代谢

The basic principles of drug metabolism and its enzyme are discussed, with an emphases on the interindividual variations and ethnic differences of two monooxygenases (cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 and CYP2C19) and one conjugation enzyme (N-acetyltransferases).

综述近10年来国内外有关药物代谢酶的分子遗传学进展，介绍药物代谢酶的基本概念并重点探讨了具有遗传多态性的两种氧化酶（细胞色素P450酶 CYP2D6 ， CYP2C19）和一种结合酶的个体和种族差异。

These genes were involved in pathways of lipids metabolism, ketone body production, enzymatic and transcriptional regulation, most of which were consistent with results of metabonomic investigation.

肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠转录组学比较发现两组动物肝脏中有近80种基因在转录水平表现出显著差异(≥1.5倍)，差异表达的基因主要涉及到脂质代谢、酮体生成、酶调节和转录调节等代谢通路。

Objective To explore the effect of high serum concentration of bile acids on energy metabolism of liver.Methods Bile acids were continously infused into the Wistar rats to simulate the serum concentration change of patients with obsturctive jaundice.Serum bile acids concentration,arterial blood ketone body ratio and energy charge of liver were determined.Results Aterial blood ketone body ratio and energy charge of liver decreased with the increase of serum bile acids concentration.Conclusion High serum concentration of bile acids plays an important role in hepatic fumction injury caused by biliary obstruction.

目的 探讨高胆汁酸血症单一因素对肝脏能量代谢的影响方法经Wistar大鼠颈内静脉持续给予外源性胆汁酸，升高其外周血清中胆汁酸浓度，模拟阻塞性黄疸患者外周血清中胆汁酸的变化规律，观察腹腔动脉血酮体比值及肝组织能荷变化，时间一周结果随外周血清中胆汁酸浓度的升高，腹腔动脉血酮体比值、肝组织能荷均呈进行性下降结论高胆汁酸血症时肝脏能量代谢受损，表明在阻塞性黄疸患者肝功能损害中高胆汁酸血症起了重要作用

In ketosis, ketones produced by lipid metabolism accumulate in the blood and urine in abnormal amounts, usually because of starvation or a metabolic disease such as diabetes mellitus.

在酮症中，类脂化合物代谢所产生的酮过多地积聚在血液和尿里，通常是由饥饿或糖尿病这类代谢疾病造成的。

The analytical approach/tool of MultipleScale Integrated Assessment of Societal Metabolism, proposed by Mario Giampietro,Kozo Mayumi, et al., based on the congruence among resource "Human Activities", resource "Exosomatic Energy Flows", and "Added Value Flows" in the hierarchical socioeconomic systems, using, in an integrated way, incommensurable variables referring to nonequivalent descriptive domains(coming from various scientific disciplines) and data gathered at distinct hierarchical levels, addresses the various relevant dimensions of societal development and sustainability.

社会代谢多尺度综合评估"分析方法，根据"人类活动"资源、"体外能"资源和"增加值三者在社会经济系统中的叠合关系，将各个尺度（如国家、经济部门、次级部门、省/州、社区、直至个别家庭）上，社会经济系统的能量代谢过程，与该系统的经济、人口（如人口的年龄结构和性别构成）、生态和社会（如义务教育和退休年龄的规定）特征结合起来，利用多个关系式，计算出社会经济系统的人类活动量、体外能投入量、劳动生产率、生物—经济压力和体外能超循环强度等参数、指标，进而综合地分析评估社会经济系统发展与可持续性。

Some enzymes related to neurotransmitter metabolism, lipoid metabolism, cell secretion or membrane activity were the greatest in nerve tissue.

与神经递质代谢有关的酶、与旨类代谢有关的酶、与细胞分泌及膜活动有关的酶在神经组织中含量最高。

The content of microelement Se、Zn、Cu、Fe metabolize in Chronic liverish are abnormal. Our results indicate that it is important significance for diagnosis and treatment of Chronic liverish through analyses of metabolic change of the microelement.

慢性乙肝患者血清中微量元素硒、锌、铜、铁代谢均明显异常，通过对这些微量元素的代谢分析，对慢性肝病的诊断和治疗具有重要临床意义。

This experiment was conducted to study the reasons of bovine low performance from one aspect of major matter and energy metabolism in high altitude regions. The index of nitrogen equilibrium, energy material, macroelement, microelement, ADE, AME, absorbance of phosphorus, MEm, average daily gain etc. were analyzed by field test and sampling.

为从主要物质和能量代谢方面揭示高海拔引起牛生产性能低下的问题，利用实地测试取样，对西藏农区14头牛的N平衡、能量物质、主要常量元素、微量元素、FHP、ADE、AME、P沉积、MEm、日增重等代谢指标进行了分析。

Defects in energy metabolism are increasingly considered as a important determinant in the progression of heart failure. Promisingly, pharmacotherapy might be targeted at metabolic adaptation and maladaptation of the heart.

心脏能量代谢的缺陷越来越被认为在心衰的进展中起着重要的决定性作用，心脏的代谢适应和适应不良是很有前景的药物治疗新靶点。

"All of these symptoms, and the underlying processes behind these symptoms that we're seeing in these dragonflies, are pretty much identical to what you see in mammalian metabolic syndrome and obesity," said Marden."We're seeing it all relate back to this non-inasie protozoan in the gut."

在蜻蜓观察到的所有症状及症状背后的代谢过程与哺乳动物的代谢综合征、肥胖极其相似" Marden说，"我们认为蜻蜓的这些症状与非侵入性的消化道原虫有关。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失