人力资本

The thesis is to establish systematical and perfect rate index and warning method of humane capital investment and management risk which is the important approach of preventive control and enterprises' humane capital risk auditing which is the important approach of aferwards control because of the condition of focusing on the process control of enterprises' humane capital investment risk in Chinese academe.

针对我国学术界企业人力资本投资风险的研究集中于事中控制的现状，本文对企业人力资本投资风险事前控制重要手段——企业人力资本投资管理风险的评估指标和评估与预警方法，企业人力资本投资风险事后控制重要工具——人力资本投资风险审计等进行了研究

The research discovered:(1) specialist human capital, cooperation social capital and mechanical organization capital support exploitation innovation, generalist human capital, entrepreneurial social capital and organic organization capital support exploration innovation;(2) two kind of intelligence capital structure, specialist human capital cooperative social capital, organic organizational capital and generalist human capital, entrepreneurial social capital, mechanistic organizational capital support contextual ambidexterity.

研究发现：(1)专才型人力资本。合作型社会资本和机械式组织资本支持利用式创新，通才型人力资本、创业型社会资本和有机式组织资本支持探索式创新；(2)两类智力资本结构，专才型人力资本、合作型社会资本、有机式组织资本，以及通才型人力资本、创业型社会资本、机械式组织资本都支持情境二元式创新。

That's mainly because we have no sufficient data those methods need. Following Caser B. Mulligan and Xavier Sala-Martin (1995), we develop a new method to estimate the human capital in Chinese cities. The notion of human capital unit is explicitly defined in this paper. Some assumptions about human capital unit an production technology are also made.

在对单位人力资本和技术进行适当假设的基础上，设计了一个可实现的、人力资本估算框架，估算出单位人力资本在中国各城市所能得到的实际工资水平，并在此基础上估算了中国地级以上城市的人力资本，得到了中国各城市1990-2003年的人均人力资本。

That's mainly because we have no sufficient data those methods need. Following Caser B. Mulligan and Xavier Sala-Martin (1995), we develop a new method to estimate the human capital in Chinesecities. The notion of human capital unit is explicitly defined in this paper. Some assumptions about human capital unit an production technology are also made.

在对单位人力资本和技术进行适当假设的基础上，设计了一个可实现的、人力资本估算框架，估算出单位人力资本在中国各城市所能得到的实际工资水平，并在此基础上估算了中国地级以上城市的人力资本，得到了中国各城市1990-2003年的人均人力资本。

On the basis of the formulization of human capital investment theoretic, this paper analyses the feature, form and subject between human capital investment and the formation of human capital, then compares the present situation of them vertically and horizontally.

本文在对人力资本投资理论阐述的基础上，对人力资本投资与人力资本的形成的特点、形式和主体进行了分析，进而对我国人力资本投资和人力资本形成的现状进行了纵向和横向比较。

This thesis seeks for the reforming and developing direction to the state-owned enterprises based on the human capital investment. In this thesis, it is one of the basic studies that researching the theory of human capital investment systemically and the theoretical frame of the human capital investment on enterprises, and the other is analyzing the problems on the human capital investment and finding out the method to settle those problems.

基于上述原因，笔者将"我国国有企业的人力资本投资问题研究"作为毕业论文的研究课题，试图从人力资本投资的角度出发，来探索我国国有企业的改革与发展之路，并把研究重点放在了两个方面：一是系统研究人力资本相关理论及企业人力资本投资的理论框架，二是针对我国国有企业的实际情况，分析其在人力资本投资过程中存在的问题及解决办法。

The creation point of this article is: first, it broke the traditional idea that peasant workers are common village labor force and human resources. It comprehends the knowledge of human capital economics and the city peasant workers, pointing that peasant workers is the most important part in country human capital, is an extremely important question in fully building well-off society. Second, we calculated the peasant workers\' human capital revenue rate by using Mincer model. Thirdly, we point out that country human capital is the new developing region in China economy, enriched the theory of village economy, labor economy, human biology economy, human resource and human capital economy.

本文的创新点在于：一是首次将明瑟模型中计算人力资本收益率的方法应用到城市农民工当中，计算了城市农民工人力资本收益率；二是突破了农民工只是一般农村劳动力和人力资源的传统观念，将人力资本经济学内容同城市农民工相结合，提出城市农民工人力资本转化存在的可能性以及如何促成其完成该转化，提出了农民工是乡城人力资本的重要组成部分，而农民工人力资本转化是我国实现从人口大国到人力资源大国进而到人力资本大国的关键之所在；三提出了农民工人力资本是我国经济发展的新增长阈的新观点，丰富了农业与农村经济、劳动经济、人口生态经济、人力资源与人力资本经济等学科的理论。

It is the summation which the society and economy relation reflect essentially. The manpower capital property right have three common characters: exclusiveness、 resolvability、business and four special characters: the first one, the owner have not impartibility ownership and control right to the manpower capital himself. The second one, manpower capital can reflect in the different way of material capital when the property right deformity; the third one, manpower capital's employment and investment course are in-phase, the fourth one, the effective yardstick and mechanism of measuring manpower capital are absence.

在此基础上，概括出人力资本产权排他性、可分解性、可交易性的一般特征以及它的四个特殊特征：一是所有者对其自身的人力资本并不具有不可分离的所有权和控制权；二是当发生产权残缺时人力资本可以以迥然于物质资本的方式回应，通过关闭人力资本达到效用享有的均衡；三是人力资本的使用和投资过程是同步合一的；四是缺乏有效计量人力资本的尺度和机制。

The situation of manpower shortage in the entrepreneurs human capital market is the factor which determines the entrepreneurs' strong position in the negotiations. The speciality, professionality and risk resisting ability of entrepreneurs human capital forms inherent basis of human capital negotiation power. Entrepreneurs human capital's contribution to the enterprise determines the performance criterion of entrepreneurs human capital negotiation power. These factors above together affect the entrepreneurs human capital negotiation power and determine entrepreneurs' ability to participate in enterprise's income distribution.

企业家人力资本市场的供不应求状况是决定企业家谈判力强势地位的环境因素，企业家人力资本的特殊性、专有性和风险抵押能力是企业家人力资本谈判力的内在基础，企业家人力资本对企业的贡献是决定企业家人力资本谈判力的绩效标准，上述因素共同作用影响企业家人力资本谈判力，决定了企业家有能力参与企业收益分配。

In the process of determining the quantization model of enterprise residual income allocation for human capital, this paper: first, takes the value devoted by human capital as the base point, determines the total amount of enterprise residual income allocation and introduces the economic value added index into this study; secondly, starting with the external factors (i.e. the value devoted by human capital and the negotiating power of human capital and material capital in the enterprise) that influence the proportion of human capital in enterprise residual income allocation, evaluates the negotiating power of human capital and material capital in the enterprise by using fuzzy synthetical evaluation method and puts forward the quantization method and application model for allocating the enterprise residual income between the owners of human capital and material capital; at last, determines the prorate of value devoted by individual human capital on the basis of their respective positions and calculates the amounts for individual human capital to allocate the enterprise residual income in combination with the performance examination for each department and individual human capital in the enterprise.

论文在确定人力资本参与企业剩余分配量化模型的过程中，首先以人力资本贡献价值为基点，明确企业剩余分配总量，引入经济增加值EVA指标；其次从影响人力资本参与企业剩余分配比例的外部因素—人力资本贡献价值和人力资本与物质资本在企业内的谈判力入手，用模糊综合评价法对人力资本和物质资本在企业内的谈判力进行评价，结合对人力资本的业绩考核，提出了企业剩余收益在人力资本所有者与物质资本所有者之间分配的量化方法和应用模型；最后用层次分析法确定个体人力资本的岗位贡献价值的权重，结合企业内对部门和个体人力资本的业绩考评，计算企业内每个个体人力资本分配企业剩余的数额。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。