人工差异

This paper has studied the impacts of rubber plantation on the fragmentation of tropical forests and its substitution for natural forests.

研究表明：西双版纳橡胶种植既有明显的地域分布和地带分布差异特征，也有很高的时空动态度；橡胶种植对土壤侵蚀作用不明显，但是使周边环境破碎度加大，热带森林异质性自然景观向单一人工斑块化景观发展；西双版纳橡胶种植获得了巨大的社会效益和经济效益，也对热带森林的稳定性和多样性造成威胁。

The plumules of Phragmites australis growing in the constructed wetland test pool with high-concentration livestock wastewater and clean water were collected,and the total DNA was extracted for RAPD analysis to explore the genetic variation of Phragmites australis under contamination stress of high-concentration livestock wastewater.

为了探讨芦苇在高浓度畜禽废水污染胁迫下遗传特性的变化，将人工湿地试验池中生长的，受高浓度畜禽废水长期污染胁迫的和未受到污染的供试芦苇材料各20个单株幼芽分别混合提取DNA，采用RAPD分子标记技术在160个随机引物中进行筛选，找到3个能够扩增出差异且重复性较好的RAPD引物：S74、S516和S14。

The effect and its mechanism of temperature during grain filling on rice quality were investigated by using 4 eary-indica rice cultivars with different quality and amylose content. The plants at filling stage were transferred into two phytotrons (Model PGV-36, CONVIRON, Canada), which were set two mean daily air temperatures, i.e. 22℃, optimum temperature regime and 32℃, designed as high temperature regime. The differences in quality properties and starch characteristics of rice between two temperature regimes were determined, and effects of temperature at grain-filling stage on starch biosynthesis in developing rice grains were also analyzed.

本研究以田间异季栽培试验为基础，利用人工气候箱(PGV-36型，CONVIRON)设高温(日均温度32℃)和适温(日均温度22℃)两个典型温度处理，在日温差、光照、相对湿度等因素完全一致的条件下，系统地研究了水稻灌浆结实期不同温度对早籼稻米淀粉的DSC热力学特性、RVA粘滞性、晶体结构、淀粉链长分布等理化指标的影响及其品种类型间的差异，并分析了水稻籽粒淀粉合成代谢过程中几个关键酶的温度效应特征及其与稻米淀粉合成和积累的关系。

Biological characteristics of the pathogen and the resistance of 13 cultivars of tea plant to tea brown blight were studied by means of natural infection in the field and artificial inoculation in vitro. Resistant cultivars and susceptible cultivars of tea plant were divided. And the resistance mechanism was researched tentatively. The findings are as follows: 1 Some biological characteristics of the pathogenic fungus The experiment result showed: the optimum temperature for the growth of fungus mycelium was from 24 to 27℃, the optimum temperature for sporulation ranged 22 to 30℃. Treated at 54℃ in 10 minutes, the spores didn't germinate. The optimum pH for the growth of the mycelium was 5.1～5.9, the optimum pH for sporulation ranged 5.0～6.0. Light had no much effect on the growth of fungus mycelium, but had much effect on the reproduction of the spore.

首先，研究了茶云纹叶枯病病菌的生物学特性；其次，通过田间抗性调查和室内人工接种鉴定，对 13 个茶树品种进行了抗病性鉴定；第三，在前人研究的基础上，对茶树抗病机理作了更深入的研究，结果发现： 1 病原菌的生物学特性病原菌的分生孢子萌发的最适温度范围为 24～27℃，菌丝生长的最适温度范围为 22～30℃；致死温度为 55℃；菌丝生长的最适 pH 范围为 5.1～5.9，孢子萌发的最适 pH 范围是 5.0～6.0；光照对病菌生长速度及分生孢子萌发影响不大，但对其产孢的影响很大，特别是有光照与无光照处理之间差异显著，光照有利于分生孢子的形成。

METHODS: 8 curved artificial root canals were prepared with stainless steel K files by the step-back technique, the root canals were digitally photographed, the images were analysed by the software Image-Pro Plus, the shapes and positions of the root canals were measured and analysed. SPSS10.0 software package was used for statistical analysis, paired-samples t test was used to compare the difference of the means among sample groups.

使用手用不锈钢K锉，按逐步后退法预备8个弯曲人工根管，根管预备过程中对根管及根尖孔进行微距摄影，用图像分析软件Image-Pro Plus对根管的形态与位置变化进行测量、分析；实验数据采用SPSS10.0统计软件包进行统计学分析，选用配对t检验比较组间差异。

This text aims at the difference of several representative geology conditions in Yang Shui mining area, carried on the primary election to the mining method of Yang Shui mining area, introduced the new theories of numerical optimization choice of mining method that are fuzzy mathematics and artificial neural network etc, based on the existing mining methods that are feasible, adopt the fuzzy optimization choice principle of flexible neural networks, and synthesize several experts and fieldworkers' opinion, built up the related mathematical model and revised model, carried on processing of programming through computer, thus established each optimization mining project under several representative geology conditions in Yang Shui mining area, and carried on optimizing to the existent unreasonable parameter in mining project;have the great significance to aim at each kind of geology condition for each mining area to adjust the mining method in time in the course of mining, abandon chronically unreasonable mining method, full reclaim the mine's resource, lower the dilution rate、 loss rate of mineral mining, raise the production capacity of stope and economic benefit of mine.

本文针对洋水矿区几种典型地质条件差异，对洋水矿区采矿方法进行了初选，介绍了模糊数学和人工神经网络等采矿方法数值优选新理论，在现有可行性采矿方法的基础上，采用弹性神经网络模糊优选原理，并综合多位专家及现场工作者的意见，建立了相关的数学模型及修正模型，通过计算机进行编程处理，从而确立了洋水矿区几种典型地质条件下各自的最优采矿方案，并针对采矿方案中存在的不合理参数进行了优化，为各矿区针对各类地质条件在采矿过程中及时调整采矿方法，摈弃习惯性的不合理采矿方法，充分回收矿山资源、降低矿石开采的贫化率、损失率，提高采场生产能力以及矿山经济效益具有重大意义。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。