代位

The system of the obligee's rights of subrogation, which was introduced to our country when making the unified contract law and was purposely innovated in the aspect of the designation of performing the subrogation right's objects,measures and effects in connection with the serious problems existing in the chain default debts and in the obligor's obligation erasion and abolishment.

债权人代位权制度是债的保全方式中的一种，我国在制定《合同法》时将该制度引进，并针对近年来严重存在的三角债以及债务人逃债废债现象，在对行使代位权的客体、方式和效力等方面的设计时，刻意进行了创新。

However, the comparative study on the Creditors' right of subrogation is not enough.

然而，在对债权人代位权制度进行比较研究方面缺乏必要的广度和深度，对我国债权人代位权制度的理论上存在的缺陷以及其在立法实践中出现的问题，也很少有人进行深入的研究。

The results show that the impurity formation energy of substitutional P in γ-matrix atom is lower than that of interstitial one.

结果显示磷在镍基体中以代位方式固溶的杂质形成能低于间隙方式，说明磷在镍基体中更易以代位式固溶。

Subrogation is an archaic and unique system in insurance codices. Through the process of its emergence and the process of its development, so we can deepen our understanding about it.

代位追偿在保险业中是一种古老的制度，通过对它的产生及发展过程的分析，以此加深对代位追偿的理解。

In this thesis, from the aboved starting point, the author sketchily probes into the rationale of the system of the creditor"s right of subrogation, the necessity of the creditor"s right preservation, the status of debtor in litigation, repaying of the creditors right, the validity of the right of subrogation towards debtor.

本文试从该点出发，对我国合同法债权人代位权制度的基本原理以及保全债权的必要性、债务人的诉讼地位、债权的清偿、代位权对债务人的效力等几方面问题进行粗略研究。

The paper goes further into the study of the system so as to present somesuggestions by analyzing, comparing and introspecting.

本文拟通过对代位执行制度及其理论的分析、比较、反思及总结，进而为我国代位执行制度的完善提出一些制度化建议。

The author maintains that the rights regulated in our Contract Law which can and can't be subrogated are too narrow according to the regulations abroad and safeguarding the interests of creditor.

笔者从国外民法的规定和从保护债权人利益出发，认为我国合同法规定的能够代位和不能代位的权利过于狭窄。

Surety's subrogation rights A surety who pays off the debts of another party is subrogated to the creditor's former claims and remedies against the debtor to recover the sum paid.

担保人的代位权担保人谁支付债务另一方是代位债权人的债权和补救措施前对债务人收回的款项支付。

Among the five civil rights,those which cannot be subrogated include exclusive obligatory right for obligor,the aes strum in person,right of person,right of succession and intellectual property.Besides the aes strum due by paying,the aes strum without personality or undue in special situation,jus in rem and right of claim in rem can all be subrogated.

指出五大民事权利中，债权人不得代位行使的权利，除专属于债务人自身的债权外，还有公民的人身权，继承权，民事主体享有的知识产权；除金钱给付内容的到期债权外，只要是不具有人身属性的债权、特定情况下未到期的债权、物权及物上请求权，债权人都可代位行使。

The defect of the system design is obvious.the author suggests that mortgagee should be qualified direct right of claim over subrogating object and definite the related obligation for the obligor of subrogating object,and then perfect other related systems of security law.

物权法中担保物权物上代位制度的设置，并未解决原制度构架中存在的问题和缺陷，建议立法中明确抵押权人对代位物的直接请求权和代位物给付义务人的相关义务，并对担保物权其他相关法律规范加以完善。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。