从文化角度

This paper reviews the major methodological issues in cross-cultural research,covering topics in research design,measurement,and data analysis.From a design perspective,the paper begins with the use of consilience methods to strengthen causal inferences in cross-cultural research.Th...

作者首先从研究设计的角度分析如何通过汇聚方法加强检验跨文化研究的因果关系的能力，然后分析跨文化研究中测量对等性(measurement invariance/equivalence)问题以及相关的统计方法，最后简要介绍了多层线性模型在跨文化研究中的应用、并讨论跨文化研究方法的发展趋势。

In light of environment science, the unique and complex environment system of culture heritage was studied, and essence of the system was expounded with description of basic characteristics of entireness, difference, instability and multiplicity. The protection of culture heritage was quantitatively assessed with environment capacity and ecological law. General principle for culture heritage protection was also proposed.

从环境科学的角度，对独特而复杂多变的文化遗产环境系统做了较为深入的研究，总结了文化遗产环境系统的基本概念，并阐述了其整体性、差异性、不稳定行、多样性等基本特征；运用环境承载能力、生态学定律等环境科学概念重新考量文化遗产环境系统的保护工作，并创造性的提出了文化遗产环境系统保护的一般性原则。

For a long time, in our country, people fasten on physical cultural heritage, and didn't pay attention to ICH, folklorist and ethnologist had done some work on it, but for kinds of reasons, the information was badly destroyed.

长期以来，我国文化遗产工作者一直注重对有形的物质文化遗产进行收集、整理和研究，对无形的非物质文化遗产关注较少，虽有过民俗学、民族学的一些工作，但由于种种原因，相关资料保存至今较少，从非物质文化遗产保护的角度进行探讨更是新近才开始的，这些工作比国际先行国家落后很多，如在保护制度上，我国2005年才开始"民族民间文化传承人"调查和认证，这比日本的"国家文化财"制度落后了50多年，比联合国教科文组织"活的文化财"保护计划也晚了10多年；在制度和法规的建设，日本、韩国、法国等国家早己建立了保护制度，通过了相关法律，而我国在这方面基本还是空白。

Based on Gudykunst'spsychocultural influences on the process of communication and Farch and Kasper's psychological and strategic model, the paper discusses connotation and interactions of cultural stereotypes, cultural transfer and cultural empathy, and analyzes their influences on intercultural communication strategiesfrom the point of synchronism and levels.

本文以Gudykunst的心理文化对交际过程的影响及Farch和Kasper的心理策略模式为理论基础，解析文化定势、文化迁移、文化移情三个变量的内涵和互动性，从共时和层级的角度分析对跨文化交际策略的隐性影响。

This article is mainly focused on cultural relationship between agricultural peoples and nomadic peoples in ancient China.

本文主要从经济文化类型的角度来讨论中国古代文化中农耕文化与游牧文化的关系、农耕民族与游牧民族的关系。

China deliciosus deliciosus Museum for display of Chinese history and the development of the industry, promote Chinese culture has a long deliciosus of great practical significance 1, deliciosus ----- deliciosus Science Museum Science Museum is a museum Core deliciosus, where the soul from the scientific point of view, to the universal audience deliciosus knowledge, deliciosus is rich in value, is a gift of nature The treasure of humanity, from a scientific point of view, the adoption of specimens, models, three-dimensional landscape, pictures, videos, interactive multi-media technology to display the way to create a lively, and the pro-intellectual context, so that viewers feel lovely natural life, Alas .

中国菇菌博物馆对于展示中国菇菌行业的发展历史、弘扬中国悠久的菇菌文化具有重要的现实意义 1、菇菌科学馆-----菇菌科学馆是整个菇菌博物馆的核心、灵魂所在，从科普的角度，向观众普及菇菌的知识，菇菌有着丰富的利用价值，是大自然赐予人类的瑰宝，从科学的角度出发，通过标本、模型、立体造景、图片、影片、多媒体技术等互动展示手法，营造了一个生动、亲和的知性情境，让观众感受自然生命可爱、可叹之处。

From the perspective of sport and culture, tambourin dance has not only high values in keep-fit,entertainment and artistic aesthetics,but also various social functions,such as inheriting national culture,enhancing national cohesion,and uplifting economic standard.

从体育文化的角度看，长鼓舞不仅具有良好的健身、娱乐和艺术审美价值，而且还具有传承民族文化、增强民族凝聚力、提升经济水平等多种社会功能，在揭示长鼓舞体育文化社会功能的同时，还对长鼓舞文化资源的开发利用进行了探讨。

This article from the Chinese point of view of traditional cultural resources on the Chinese traditional culture in modern management and reflect the application of analysis and study traditional culture and modern management of organic fit, that should be ferreted out the management of China's modernization of Chinese traditional culture treasure-house resources to absorb China's traditional culture "reasonable core" to promote the management of the development of our country.

本文从中国传统文化资源的角度论述了中国传统文化在现代管理中的体现和运用，分析和探讨传统文化与现代管理有机契合的问题，认为我国现代化管理应该深挖中国传统文化的资源宝库，吸收中国传统文化的&合理内核&，促进我国管理的发展。

All the aesthetic cultural activities are interpreted and analyzed from the angle of concealed code of ideology. A kind of cultural phenomenon iii a dominant position compared to other cultures simply comes down to the "supremacy" of ideology. The influence of commerce on art creation is simply equated with standardization and commonplace, which might make the difference between traditional and universal need and specific political need of contemporary capitalism mixed up, and might make the evolution of commercial culture neglected. Consequently, the inwardness of cultural phenomenon was misapprehended.

但意识形态批判理论在具体运用中有可能产生意识形态泛化的倾向，把所有的审美文化活动都从隐藏的意识形态编码角度进行解读和分析，把一种相对於其他文化处於更优势地位的文化现象简单归结为意识形态的&霸权&，把商业对艺术文化生产的影响简单地等同於标准化和平庸化，有可能混淆传统的或普适的需要与当代资本主义特定的政治需要之间的差别，忽视商业文化的演变，从而造成对文化现象内在性质的误解。

Under the background of educational reform from spreading Chinese traditional sports culture, developing native course, training students lifetime sports view ,cultural globalization of national sports etc.To set out necessity 、 feasibility and advantage to launch folk sports .The author carries on real example investigation and analysis from material aspect about folk sports in FuJian Province middle school ,at the same time describes deeply from non-material aspect , goal , problem that facing of the evolution .Finally the author indicates tentative proposition about Principle and countermeasure to develop folk sports in middle school of FuJian Province .

在教育改革这个大背景下，从弘扬中华民族传统体育文化、发展校本课程和乡土课程、培养学生终身体育观以及民族体育文化全球化等角度出发，对福建省中学开展民俗体育的必要性、可行性和优势进行了论述，并对福建省中学民俗体育课程资源的现状和开发情况从物质层面进行了实证调查与分析，从非物质层面进行了阐述。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。