从文化角度

The thesis applies the Formalistic analysis, Iconology, Semeiology and Stylistics from the study of western fine arts history to the research of lotus image.

本文选取一个具有深刻文化内涵和丰富象征意义的图像——莲花作为主题来进行跨文化的符号意义分析和形态比较，从多个角度和层面来解读莲花图像的起源、成形、风格、象征及其与当时的政治、历史、文化、哲学的关系，从根源上对莲花图像的形式、意义、传播、运用与再创造做系统的分析和研究。

First the formation of composing features is explored with reference to the life experiences of Lehar, the social and cultural background of his age and the development of Viennese operetta; secondly, the composing features are analyzed as to rhythm, melody, instruments device, ensemble and play books; Finally, the work is analyzed from the angle of singing. In this part the style of singing is explained specifically in terms of rhythm, timbre, etc. Also a famous Aria "vilja-lied" in this work is explained in detail and a comparison is made between operetta and opera to impress people with the singing style of operetta in a deeper way.

首先，本文从雷哈尔的生活经历、所处时代的社会文化背景、维也纳轻歌剧的发展来分析《风流寡妇》创作特特征的形成；其次，从节奏、旋律、配器、重唱以及剧本这几个方面来分析作品的创作特征；最后，从演唱的角度分析作品，除了从节奏、音色、起句等方面具体的分析作品的演唱风格外，还对其中的一首著名咏叹调维利亚之歌做了详细地分析，并且从演唱的角度把轻歌剧和歌剧做了一个比较，从而使人们能够更深刻的理解轻歌剧演唱的风格。

From the angles of the exhibition arts emergence, development and designing, the article discusses the relations among exhibition art, designing culture and the aesthetic culture, as well as the affection that the symbols of exhibition plastic arts posed on the pop visitant, thus confirms that, form the theme plot to the scheme design, to the material manufacture and finally the art modeling, the aesthetic and its information play an important role on gene rating and applying the exhibition design symbols.

本文从展示艺术发生、发展、和设计的角度，论述了展示艺术与设讨文化、审美文化的关系以及展示艺术造型语言对大众参观者的审美作用和影响，从而证实了，从展示艺术活动主题策划、方案设计、材料制作到艺术造型展现，审美文化和审美信息在展示设计语言的显现和运用的重要性。

Based on the field work among the Azande and the analysis of ancient Chinese logic and the logic of Buddhism, this paper attempts to provide factual information for the argument for the "culture-based relativity of logic" in a descriptive way. Taking the deductive method as the classical research method, this paper argues for the existence of the culture-based relativity of logic in modern culture and other cultures. The validity of this argument is based on the findings of ethnographic as well as historical studies. This paper also seeks to prove by studying the interactions between different languages and ways of life that the classical research method was also built on cultural relativity.

对阿赞得人的田野考察报告，以及中国古代逻辑和佛教逻辑的研究成果，从描述的角度为&逻辑相对于文化&这一命题提供事实根据；采用演绎论证作为元方法说明现代文化中的逻辑和其他文化的逻辑在现代文化中的译本具有文化相对性；借助民族志和历史学研究成果说明其他文化的逻辑本身也具有的文化相对性；通过语言博弈和生活形式概念说明作为元方法的演绎论证同样具有文化相对性。

Against the background of drying farming culture which is characterized by field burning cultivation, Tuboi Hirofumi reflected on "taro New Year" and "the causes of Japanese choosing rice" from the perspective of folklore, reasoned out the existence of farming system, and established the pluralism theory of "rice cake New Year" vs.

在日本学术界对以火田耕种为代表的旱作农耕文化关注的大背景下，坪井洋文从民俗学的学科角度出发，通过对&芋头正月&、&日本人为何选择了稻米&的思考，推论了旱作农耕文化体系的存在，从同等价值的多元论体系确立了&年糕正月&对&芋头正月&、稻作农耕民文化对旱作农耕民文化的民俗文化多元论学说。

Hui is the main carrier of Islam in the inland of China Historically,It is closely related to the cultural identification of Hui That Islam could take root and burgeon in the inland of China Discussing the problem of the Islam acclimatizing itself to China's Society,from the angle of cultural identification of Hui,may not only clearly know the amalgamation between Islamic Culture and Chinese Culture,and grope a development mode of the Islam in contemporary China society,but also promote the flourish and t...

伊斯兰教在中国内地以回族为主要载体。历史上伊斯兰教所以能够在中国内地扎根发展，与回族文化认同密切相关。从回族文化认同角度探讨伊斯兰教与中国社会相适应问题，不仅可以对伊斯兰文化与中国文化的交汇融合有较清楚的了解，而且可以从现实出发，摸索伊斯兰教在当代中国的发展模式，并进而探求回族社会的进一步繁荣与发展。

I fish mainly from Libo representative in the context of the four food culture, from the ecological environment, social and cultural impact of fish-eating three formation and transmission of cultural elements, some prefer to talk about personal views, which offer to teachers Fuzheng enlighten, thereby drawing insights.

笔者主要从荔波水族具有代表性的四种饮食文化的角度，从生态环境、社会和文化个体三个影响水族饮食文化形成与传承的要素，谈谈个人一些粗浅看法，借以抛砖引玉，以求老师们的斧正指教，借以吸取真知灼见。

On the other hand, the concept of modernization shows indifferent neutrality while westernization has distinct value-orientation. The Western culture is the fruit of long-time exchange and evolvement of human cultures and it still needs to improve itself. The wider modernization expands, the more countries it involves, and the further it departs from westernization. Non-European and-American countries on the way of modernization have to harmonize old culture and new culture after transforming them to adapt to each other.

从否定的角度看，现代化是一个价值中立的概念，而西化或欧化则是一个价值取向很强的概念；现代化中的许多内容都是中性的东西，不涉及价值取向；现代化虽然源头在欧洲，但西方文化并不是西方人独自创造的，而是人类文化长期融合、发展的结果；西方现代化模式还不完满，还需要探索和改进；现代化的过程虽然从整体上看是欧美现代文明在全球扩张的过程，但现代化的范围越大，卷入的国家越多，现代化的特色就越多，现代化离西化或欧化就越远；非欧美国家的现代化，不仅是一个新文化取代旧文化的过程，同时也是一个旧文化接纳新文化和新文化改造、融合旧文化的过程。

It consists of three parts which are as the followings: th" first part, from a double angles of the literature and history, dwells on Wang Meng"s as a writing subject, choosing his writing way and persisting in his art individually. The second part, from the style of the language and rhetorical tractics, proves formal features and meanings of Wang Mengs fictions. The third part, from the perspective of the cultural heart and fictional writing, deals with the balance or incline between his traditional emotion and the modern reason, among the temple, square and folk.

本论文分三个部分论述了王蒙的小说创作：一、从文学与历史的双重维度，论述王蒙作为创作主体对于艺术个性的坚守及其小说文本的意义；二、从语言风格和修辞策略的角度，论述王蒙小说的形式表征及其内蕴；三、从创作心理与文化心态的角度，论述王蒙及其创作在传统与现代、庙堂与广场、民间之间的平衡与倾斜。

Viewing the aesthetic features of cultural prose from the angle of poetics, the author defines the poetic implications of cultural prose, probes into the inherent mechanism of the poetic development, and explains the artistic merits of cultural prose by analyzing textual features.

试图从&诗性&的角度观照文化散文的审美特征，首先界定了文化散文诗性的内涵，探讨了这种诗性发生的内在机制，然后从文本中具体的几个层面展开论述，解读文化散文的艺术优长。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。