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The paper is an attempt to interpret English learner's dictionaries from the perspective of structuralism:to analyze the structure of learner's dictionaries in terms of system,to explore the nature of headwords,defi ning words and illustrative examples according to the distinction of langue and parole,to discuss the syntactic practice and descriptive principle of pedagogical lexicography,and to examine the application of markedness theory.

本文从结构主义语言学视角对英语学习词典进行解读：从系统角度剖析学习词典文本的结构，从语言和言语的划分来考察词目词、释义语言和例证语言的实质，分析学习词典编纂的共时性原则和以描写主义为主，同规定主义相结合的编纂原则，探讨标记理论在学习词典编纂中的运用，并指出结构主义仍然是学习词典编纂的基石。

Key features include:- The Dictionary is the most reputable dictionary developed from Cambridge International Corpus, a collection of over a billion words of written and spoken language from a huge variety of sources - Source data is based on the latest Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Third Edition published by Cambridge University Press in July 2008 - Over 190,000 words, phrases, idioms, phrasal verbs and meanings - Built-in British and American pronunciations of headwords - Over 80,000 full example sentences and phrases, extracted from Cambridge International Corpus, reflect how real English is used day-to-day situations - Prominent guidewords to help Advanced learners find the meaning more easily - Pictures and illustrations to help highlight variations in meaning that are essential for your progression - Word frequency information provided to adapt to the needs of learners of English - PandaBookmark that allows personal notes on searched words enabling you to better organize and centralize learning resources - PandaRating allowing you to prioritize searched words for faster resource retrieval and better learning efficiency - History to let you easily keep track of searched words - Cross-search functions allowing you to find out exactly what you want to know without any hassle by jumping anywhere between headwords and explanations - Interactive geographical data allowing you to find out where you are through Google Map Cambridge Advanced Learner's Talking Dictionary works as a stand alone application and no internet or WiFi connection is required.

主要功能包括：-词典是最有信誉的词典从剑桥国际语料库，收集了超过10亿字的书面和口语语言从一个巨大的各种来源-源数据是基于最新的剑桥高级学习者词典，第三版出版的剑桥大学出版社于2008年7月-在十九点○○万字词，词组，成语，短语动词和含义-内建在英国和美国的发音的headwords -超过80000完整的句子和词组例如，从剑桥国际语料库，反映了真正的英语是如何使用的日常情况-突出guidewords帮助学习者找到高级的含义更容易-图片和插图，以帮助突出变化，这意味着您所必不可少的进展-词频提供的资料，以适应需求的英语学习者- PandaBookmark ，允许个人说明搜查的话使您能够更好地组织和集中学习资源- PandaRating 让您的优先顺序检索词更快更好的资源回收和学习效率-历史，让您轻松地跟踪在搜查的话-交叉搜索功能使您能够找出正是你想知道在没有任何麻烦，跳之间的任何位置headwords和解释-互动地理数据，让您了解您身在何处，通过谷歌地图（剑桥高级学习者浅谈词典工程作为单独的应用程序，也没有互联网或WiFi连接是必需的。

When looking at the status of the American women in the 1930s from the point of view of "herstory", we have found that the American women made a progress in improving their status in spite of the Great Depression.

然而，对这一问题的研究，尤其是从社会性别的角度进行的研究，无论从美国学术界还是从国内学术界来看，都是一个亟待加强的部分。

It all goes back to a story about a young man who was the son of an itinerant horse trainer who would go from stable to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses.

这源于一个小男孩的故事，他是一位流浪的驯马师的儿子，驯马师从一个马房到另一个马房，从一个赛马场到另一个赛马场，从一个农场到另一个农场，从一个牧场到另一个牧场驯马。

I feel it goes so hurry-up, so I extend my hands to detain, it gose from the side of my hands. At dark, when I lie on my bed, it strips over my body promptly, it flies from my edge of my foot.

我觉察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽时，他又从遮挽着的手边过去，天黑时，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐地从我身上跨过，从我脚边飞去了。

The conversions of ice temperature and ice velocity occur from bridge to trough of terrain on the eastern Nyainqentanglha Range. The ice temperature at bridge is lower. The ice at bridge starts to move due to the larger gravitational driving stress. During the course from bridge to trough of terrain, basal ice temperature rises because of the friction. While reaching the pressure melting point of ice, basal decollement occurs, and higher velocities can still be produced at trough.

而位于念青唐古拉山东部地区的冰川，冰温和冰速从地形脊到地形槽处发生了较大的转化过程，在地形脊处冰温较低，受重力加速度的影响，冰川开始产生滑动，从地形脊到地形槽滑动的过程中，其底部受摩擦加热的影响，底部冰温升高，达到融化点，底部产生变形，到地形槽处仍会产生较大速度的滑动，因此冰川的运动从地形脊到地形槽处发生了转化，即地形脊处的滑动属动力过程引起的滑动，而地形槽处的滑动属热力过程产生的滑动。

It is no less skilful at causing a solution to spring forth from the reconciliation of ideas, than a lesson from the reconciliation of facts, and we may expect anything from that mysterious power of progress, which brought the Orient and the Occident face to face one fine day, in the depths of a sepulchre, and made the imaums converse with Bonaparte in the interior of the Great Pyramid.

它从各种思想的综合分析中找到的解决方法的能力，并不低于从各种事态的综合分析中得出的教训，从进步的这种神秘威力中人可以期望一切，有朝一日，进步将使东方和西方在坟墓的底里相对，将使伊玛目①和波拿巴在大金字塔的内部对话。

This text has two conclusions: 1、 from the relationship among the families after household division , the household idea of the farmer is changing. The lengthways singlehousehold idea is turning into the horizontal double household idea. The household relation becomes flat and core. 2^ From the relationship and that the farmer weighs the separation and the merging again and again ,we can understand that The benefits factor has surmounted blood relationship emotion .It imbeds the living logic of the farmer.

本文结论有二：1、从农民分家后家庭之间的紧密程度来看，目前农民的家族观念从纵向单系的家族观正在演变为横向双系的家族观，家族关系正在核心化。2、从农民对分与合的再三权衡和家庭间的亲疏关系来看，利益因素超越了血缘情感嵌入了农民的生活逻辑，家族关系日益理性化。

From January 1, 2008, the Flexo printing press import tariff rates from 10% to 5%, intaglio printing machine from the 18 percent tariff rate fell to 9%.

从2008年1月1日起，柔性版印刷机进口关税税率从10%降到5%，凹版印刷机从关税税率18%降到9%。

Starting in 2001 to become Japan's Jomo lubricants authorized dealers, Jin Ernian rapid development of companies doing business in Nantong, Taizhou, Yancheng three regions to establish a stable and reliable sales network, operating from a single variety of brand development for lubricants Jomo Multi-brand, the full range of lubricants, customer base from a single user of construction machinery to expand automobile and motorcycle users, is now being extended to the industrial and mining enterprises, especially my company to operate the various special grease, textile printing and dyeing by companies such as the Electrical and Mechanical Bearing Welcome, my company to operate the high purity of the mercury sold to all parts of the country.

从2001年开始成为日本矫马润滑油的授权经销商，近二年公司经营业务快速发展，在南通，泰州，盐城三地区建立了稳定可靠的销售网络，经营品种从单一品牌的矫马润滑油发展为多品牌，全系列润滑油，客户群从单一的工程机械用户扩展到汽车，摩托车用户，现正在向工矿企业延伸，尤其是我公司经营的各种特种润滑脂，深受纺织印染机电轴承等企业的欢迎，我公司经营的高纯汞销到了全国各地。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。