一步将以太网接口(USB-以太网适配器要29美元)移除，把视频输出减轻为一对插头（一个是VGA输出、一个是DVI输出

According to the calibration information, Research and development status of automotive bus network and automotive calibration system is studied and the research significance is generalized. First of all, the collectivity precept for calibration system is designed, the calibration platform is set up based on the XCP Protocol and the calibration object is CAN bus network simulation ECUs. Then how to create the calibration system based on Ethernet and Series communication is expatiated, the communication way from computer to ECUs is introduced and the calibration system is tested. Then how to create the calibration system based on CAN bus communication is expatiated, the design and the interface programme are introduced and the calibration system is tested. At last the platform is used to calibrate the CAN bus network simulation system to regulate the simulation system's topology and communication speed to test the communication protocol's feasibility.

论文首先设计了标定系统的总体方案，以CAN总线实时仿真系统中的节点标定为研究对象，采用XCP协议建立具有串口、以太网和CAN总线三种通讯接口的标定平台；然后，具体开发了基于以太网通讯和基于串口通讯的标定系统，完成了上、下位机部分的软件设计，确定了标定系统在两种通讯方式下的数据处理方法，并分别应用两种标定方式标定下位机仿真系统的参数，让下位机仿真系统在规定的通讯协议和拓扑结构下进行仿真，对所设计的标定系统进行了调试；接着，设计了基于CAN总线通讯的标定系统，完成了CCP协议（&XCP on CAN&）的接口程序设计，并通过混合动力汽车一种拓扑结构的通讯仿真对所设计的系统进行了调试；最后，应用开发的标定系统，对混合动力电动汽车网络通讯协议进行了仿真研究，并根据实验结果进行了分析。

Taking the communication server as the core,the data transmission layer collects data from other intelligent devices with 103 protocols,Modbus protocols,pro-bus protocols or TCP / Modbus protocols,which are converted as dual Ethernet network data and then transmitted to monitoring system and dispatch center via hub.

重点介绍了通信网络的构成，网络管理层基于TCP/IP的以太网络通信，采用站内103通信规约，数据传输层以通信服务器为核心，向下采集其他智能设备数据，支持任何采用103规约及采用Modbus通信规约、pro-bus通信规约或采用TCP/Modbus协议的智能设备，并将采集到的数据转换成以太网双网数据，通过交换机上传至监控系统及调度中心。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。