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It will not only contribute to change fundamentally the narrow orientatio n of philosophy of science, thus extricating itself from the existing pred icament,but also widen greatly the field of vision in the research of phil osophy of science,thus opening up very broad prospects for the development of philosophy of science.

从科学哲学到科学文化哲学，不仅有助於从根本上改变科学哲学的狭隘定位，从而使其走出现有的困境，而且还将大大拓宽科学哲学的研究视野，从而为科学哲学的发展开辟颇为广阔的前景。

It will not only contribute to change fundamentally the narrow orientatio n of philosophy of science, thus extricating itself from the existing pred icament,but also widen greatly the field of vision in the research of phil osophy of science,thus opening up very broad prospects for the development of philosophy of science.

从科学哲学到科学文化哲学，不仅有助于从根本上改变科学哲学的狭隘定位，从而使其走出现有的困境，而且还将大大拓宽科学哲学的研究视野，从而为科学哲学的发展开辟颇为广阔的前景。

The steps of the mold method are as follows: the mold tool stack is closed to form the cavity; the valve is opened to allow resin to enter the cavity; the valve is closed; the resin is allowed to cool; and the mold tool stack is opened to allow removal of the plastic overcap from within the mold tool stack.

模制方法的步骤如下：关闭模制工具叠箱以形成空腔；打开阀门从而允许树脂进入空腔；关闭阀门；冷却树脂；打开模制工具叠箱从而允许从模制工具叠箱中取出塑料罐盖。

On one hand, the individual subject enjoys the free right of passivism avoiding being interfered and limiting, which ensures personal free and sufficient development, thus will shoulder the responsibility of exercising positive free right, taking care of the social vulnerable groups , improving the social welfare level, and realizing the social harmonious and benign development on the other hand.

个体主体一方面享有免于干涉和限制的消极自由权利，从而保障个人的自由、充分发展，另一方面也负有行使积极自由权利的责任，关照社会弱者，提高社会福利水平，从而实现社会和谐、良性发展。

The damage represents complex mechanism. In this research based on T300/HT3 laminate structure, fatigue life is predicted phenomenologically, dealing mainly with in-plane stresses without accounting for out-of-plane failures such as craze. Fatigue modulus, based on damage mechanics, is used as a physical parameter which helps to describe the basic fatigue behaviors of unidirectional laminates and obtain expressions for cumulative damages defined by strains and stress. Based on some typical fatigue test data for unidirectional composite laminates, residual modulus sequence is found out.

本文以T300/HT3复合材料层压结构为研究对象，从唯象的观点出发，以损伤力学为基础构造损伤函数，考虑了剩余刚度和应变比率对复合材料的疲劳性能的影响，以这些变化着的机械性能作为损伤变量，建立了复合材料的疲劳损伤模型，基于层压板拉—拉疲劳试验数据，拟合出损伤模型中的参数，从而得到层压板拉—拉疲劳损伤变化规律，并建立损伤变量与内部损伤及疲劳寿命的联系，从而预测常幅应力作用下疲劳寿命。

Photothermic and photochemical action will be triggered by the radiation of IPL. On one hand, IPL will promote collagen reproducing and recombining which makes the skin more flexible and smooth. On the other hand, the light with long wavelength can easily pass through epidermis layer and will be absorbed selectively in priority by pathological pigments which will be destroyed by high heat, and get the effect of remove pigmentations, vascular lesions and unwanted hair.

当强脉冲光照射皮肤时，会产生生物刺激作用和光热解作用，一方面使皮肤中的胶原纤维和弹力纤维再生并重新排列，恢复皮肤弹性，从而减轻皱纹；另一方面，强脉冲光能穿透皮肤，被组织中的病变色素团优先选择性吸收，热能在不破坏正常皮肤组织的前提下，击碎病变色素团，从而达到治疗毛细血管扩张，祛除色斑，和脱除多余毛发的效果。

Objective:The study mainly utilize the raphanus which is a edible Chinese officinal herb and has little side-effect, easily accepted, steadly effect, and so on, to exploit its pharmacological value on gastrointestinal motility. By observing the effects of the crude extract of radishon the electrogastrogram,gastric emptying and small bowel peristalsis activity of the rats in vivo ,the effects of Ecr on gastrointestinal motility could be manifested. Furthermore, the contrast study about the effects of gastrointestinal motility was also observed among Ecr domperidone and prepulsid. The mechanism was explored by observing Ecr on the expression of Fos protein of the dorsal vagal complex.

目的：本研究主要利用十字花科萝卜属植物白萝卜作为食源性中药，具有副作用少、易被接受、作用稳定等特点，通过白萝卜提取物(The crude extract of radish，Ecr)对在体大鼠胃排空、肠推进、胃电活动的观察，并与经典的促胃肠动力药物进行对比观察，研究提取物对大鼠胃肠动力的作用；进一步通过研究提取物对大鼠中枢支配胃运动的迷走复合体(Dorsal vagal complex，DVC)中Fos蛋白表达的影响，从而反映DVC被激活的情况，来探讨白萝卜提取物促进胃肠动力的机制，从而为其在胃肠动力相关的功能性疾病的治疗上的应用提供实验基础和理论依据。

This intormation is combined in the structure of a Bayesian Graph so as to identify unknown or unpredictable faults. The final experiment results show the intelligent agent can detect network abnormal behavior before a fault actually occurs. Event correlation algorithm for network fault real-time isolation and handle uses object-oriented model method for critical network device and a novel coding scheme, even if in the case of lost alarm and wrong one, it also can identify the fault origin and automatically adapts to changes to network topology to ensure seemless scalability to large and complex network environment. Its performance greatly presides over traditional rule-based event management system.

对学习获得的信息经由贝叶斯图加以组合，从而签别未知的或不可预见的故障，实验结果表明智能监测代理系统能够在故障发生以前检测网络异常行为；用于网络故障问题实时隔离和处理的事件关联算法使用面向对象的针对的网络关键设备的建模方法和新型编码技术，即使在丢失报警和错误报警的情况下，亦能精确地标识故障源，并能自动适应网络拓扑的改变，从而保证无缝地伸缩到专用大型和复杂网络环境中，其性能大大优于传统的基于规则识别的事件关联系统。

Therefore, it can be regarded as a great improvement of the investment decision-making theory and methods .This article makes a systematic research on real options theory and method and its application, including the following several main aspects:Firstly, it makes a detailed discussion about the common theoretical basis of financial options and real options, including no-arbitrage equilibrium principle, risk-neutral definition, complete market and dynamic tracking.Secondly, it analyze three basic characteristic of investment decision-making in modern market economic system: irreversibility, uncertainty and flexibility, and from the angle of their mutual quantitative and qualitative interactions, it makes a comparison between the traditional NPV methods and real options methods and makes a summary of the general analytical methods of real options.Thirdly, it discusses the all elements in the application of real options such as the ^leakages in value of real assets, basis risk, and private risk, and furthermore, it attempts to put forth a normalized strategy of its application and construct a basic framework of its application.Fourthly, it applies real options theory to strategetic investment of enterprises and the buy-out of company, putting forth a value model for strategetic investment program and making a concrete analysis of its application to buy-out. Furthermore, it advocates that a flexible investment decision-making system should be setup according to real options theory in our country.

本文对实物期权理论和方法及其应用进行了系统研究，主要内容包括如下几个方面：(1)详细讨论了金融期权和实物期权共同的理论基础，主要包括无套利均衡原理、风险中性定义、完全市场以及动态复制方法，对这些理论方法的探讨既是本文的出发点和基础，它们提供了研究实际应用实物期权的一个基准点，也是贯穿全文的线索和灵魂；(2)分析了现代市场经济体系中投资决策的三个基本特征即不可逆性、不确定性和时机选择，并从它们数量上和质量上相互作用的重要意义的角度，分析了传统的净现值法与实物期权方法的差异，指出了净现值法在不确定环境中存在的缺陷及实物期权处理投资灵活性的价值，并将净现值法纳入实物期权投资分析决策体系当中，总结了企业投资决策实物期权的一般分析方法；(3)探讨了实物期权应用中要考虑的各种要素，如实物资产的价值漏损、基差风险和非市场风险等，并进一步提出了实物期权应用的规范化策略和构建了一个实际应用实物期权方法的基本框架，尝试将期权的基本原理与企业在现实经济环境中投资决策的要素结合起来，从而可以在一定程度上超越期权的复杂的数学计算而汲取期权思想的精华，从而促进期权决策方法在实际投资决策中的应用；(4)将实物期权方法应用于企业战略投资，得出了战略投资项目的价值模型，指出可以将实物期权理论和方法应用于企业并购，分析了应用的具体方面，并提出应根据实物期权理论建立一套适合我国企业的灵活的投资决策系统。

Pretrial conference is an important and unique litigation regulation ofAmerica. It has two main purposes: firstly, to identify and narrow issues, toestablish schedule of the case, to facilitate trial and improve efficency of thelitigation;secondly, to helo parties to understand the strongness and weaknessof their claims and defences, to help parties to reach settlement to resolve thecase.

审前会议是美国民事诉讼中重要而又独特的一项诉讼制度，其主要功能包括两个方面：第一，明确和限制案件争点，为整个案件审理确立日程安排，从而便利庭审进行和提高诉讼效率；第二，通过法官主持的审前会议，让当事人充分了解自身主张的强弱和案件的是非曲直，从而促进案件得以和解。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。