人类学的

The young critics favor critical explore relates to the artistic form and the old critics make a good success of the practice in folkloric criticism, anthropologic criticism, mythic archetypes criticism, psychoanalytic criticism, new criticism, book reviewing, etc.

沈从文、李健吾的创作式批评张扬批评的想象性，重视读者的地位；朱光潜、李长之的知识型批评讲究各艺术品类的通约性，是新文学话语产生的理论源泉；梁宗岱、叶功超的对话型批评引进了一些"新批评"，也将中国文学精华译介到西方，创造了新的文学生态环境，一定程度上改变了人们看现代文学的方式；林徽因的批评张扬了批评的"女性"意识：新老京派都在新批评方面有所探索：前者侧重于与艺术形式有关的批评探索：后者则在民俗学批评、人类学批评、"神话一原型"批评、精神分析学批评、英美新批评、书评等的实践方面成绩显著。

Section 3 probes the complexity of Vico\'s thoughts through discussing the works of Vico with exception of New Science .chapter 2 introduces and analysis New Science, The argument in this chapter are as follows:The epistemology of New Science isverura——factum, had been basing on this principle, Vico tried to developa new science——humanity and social sciences;(2)Methodology of NewScience: theme and theory in union, experience and rationality in union;(3) Conception of history of New Science: The theory of three stages and repeats itself of historical development, human society is created by itself;(4)Poetic wisdom, and its influences to aesthetics, literature and art theory;(5)The imagination theory of New Science, and its aesthetic significance as well as influences.

第一节论述《新科学》的认识论和题旨，指出《新科学》的认识论是真理——创造物原则，由此维柯试图创立一门"新科学"，即与自然科学相对的人文社会科学或者说文化哲学；第二节论述《新科学》的方法论：题材与学说的统一、经验与理性的统一；第三节论述《新科学》历史观：历史循环三阶段论、人类历史是由人类自己创造出来的，并提及其对人类学、美学的影响；第四节论述诗性智慧及其美学、文艺学影响；第五节论述《新科学》的想象理论及其美学意义和影响；第六节论述"发现真正的荷马"的内涵以及对社会历史批评的开创性意义。

Ihde's philosophy of technology is very typical in contemporary American circles of philosophy of technology. His philosophy is not only closely related to former philosophers of technology such as Heidergger and Mumford, but also integrates analytical philosophy and pragmatism with phenomenology. By using materials of history of technology and anthropology, lhde reinterprets former basic problems in the philosophy of technology and forms his own system of philosophy of technology. Ihde's philosophy represents the new directions of American philosophy of technology, which pay attention to the research of the history of technology, the philosophical foundation of philosophy of technology and technological practices.

伊德的技术哲学思想在当代美国技术哲学中很有代表性，他的思想既与以前的技术哲学家像海德格尔、芒福德等人的思想密切相关，又在现象学的基础上融合了实用主义和分析哲学的成分，并借助于人类学和技术史等学科的材料，重新阐释了以前技术哲学中的一些主要问题，形成了自己的现象学技术哲学的思想体系，代表了当代美国技术哲学的最新趋势，即在研究技术史、技术哲学的哲学基础和技术实践的基础上，从不同的角度重新看待技术本身。

Experts examine growth patterns found within available Plio-Pleistocene hominid samples, and analyse variation in ontogenetic patterns and rates of development in recent modern humans in order to provide a comparative context for fossil hominid studies.

发展在(剑桥用生物 Living beings 学 Biological和进化的人类学学习)的均匀的属内的图案专家检查发展模式在可得到的Plio-Pleistocene内找到人科的样品，并且为了为守旧的人提供比较上下文，分析在在新近的现代人方面的发展的ontogenetic 图案和比率方面的变化人科的研究。

This article tries to analyze the depth and breadth of Chinese modern national character research in theoretical perspective; The theoretical visual angle it chosen is a kind of cultural comparing research macroscopic threshold;"The Chinese question" globalization goes through the historical perpetual flow; Standing on such dynamic platform, this article reveals multi-dimensionality meanings of cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology, politics and ethnology which the question refers to, and analyzes the thinking course of modern people seeking conscious liberation; It resets the national character question into the space which Chinese modern national politic salvation and culture enlightenment exist in to prove the national character's social value; Furthermore, it opens up and develops the profoundly influencing inertia, which is implicated in the generation's considering, inheriting, criticizing and innovating, thereby it gains some enlightenment of persons modernization through regressively examining.

文章力图对中国近代国民性问题研究的深度与广度进行理论透视，其选择的理论视角是一种文化比较研究的宏观界阈，站在&中国问题&逐步世界化这一贯通绵延历史长河的动态平台上，揭示中国近代国民性问题指涉的文化人类学、社会学、心理学、政治学、民族学的多维意蕴，透视近代国人寻求主体自觉解放的心路历程，将其还置于中国近代民族政治救亡和思想文化启蒙的生存空间中来求证其本寓的社会价值，并拓衍其代际省思、承继、批判以至创新所寓意的深远影响惯性，在逆向审视中获取人的现代化的某些启示。

Drawing more heavily here than elsewhere on the work of other scholars, Lamont offers potted histories of the various disciplines, and so we hear echoes of the old jeremiads against postmodernism and "French theory," and we hear once more about the canon wars in English, the reflexive turn in anthropology, and, in political science, the rise of rational choice. We hear the old misleading statistics as well.

拉蒙描述了不同学科的堕落史，所以我们听到上年纪的悲观预言者反对后现代主义和&法国理论&的回声，我们再次听到了英语系中更多关于经典的战争，人类学、政治学中&内省的转向&，理性选择的兴起（我们听到古老的误导人的统计数字。

And in the "system" part, based on the historical tracing and critique, he sublated the classical science represented by Herbart and Spencer; uniting the a...

而在体系部分，他在历史追溯与批判的基础上，扬弃以赫尔巴特、斯宾塞等人为代表的古典教育科学，结合当时人类学与实验心理学的成就，在生命哲学与精神科学整体的基本立场的观照下，建立了较为严整的教育学的科学体系，促成了现代形态的教育科学的诞生。

Firstly, observed the meaning of shibi culture from the view of minority intangible culture heritage anew. Secondly, researched and recorded the history and actuality of shibi and shibi culture transmission by oral historiography. This data prepare the base of shibi and shibi culture studying. Thirdly, researched and studied the shibi sutra and picture sutra of shibi using frame of reference of ethnonymics, ethnology and linguistics, opened out the inbeing of shibi culture. Fourthly, based on the characteristic of religion system, I observed the conception of deities and ghosts of Ch'iang people anew. Fifthly, researched and studied the folk religion ceremonials for sacrificing offerings to god and deities, and unscrambled the multi-meaning of shibi culture.

论文的创新之处主要体现在五个方面：第一，从非物质文化遗产的角度，重新审视羌族释比与释比文化的价值；第二，运用口述史学的方法最大限度地还原并重构羌族释比传承、释比文化传承的历史、释比文化的内涵、释比文化的现状等，为释比文化的研究奠定了基础；第三，运用民族学、文化人类学、语言学等方法，对释比唱经、释比图经《刷勒日》等进行全面、深入、细致的调查，剖析释比文化的本质内容；第四，从羌族民间信仰的体系的特点，重新审视羌族神鬼观念；第五，重点调查并研究羌族祭山会仪式，解读羌族文化的多重意义。

In the meantime,this paper unfolds the spreading and distillation of Malinowski's academic thinking in the ...

本文试图呈现有血有肉的马林诺斯基及其褒贬不一的文化理论和备受争议议的田野调查，在重新解读中对这位充满神话色彩的一代宗师的广博思想进行批判性的继承，在大师与大师的对举中探索人类学本土化的一种可能性。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。