介质

The discrete element method and the finite element method have their own advantages and weaknesses. Basically, the DEM was developed for predicting the failure problems accompanying with the transition from continuum to non-continuum media. However, it is not accurate to calculate the problem of continuum media. The FEM may forecast the failure area of the material reasonably, while it is hard to calculate the failure process in brittle media. Therefore it becomes a good choice to combine the two methods to construct a hybrid model.

离散元法和有限元法等数值计算方法各有其优势，同时也都存在不足之处：离散元法适于处理由连续介质向非连续介质转化的破坏问题，但对于连续体计算结果精度不高；有限元法适于预测材料破坏的区域，但难以直接用于计算脆性材料破坏过程，因此将两种方法结合可以形成一种较好的混合模型。

The invention relates to an objective lens for converging light emitted by a light source to irradiate an optical recording medium with the convergent light, an actuator having the same, an optical head for recording information on the optical recording medium and reproducing information recorded on the same, and an information recording/reproducing apparatus utilizing the same.

本发明涉及将从光源射出的光会聚并将聚焦光照射到光学记录介质上的物镜和配备有该物镜的致动器、以及将信息记录在光学记录介质上或对所记录的信息进行再生的光学头和使用该光学头的光学记录再生装置。

Combine the cooling characteristic curve of quench media and the dynamics curve of continuum cooling phase change to select the quench media of materials is very useful, and it can obtain best microstructures and controlled crack polarity or distortion.

文章摘要：提出将淬火介质冷却特性曲线与材料的奥氏体连续冷却转变动力学曲线相结合，来选择材料的淬火介质，获得合适的显微组织并控制材料淬火过程中的变形、开裂倾向。

In-vivo neutron and gamma spectra of depleted uranium sphere and vanadium sphere under central D-T neutron source were measured,with a 18 mm×20 mm stilbene crystal detector, at 7,10,13,16,19,22 cm away to the center in 45° direction in depleted-uranium sphrer, and 1.8,4.8,8.3 cm away to the center in the 0° direction in V sphere.

为获得介质内中子能谱及伴生γ能谱的实验数据，在中心D-T中子照射下，用18 mm×20 mm的茋闪烁体探测器，测量了与D+束成45°角的水平方向距球心7、10、13、16、19、22 cm位置处贫化铀球介质内的中子能谱和伴生γ能谱，以及钒球内与D+束成 0°角、距离球心1.8、4.8和8.3 cm处的中子能谱和伴生γ能谱。

The transformation diagrams of super-cooled austenite are described by polynomial-like function and cubic spline function.

经验证该系统分析处理出的表面温度、表面热通量、介质换热系数在评定淬火介质的冷却性能上更科学、可靠。

The phase transition limit of the most of cooling medium is called as vaporization point. Along with the increase of decalescence of cooling medium, gas contents increases and degree of dry steam rises.

冷却介质主流发生相变的点称之为蒸发点，其后随着介质不断吸热，气态含量增多，蒸汽干度上升。

According to the composition of elements of fuel,thermochemical forms,combustion heat,and time-dependent relations of oxygen concentration acquired during fullscale tunnel fire experiment,the formulae are given for calculating di- mensionless burning rate, released heat rate ,and ratio of medium decalescence.

根据燃料的元素构成、热化学反应式、反应物和生成物的焓变以及燃烧过程中监测到的烟气中氧气浓度随时间变化规律，提出了计算某一时刻燃料燃烧速率、释热速率和介质吸热率的关系式；通过实际规模的火灾试验，对其数据的计算表明，对木质类巷道火灾，最大比燃烧速率为0.193，最大释热速率约为1～3.5 MW，介质的吸热率为22

Based on the BISQ model, we studied the elastic wave speed in two-phase porous isotropic media and its relation with Biot-flow and squirt-flow. The Green function is obtained for a point load in the two-phase porous isotropic media using the decomposition of the field potencial and the properties of Delta function. The expression and effects of squirt-flow in BISQ-Green function are discussed.

以BISQ模型的波传播方程为基础，研究了弹性波在孔隙各向同性介质中的传播速度及与流体的Biot流动和喷射流动力学机制的关系，进一步利用场势分解和δ函数的性质，给出了同时受Biot流动和喷射流动两种动力学机制作用下，两相介质波场位移在集中力作用下的Green函数，并讨论了喷射流动在Green函数中的表现形式和作用。

At present, the treatment on cerebral edema is still using the dehydrator to recede the intracranial pressure, but the in influence on fluid balance, renal function or circulation have been acknowledged, there is not other better dehydration technique to take place of dehydrator yet.

HVHF具有强大的对流作用，能有效地第一军医大学2001级博士学位论文导师：徐如祥教授清除分子量在30，000道尔顿中、小分子溶质，其中包括相当数量的炎症介质、细胞因子，从而改善了炎症介质反应过程；同时，HVHF能受控制地、等渗地脱水；通过床边滤过机能很好地控制体温并能更精确地调整机体赖以生存的内环境。

This paper measured the constitutive relation of soil in the condition of the low stain-rate by Split Hopkinson Press Bar technology. It offers the reference for study in high stain-rate in the future. And simulated the explosion between soil and concrete by finite element dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA3D. Finished the numerical simulation for power of exploding between soil and concrete in different position of detonator and different scale model. Set out the curves of displacement, velocity, acceleration and pressure of different position. Obtained the destructibility of concrete target in different explosion condition. It offers data reference for theory studying and engineering designing.

本文首先利用分离式Hopkinson压杆实验技术测定了土在低应变率下的本构关系，为以后进行较高应变率下的研究提供了参考；后面着重利用三维显式非线性有限元动力分析软件LS-DYNA3D对土壤混凝土介质中的爆炸进行了数值模拟，采用土壤混凝土分层介质模型，完成了不同装药位置、不同缩比模型的混凝土模型中爆炸威力的数值模拟，测定了不同情况下的压力曲线及典型位置的质点位移、速度、加速度和压力，得出了混凝土靶在各种不同爆炸条件下的破坏情况，为理论研究和工程设计提供了数据参考。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。