他律的

First,the aim of education as"human ideal"contains a strong sense of ethic;secondly,the moral of the educational subjects mainly refers to the morality of the teachers who gain their subjectivity in practice;thirdly,ethic functions in the process of education as adjuster,encourager and promoter;fourthly,morality is a key point in school work a...

一是作为"人类理想"的教育目的所蕴含的伦理意蕴，即追求优秀和卓越的美德精神、追求崇高和生命意义的人生智慧、追求他律与自律相统一的道德规范；二是教育主体的伦理规范主要指在实践的伦理道德问题中确证了教育主体地位的教师的道德原则；三是在教育过程中，存在着伦理调节、伦理激励、伦理升华等功能；四是伦理道德作为教育内容，是学校教育实践中的一个核心。

Therefore, this traditional morality can play its role in practical life on one hand, namely, the gains-pursuing and perceptual desire are kept on the right track; but on the other hand, it is characterized by "cheating strangers","heteronomy","non-purity", favors "talents' foresight" and has lost its intrinsic characters: rational consciousness, emotional willingness and saintliness.

道义论遮蔽下的功利主义道德传统，一方面使道义论的道德要求能够在现实生活中得到践履和发挥作用，另一方面使现实生活中的功利追求、感性欲望被控制在道义、理性的轨道上。但是，道义论遮蔽下的功利主义道德传统带有某种"欺生性"、"他律性"、"非纯洁性"的特点，成为"聪明人的远虑"，失去了道德固有的理性自觉、情感自愿的特质。

Literature as a structure of language, as a system of norms, as a social institution, these important theories reveal the modes of existence of literary work of art from the microperspective to the macroperspective systematically. We should understand literature in a system of culture and value, the ontological situs of literature is both autonomous structure of language and heteronomous system of norms, literature is a social institution in a culture-value system.

导入时间之维和&规范&这一价值概念，目的表明，单个文学艺术作品在拥有自身独特的结构方式的同时，又属于某种文学传统，一种文学的&规范系统&，正是这些文学规范或约定俗成的文学惯例，决定了什么是文学作品，并以此构成文学作品存在的&他律性&特征。

The main similarities are: first,they both think Man"s morality develop orderly along one way and persist in "the single-track view" on the relation between thinking and behaviour; secondly,their study spreads out from heteronomous morality to autonomous morality, regards "justice as the study subject.

通过比较后发现，皮亚杰与科尔伯格理论之间最大的相似之处在于都采取心理发展的观点来解释人类道德的形成，主要体现在：第一，二者的道德发展观基本上是一维纵向的，在思维与行为的关系问题上都坚持&单轨论&；第二，二者有关道德发展的研究都围绕从道德他律向道德自律这一主线展开，研究主题均为公正。

The aesthetics is the guide of art teaching art, there are a lot of aesthetics genres both in ancient and modern, China and foreign. Some of them have the most direct influence on art teaching, such as Confucian aesthetics, Taoist aesthetics and Zen aesthetics, heteronomous aesthetics, autonomy aesthetics, hermeneutic aesthetics and art sign aesthetics. We can get help from these theories to scan art teaching art, how to obey the character of appreciation beauty, how to follow the nature of the art, how to unseal the students taste mentality skillfully, how to show the artistic charm properly and all rounds.

艺术教学艺术需要美学的引领，古今中外有着许多的美学流派，其中中国的儒家美学、道家美学和禅宗美学，国外的他律美学与自律美学、解释学美学与接收美学以及艺术符号美学对艺术教学的影响最直接，从它们那里获得的启迪，都帮助本文审视艺术教学艺术，如何遵从了艺术的审美品格，如何尊重了艺术的本质，如何巧妙地开启学生的审美心理，恰当地全面地为学生展示艺术的魅力。

The basic idea is to make party's internal operation mechanism healthy with integration of the from above to bottom supervision and that from bottom to above; to construct the wholly-coursed supervision and restriction mechanism with integration of the supervision before, in and behind the matter; to construct all-sided supervision and restriction mechanism with integration of party's internal and external supervision, and to construct the supervision and restriction mechanism of comprehensive governance with integration of self-restriction and outer-restriction, rule of law and rule of morality.

基本思路为：把自上而下的监督和自下而上的监督有机结合，健全党内监督的运行机制；把事前、事中、事后监督有机结合，建立全程化的监督制约机制；把党内监督和党外监督有机结合，建立全方位的监督制约机制；把自律和他律、法治和德治有机结合，建立综合治理的监督制约机制。

The basis reasons which cause this separation are due to the "gap"located in the course of transfer from the ethical other-discipline to selfdiscipline, and from the person morals to the social morals in the period of economic transformation, and"technicalization"of ethics in the traditional culture of China.

本文具体分析了我国和西方文化传统对于以伦理道德规范制约技术应用的不同理解，揭示了技术应用脱离道德制约的现实表现，分析了这种背离的根本原因在于经济转型期由道德&他律&向道德&自律&，由&私德&向&公德&的转换出现&空档&，以及传统文化中&道&的&术化&。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐