人身保护

We're also gonna lead in upholding human rights and civil rights, and that's why it's right that we restore habeas corpus and we close Guantanamo.

我们将领导支援人权和公民权利，也正是因此恢复人身保护权和关闭关塔那摩是正确的。

They also developed prerogative orders and Habeas Corpus .

普通法法院还完善了&特权命令&和&人身保护权&。

The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.

不得中止人身保护令所保障的特权，惟在叛乱或受到侵略的情况下，出于公共安全的必要时不在此限 3。

Should the Court hold that the Act unconstitutionally deprives detainees of the right to habeas corpus, one could well imagine the Republican nominee holding the ruling up as an example of why he should be elected--namely, to ensure that a tough-minded President names Justices to the Court who won't stand in the way of the tough measures that need to be taken against suspected terrorists.

最高法院应该支持该法案剥夺被拘留者的人身保护权是违反宪法的，可以清楚地想象共和党的被提名人将其作为他应当选的例子而支持该判决，也即一个强硬的总统提名最高法院的大法官不妨碍需要采取强硬的措施来制裁可疑的恐怖主义者。

Sadly, for all their grand harrumphing, in each of the above cases, habeas corpus still ended up suspended or restricted.

原译： 可悲的是，在上述的情况中，所有这些声势浩大的反对呼声，最终都以人身保护令的中止或限制而告结束。

A well-disciplined militia, our best reliance in peace and for the first moments of war, till regulars may relieve them; the supremacy of the civil over the military authority; economy in the public expense, that labor may be lightly burthened; the honest payment of our debts and sacred preservation of the public faith; encouragement of agriculture, and of commerce as its handmaid; the diffusion of information and arraignment of all abuses at the bar of the public reason; freedom of religion; freedom of the press, and freedom of person under the protection of the habeas corpus, and trial by juries impartially selected.

要维持一支纪律严明的民团，以作爲和平时期和战争初期的最好依仗，直至正规军来接替；实行文权高于军校的政制；节省政府开支，减轻劳动人民的负担；如实偿还我们的债务，把维护政府的信用看作神圣的义务；促进农业发展，并鼓励以商辅农；传播知识并以公衆理智爲依据谴责一切弊端；保障宗教自由及出版自由，并以人身保护令以及由公平选出的陪审团进行审判来保障人身自由。

In Ex parte Milligan the petitioner, a citizen of the United States and a resident of Indiana, was petitioner, a citizen of the United States and a resident of Indiana, was tried in 1864 in Indiana before a military commission for conspiracy during the Civil War; he was found guilty and was sentenced to be hanged.

一位美国公民，印第安纳州居民，名为米利甘的请愿者，在南北战争期间于1864年因谋叛罪在印第安纳州受到军事委员会单方面审判。他被判有罪并被处以绞刑。因米利甘请愿问题而形成的《人身保护法令》得到最高法院证实。

In Ex parte McCardle (1869), the Supreme Court upheld a congressional statute withdrawing Supreme Court appellate jurisdiction to issue writs of habeas corpus even after the case had been orally argued to the Supreme Court.

因为这一例外条款，在1869年的Ex parte McCardle案中，最高法院支持了一项国会法律，这项法律撤回了最高法院关于签发人身保护令状的上诉管辖权，尽管这个案件已经在最高法院开庭审理。

Terms to know: Habeas Corpus Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation Fort Sumter Confederacy Union Thirteenth Amendment Ironclad ships Harper's Ferry Secession Trent Affair Conscription Uncle Tom's Cabin Battles to know: Gettysburg Shiloh Bull Run Antietam Vicksburg Chancellorsville Concepts to know Resources of Union start of war Resources of he Confederates start of war Anaconda Plan Concept of "Total War" Causes of the War Acts of protest before and during the war Lincoln's main reason for war How war affected the economy of the Confederacy How war affected the economy of the Union Other: Andersonville Fort Pillow Appomattox Court House Gettysburg Address Battlefield Medicine

条款知道：人身保护令解放解放宣言桑特堡邦联联盟第十三条修正案铁船哈珀的渡轮分裂国家特伦特事件征兵汤姆叔叔的小屋战斗知道：葛底斯堡希洛牛市安蒂特姆维克斯堡钱概念知道资源的联盟开始的战争资源Confederates开始他的战争蟒蛇计划观念的&总体战&原因战争抗议行动之前和战争期间林肯的主要原因战争如何受战争影响的经济邦联如何受战争影响的经济联盟其他：安德森维尔堡枕头阿波马托克斯法院大楼葛底斯堡演说战地医学

But if a man be lawfully imprisoned, and either to procure his discharge, or on any other fair account, seals a bond or a deed, this is not by duress of imprisonment, and he is not at liberty to avoid it.36 To make imprisonment lawful, it must either be, by process from the courts of judicature, or by warrant from some legal officer, having authority to commit to prison; which warrant must be in writing, under the hand and seal of the magistrate, and express the causes of the commitment, in order to be examined into upon a habeas corpus.

但是如果一个人是被合法监禁，为了获释或基于其它公正的理由而订立契约，这不是监禁强迫，便不能自由的免除契约的约束。为了使监禁合法，必须经由审判法庭的程序，或者通过某些法定官员的授权，从而获得权力去实施监禁；这份授权必须由官员亲笔签发并加盖印章，并明确陈述监禁的理由，以备按人身保护法案进行审查。如果没有明确的理由，那么监狱职员则没有看守的责任。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。