介电常数

Combined with experimental results and results of theoretical calculation, by means of mathematical analysis, the charge distribution in a flat double layer is investigated.

结合实验测试结果和理论计算结果，通过数学分析探讨了平板双电层中的电荷分布描述问题，考虑介电常数的变化情况将更好地表示实际的双电层电荷分布。

This project was established based on the first cooperative development of optical in situ real time detecting technique probing the atomic scale layer-by-layer epitaxy growth of oxide film. Over the last three years, we have given full play to the advantages and characteristics of both sides and have finished the assumptions and plans of this subject satisfactorily. 1. In Institute of Physics, we set up advanced oblique-incidence reflectivity difference equipment and wrote one data acquisition procedure that made the simultaneous detection of optical signal and RHEED signal into reality. 2. The first observation of sustained oscillations over hundreds of monolayers in both real and imaginary signals during the epitaxy growth of SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3 on SrTiO3 substrate in LMBE testifies that oblique-incidence is an excellent method to detect and monitor film epitaxy growth real time. 3. For the first time, we verify that oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method can be used to monitor the layer-by-layer growth mode during continuous growth through the correspondence between optical signals to atomic or molecular step edge density on the growth surface. 4. Phenomenological analysis shows that optical signals comprise three parts, the first is proportional to the average thickness of the film and depends on the bulk phase dielectric response; the second is proportional to the coverage of terraces and depends on the dielectric response of atoms or unit cells in the terrace; the third is proportional to the coverage of step edges and depends on the effective dielectric response of atoms or unit cells at step edges. This makes oblique-incident reflectivity difference technique a quantitative macroscopic method to monitor film growth.

中文摘要：本课题是在合作首次发展了氧化物薄膜原子尺度层状外延生长光学原位实时探测方法的基础上立项的，三年来，我们充分发挥双方的优势和特点，圆满完成了课题的设想和计划。1、在物理所建立了一套先进的光反射差法装置，编写了计算机系统的数据采集程序，实现了两路光学信号和RHEED数据的同步采集和显示。2、用激光分子束外延在SrTiO3基底上生长SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3薄膜，首次观测到连续外延几百个原胞层，周期振荡的光反射差实部和虚部信号，证明了光反射差法是一种能原位实时探测与监控薄膜层状外延生长的好方法。3、首次验证了通过对生长表面原子或分子台阶密度的响应，光反射差法可用于原位实时监测在连续生长条件下薄膜的层式生长模式。4、通过唯象理论的研究，证明光反射差信号由三项组成，第一项只与薄膜的平均厚度和宏观光学电介质常数有关；第二项与分子台阶面覆盖度和台阶面上分子层的光学电介质常数有关；第三项与台阶边缘的覆盖度成正比，并和在台阶边缘的分子的有效光学介电常数有关。

The effective permittivity at the interface of piezoelectric crystal solid layer is employed to analyze the BAW excitation effect.

对压电晶体-固体-液体结构中叉指换能器的体声波激励效应进行了深入探讨，通过引入压电晶体-固体层界面的界面有效介电常数，研究了叉指换能器的体声波激励效应与晶体切向、电边界条件及固体层归一化厚度之间的关系。

Since the discovery of significant electrostrictive deformation of PU, the measurement of electrostriction and the basic principles about it were reported recently.

自从发现聚氨酯较大电致伸缩形变后，近年来出现了很多对电致伸缩的基础原理及其测量方法的报道，但是对于聚氨酯弹性体结构以及掺杂高介电常数无机物与电致伸缩系数关系的研究较少。

Since the discovery of significant electrostrictive deformation of PU, the measurement of electrostriction and the basic principles about it were reported recently. A series of thermopolyurethane and their composites with barium titanate were prepared and characterized.

自从发现聚氨酯较大电致伸缩形变后，近年来出现了很多对电致伸缩的基础原理及其测量方法的报道，但是对于聚氨酯弹性体结构以及掺杂高介电常数无机物与电致伸缩系数关系的研究较少。

However, the use of quarter-wave impedance transformer is inevitable as attempting to use overlay dielectrics with different dielectric constants or thickness.

然而，当尝试采用不同介电常数与厚度的覆盖介电质来设计电路的时候，发现必须采用四分之波长阻抗转换器才能完成滤波器的设计。

The results show that the hollow glass microspheres could be coated with Al film by a...

在Al膜厚度相同的情况下，镀Al微珠加入量越多，则人工介质材料的介电常数越大。所制备的人工介质材料介电损耗小于0.02，密度小于0.8 g/cm3。

The temperature rising mechanisms of manganese carbonate fines containing coal by microwave heating were discussed. The results show that, manganese carbonate fines containing coal have good characteristics of microwave heating and self-reduction. At the molar ratios of C atom to O atom as 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 in the mixed materials, the averaged maximum temperature-rising rate of the mixed materials by microwave heating is 140.7 K/min at 1 473 K with the microwave frequency of 2.450 GHz. At the different containing coal ratios and heating temperatures, the value of the dielectric constant is big, 5.5, but that of the permeability is about 1, so the mixed materials belong to dielectric loss. The temperature rising performance depends chiefly upon the electromagnetic performance of materials, whose change is caused primarily by the chemical reaction, the changes of crystal structural , and the changes of defects state. The bigger the containing coal ratio, the better the absorptivity of microwave. At the same containing coal ratio, the higher the heating temperature, the weaker the absorptivity of microwave.

研究结果表明：含碳碳酸锰矿粉具有优良的微波加热特性和自还原性；在微波加热频率为2.450 GHz、碳氧原子摩尔比分别为1.1，1.2和1.3时，微波加热混合物料至1 473 K的升温速率平均最高达到140.7 K/min；不同的加热温度和配碳比下混合物料的介电常数较大，都在5.5左右，而磁导率为1左右，属介电损耗型；微波加热含碳碳酸锰矿粉的升温性能主要取决于含碳碳酸锰矿粉的电磁性能，而电磁性能的改变主要是由物料加热过程中产生的化学反应、晶体结构变化及缺陷状态的改变引起的；配碳比提高，物料吸收微波的能力有所提高；在相同的配碳比下，加热温度升高，吸收微波的能力有所减弱。

In this thesis, we study the metal-insulator-metal capacitors using high-k dielectrics.

在本篇论文中，我们研究使用高介电常数介电质的金属－绝缘体－金属电容。

Although utilizing high-k dielectrics reduced the gate leakage current effectively, there are still some issues that we have to overcome.

虽然高介电常数介电质的使用能有效的减少闸极漏电流，但仍然有一些相关新的问题必须解决。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。