亲水

As a result, an appropriate condition for benzene molecules dissolving homogeneously in supercritical water is recommended.

通过分析得出了苯在超临界水中亲水的结论，并推荐了较为适宜的亲水超临界条件。

However, most of these amphiphilic copolymers are composed of hydrophobic main chain and hydrophilic side chains.

但是，就目前的两亲性接枝共聚物而言，其主链大部分是由憎水链组成的，而支链则由亲水链组成。

When weig ht percentage of TiO 2 sol was10%-20%,the coating showed a good hydrophilicity after UV irr adiation for30～60min or sunlight irradiation for2～5hours. The hydrophil ic angle lowered to about 4degree and the surface of coated layer had the featu re of self-cleaning.

在TiO2溶胶质量分数为10%～20%时，该液体在基板上形成的涂层具有很好的超亲水特性，在UV光照射30～60min或阳光照射2～5h后，亲水角可低至4°左右，涂层表面呈现自洁特性。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

The polar hydrophilous amino acid Thr is replaced by an unpolar hydrophobous amino acid Ile, a hydrogen bond changed in the higher structure and the point is far away from the active center, so it doesn't influence the activity and thermostability a lot.

亲水的Thr108突变成非极性的Met，导致与该位点空间相邻的N116亲水氨基酸His的极性残基——咪唑环产生空间电位排斥，从而造成His所在的β折叠构象发生改变。

The bare copper portions are oleophilic and consequently fatty ink-accepting whereas the non-etched hydrophilic chromium portions are moistened by the aqueous liquid emulsified in the ink or provided by the damping system in the planographic printing device.

裸铜部分是亲油性，因此脂肪油墨，而在非亲水铬部分蚀刻接受均是由油墨乳化的水液湿或在平版印刷设备减震系统提供。

The preparation of avermyctin emulsions in water was achieved by mixing the surfactants polyoxyethylene (10) octylphenyl ether (OP10), polyoxyethylene styrenated phenol ether (602), and polyoxyethylene (40) castor oil ether (EL-40) with polyoxyethylene (20) castor oil ether (EL-20), separatively. Emulsion stability was investigated by analyzing the hydrophile-lipophile balance, critical micelle concentration, and surface tension. Then, the surfactants of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene styrenated phenol ether (1601), block copolymer (L64), and octyl phenyl polyoxyethylene phosphonate were added to the emulsion made by blending EL-40 and EL-20, separatively. The stability of the emulsions was investigated further and discussed in terms of droplet size, surface tension, and zeta potential.

首先将辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP10)、苯乙烯基酚聚氧乙烯醚(602)和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯(40)醚(EL-40)分别与蓖麻油聚氧乙烯(20)醚(EL-20)复配制备阿维菌素水乳剂，从亲水亲油平衡值、临界胶束浓度、表面张力等方面分析了二元表面活性剂复配对乳液稳定性的影响；其次，在EL-40与EL-20复配基础上，将苯乙烯基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚(1601)，嵌段共聚物(L64)和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯分别添加到乳液中，从粒径、表面张力和zeta电势等方面考察三元表面活性剂复配对乳液稳定性的影响。

The crocking resistance of coatings film is tested by use of adhesive tape, sticking off or peeling off of the marks painted with waterborne or solventborne marking pens.

结果发现表面粗糙度和表面助剂的共同作用可有效防止记号笔对涂层的粘结，粗糙表面的涂层亲水、亲油性对抗粘结作用有较大的影响，涂膜在水浸泡前后的抗粘性效果表现不同。

The LHR values of walnut shell, magnetite particles and ceramic sand were 76.41, 1.057 and 0.8769 respectively, which showed that walnut shell was lipophilic obviously while magnetite and ceramic sand seemed to be hydrophilic.

实验测得核桃壳、磁铁矿和陶粒砂的亲油亲水比依次为76.41、1.057和0.8769，说明核桃壳滤料的亲油性很好，而磁铁矿和陶粒砂滤料表现了更好的亲水性。

This hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic "sandwich" structure is conducive to the self-stability in mechanics, combination with membrane protein and transmembrane transport.

该亲水-疏水-亲水的&三明治&结构，有助于自身的力学稳定、与膜蛋白的结合、跨膜运输等。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失