以全文

As the complete characteristic curves of reversible pump turbine are often used to calculate the instantaneous parameters, this paper studies the characteristic curve and the wicket closure and opening law in pumped storage plants.Chapter 1 presents the importance and the necessity of this study and reviews the previous related research on hydraulic transient process and valve regulation in pumped storage plants.Chapter 2 analyzes the six collected characteristic curves of reversible pumped turbine and studies their diversification from the point of view of specific speed. The six collected discharge and moment curves with maximum efficiency have been fitted to piecewise continuous curves. This curve-fitting procedure is listed.Chapter 3 takes Liyang Pumped storage plant as an example and analyzes the effect of different characteristic curves on regulation guarantee parameters and the variety of its trochoid during the same operation status.Chapter 4 takes three pumped storage plants with different heads as examples and studies the characteristic of coordinated closure with wicket gate and ball valve and its effect on dynamic pressure in the spiral case, inlet pressure in the draft tube and the rise of rotating speed.Chapter 5 summarizes this paper and point out what should be done in the future research.

由于在过渡过程分析计算中，需要频繁利用可逆式机组的全特性曲线推求机组的瞬时参数，所以本文就特性曲线及关闭规律问题进行了研究，其主要内容如下：第1章，指出本文研究的意义和目的，回顾前人对水力过渡过程、抽水蓄能电站及阀调节的研究成果，在此基础上提出本文的研究内容；第2章，针对收集到的六套特性曲线，从比转速的角度出发来研究可逆式机组特性曲线的变化规律；并对六套曲线的最高效率流量和力矩曲线进行分段拟合，得到各分段函数的具体形式，再通过举例说明最高效率曲线的拟合步骤；第3章，以溧阳抽水蓄能电站为实例，分析讨论不同比转速特性曲线对调保参数造成的影响及对于相同工况其轨迹线的变化；第4章，结合高、中、低三水头段抽水蓄能电站，在导叶直线关闭的基础上，研究导叶与球阀协联关闭规律的特点及对蜗壳动水压力、尾水管进口压力及转速上升造成的影响；第5章，总结全文，提出今后研究的重点和方向。

A thesis union search catalog with quite a number of Latin American university members. Some hits with free online full text.

是以拉丁美洲大学较多的电子论文的组织，联合检索的结果是否有网上全文视论文作者及他/她所属大学而定，目前看来比例似乎不少。

This paper, based on investigation study method, has made a legal analysis on the transfer of usufruct in rural housing land.

本文立足于实证调查的研究方法，就农村宅基地使用权的流转进行了法律上的初步分析，全文以"提出问题-分析问题-解决问题"的模式构建文章结构。

Malice the desire to score off my neighbour, to enjoy this purification even as I enjoy the clean voluptuousness of the warm breeze on my skin and the cool support of the water ── No Signposts in the Sea.

原句用的是单部句，是全文的重心主题所在，而to enjoy this purification 又是全句的重心所在，因此要放到句末，以符合层进法的修辞要求。

By summarizing the community factors, like theory determination, vanguard exploration and the photography community and so on, and taking a few key words, such as the time conception, the representative personage and their works, the esthetics pursuance etc, as standard, we can separate the sixth generation from such names as the cainozoic generation and the past-fifth generation out, and fix the basic points of the thesis.The esthetics pursuance of the sixth generation is the emphasis of the thesis, mainly incarnating the innovation of their theme selection, narrative strategy and image style, In the aspect of the theme selection, the sixth generation exhibits the metropolis fragment and the autoecious person through angles of the modern rock-and-roll, the city feeling and the fringe citizen, avoiding the theme of the fifth generation and the traditional film esthetics points, pays attention to the sub-culture of city.

第六代导演在90年代初登上中国影坛，通过概括这一创作群体的&群体性&因素，如理论自觉、先锋探索、拍摄群体等，再就是以时间概念、代表人物及代表作、美学追求等几个关键词作为标准，可以把&第六代&这一称谓从&新生代&、&后五代&等众多称谓中析出，明确全文的论述基点。

The author makes the whole text's translation the base for this study, on which he makes appropriate commendatory.

作者以翻译全文的方式作为这个研究的主干，并在此基础上作了适量的评述。

In this paper, real estate price formation mechanism, characteristics and its influencing factors are summarized descript as the theoretical foundation of the full text.

本文首先对房地产价格的形成机制、特征以及其影响因素进行了归纳说明，为全文分析奠定理论基础。

The focus of the dissertation lies at exploring the problems of how the meaning of knowledge get lost in traditional teaching and learning which is characterized by teacher telling and students listening and drilling, and how we can recover the meaning of knowledge in learning to overcome the estrangedness of learning and innovating learning in school setting.

全文探讨的核心问题是：在传统的以教师讲授、学生听讲、操练为主要活动的教学中，知识的意义是如何丧失的？

Clinical requirement in dental simulation is firstly analyzed and performance goal of haptic display is proposed. Based on characteristics of human haptics, software system of surgery simulation and force rendering is developed and prototype of surgery simulation system is established using Phantom desktop. Dental exploration and cutting operation in cavity preparation are simulated with haptic and graphical display capabilities.

全文首先通过分析牙科手术模拟的临床需求，提出了力觉显示手术仿真系统的模拟指标；针对操作者触觉生理学特点，基于力觉交互设备Phantom desktop，开发了手术仿真和力觉渲染软件，建立了手术模拟原型试验系统；以牙面探查和牙体预备中的切削操作作为研究对象，实现了力觉和图形集成显示的手术操作过程模拟。

Based on these discussions, the conclusion also tries to illustrate the close reciprocal agency between society and historial studies.

结语，作为全文的终结，旨在阐释十九世纪中国史学变革在理论上的几点认识，以求得对其作出恰如其分的全面准确、客观公正的评价。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。