产生金属的

The main object of this research is to investigate synthesis of Cu23Cl Cu and CuO nanoparticles through electrospinning and heat-treated method The research is mainly focused on preparative parameter and the change of heat-treated temperature to form the nanoparticles inlaid in silicon fibers the shape and color change are dicussed First of all to prepare the Polyvinyl butyral and silica dioxide complex nanofiber by electrospinning and then to investigate different heat-treated temperature and reactive time to being an influence on the products The results detected by SEM XRD TEM EDS FTIR combined sol-gel process and electrospinning can prepare Polyvinyl butyral and silica complex nanofiber The experimental result is found when heat-treated temperature is 100~4750C it can produce Cu23Cl nanoparticles; Above 4750C~ 4900C it can produce Cu nanoparticles; Above 450~7000C it can produce CuO nanoparticles And the viscosity is lain between 20~40cp and the sol-gel process time is 3hr it can produce the thinner fibers The average diameter of the fibers are 107 88±21 01nm;Due to the nanoparticles inlaid in the silica fibers the thinner fibers can be inlaid the smaller nanoparticles so this is the result that the experiment is expected To calcine the complex fibers is to produce surface silica fibers contain Cu23Cl Cu and CuO nanoparticles due to surface plasma resonance it make the color of the fibers become yellowish green from light white green turn into the red nuclear finally As the experimental result to utilize sol-gel process combine electrospinning can produce porous silica fibers contain Cu23Cl Cu and CuO nanoparticles

本研究旨在探讨「利用放电纺丝和热处理法来合成Cu23Cl、Cu和CuO奈米粒」之研究，实验著重在制备参数与热处理温度变化对所形成的奈米粒镶嵌在二氧化矽纤维中的形态与颜色变化探讨。首先，利用放电纺丝法制备出聚乙烯醇缩丁醛及二氧化矽之奈米纤维，比较不同的热处理温度与反应时间的改变对产物生成产生影响，进而研究不同热处理温度和时间对生成奈米粒的影响。产物经由SEM、XRD、TEM、EDS和FTIR等仪器分析结果显示，结合溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel process)和放电纺丝法可产生聚乙烯醇缩丁醛及二氧化矽复合奈米纤维。实验结果发现，若热处理温度在100~4750C下可得到Cu23Cl奈米粒，475~4900C 可得Cu奈米粒，450~7000C以上可得 CuO奈米粒。而黏度介於20~40cp间和溶胶-凝胶时间为3hr时，可产生直径比较细的纤维，纤维直径为107 88±21 01nm；且由於奈米金属颗粒镶嵌在二氧化矽纤维中，直径比较细的纤维，可以得到比较小的奈米金属颗粒，这与实验预期相符。而锻烧此复合物产生多孔的二氧化矽纤维并包含Cu23Cl、Cu和CuO奈米微粒时，由於表面电浆子共震关系，而使纤维颜色由淡白黄绿色变成黄绿色，再变红褐色。由实验结果得知，利用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel process)结合放电纺丝法和不同热处理温度，可产生Cu23Cl、Cu和CuO奈米粒镶嵌在二氧化矽纤维。

The byproducts using a HZSM-5 supported multi-metal catalyst are polymer of MXDA condensation detected by MS, which is different from the byproducts using the carbon supported metal catalyst.

反应副产物用MS定性分析表明：分子筛负载的多金属加氢催化剂与活性炭负载的多金属催化剂不同。分子筛负载的多金属加氢催化剂产生的副反应主要为MXDA的分子间脱氨缩合反应。

Faraday's law is that when the flux in the conductor loop changes, it produces electromotive force in the conductor loop, and obeys to contour integral law , Maxwell Curl Theory is that when the magnetic intensity of a certain point in ether space changes, there produces electric field at that point in ether space, which is the field mutual production theory of "electric field produces magnetic field and magnetic field produces electric field" in the free space which everybody is familiar with, and it obeys differential law , Lorentz magnetic force is that when metal electrons cut magnetic lines, metal electrons forced by move along the conductor to form inductive current, in fact, it doesn't matter whether coil moves or magnet moves, only if there exists relative motion between magnetic field and conductor, metal electrons must cut magnetic lines, which is,"coil stills while magnet moves to the left" and "magnet stills while coil moves to the right" these two situations are the same, which both belong to metal electrons having cut magnetic lines.

法拉第定律指导体环路里的磁通量发生变化时，在导体环路上产生电动势，而且服从围线积分律；麦克斯韦旋度理论指以太空间某点的磁场强度发生变化时，在以太空间的该点产生电场，即大家熟知的自由空间里"电场生磁场与磁场生电场"之互生场理论，而且服从微分律；洛伦兹磁力指金属电子切割磁力线时，金属电子受力沿着导体漂移而形成感应电流，其实，无论线圈运动或是磁铁运动，只要磁场与导体存在相对运动，则金属电子必然切割磁力线，即，"线圈静止而磁铁向左运动"与"磁铁静止而线圈向右运动"这两种情况是一样的，都属于金属电子切割了磁力线。

Numerical simulation results show that the fluid flow in Lost Foam Process was different from that in an ordinary green sand mold, the molten metal flow forwards in a circular-arc shape from the ingate, meanwhile, the nature of the gating system influenced the filling process notably. As the polystyrene pattern decomposition has a strong quenching effect on the flowing metal fornt, a high temperature gradient was formed at the flowing metal front, this resulted in the dropping of temperature of the metal to the liquidus temperature quickly and decreased the flowability of molten metal, the temperature distribution in the metal behind, however, was even. The properties of the pattern and the coating affected the temperature distribution remarkably.

从内浇口开始，金属液呈放射状均匀向前充填，同时浇注系统性质显著影响金属液充型过程的流场；由于聚苯乙烯模样气化吸热对金属液的激冷作用，在金属液流端部区域产生很大的温度梯度，使得端部区域金属液很快降至液相线温度，降低了金属液的充型能力，而后续金属液中温度分布则比较均匀，模样性能、涂料性能显著影响这一温度分布特点。

In addition, micromotion between the nonarticulating side of the liner and the interior of the shell may be a source of polyethylene debris generation, or "backside wear." Recognition of this problem has led to improements in the fixation of the liner within the metal shell, and some designs also hae included polishing the interior of the shell.

另外，内衬的非关节面与金属帽内面之间的微动也可能是聚乙烯颗粒产生的一个原因，这称为"背侧磨损"，认识到这个问题，人们开始改进聚乙烯内衬与金属帽间的固定，而有些类型的假体金属帽内面是抛光的。

In the electromagnetic field that countercurrent inductor produces, the metal droplet that melts gets the role suspension of electromagnetism force in quartz pipe center and had been heated up continuously. When metal droplet of melting have been heated up certain temperature surface beginning gasification, metal vapor tension will raise follow temperature go up, is heated continuously can have plenty of metal atoms overflow metal ball liquid surface, at the same time, as the inert gas of cooling medium, all along with certain current velocity, sideswipe the metal droplet surface that melts. Metal atoms fly out liquid surface according to certain way form the atom cluster by the condensing of inert air current, merger and the collision between crystal nucleus pellet and atom cluster form the smoke flame of nanoparticle pellet eventually.

在逆流感应器产生的电磁场中熔化的金属液滴受电磁力的作用悬浮于石英管中央并继续被加热，当金属熔球被加热到一定温度时表面开始气化，金属蒸气压随温度的升高而升高，继续受热会有大量的金属原子飞出熔球液面，与此同时，作为冷却介质的惰性气体始终以一定的流速掠过熔化的金属液滴表面，原子飞出液面受冷后就按照一定的方式凝聚成原子簇，在惰性气流中形核并随之长大，颗粒、原子簇间的碰撞与合并，最终形成金属纳米颗粒的烟焰。

The water/metal fuel motor system configuration is based on a numerical simulation of combustion.

水反应金属燃料发动机[1]是一种全新概念的水下高能量密度推进系统，其工作原理为：雷外海水在速度头作用下进入燃烧室，与燃烧室中以一定形态存在的金属燃料发生强烈放热反应，产生的热量使未参与反应的海水受热蒸发，混合高压气体通过发动机喷管膨胀做功产生推力，从而推动水下航行

The interaction between MT and AA was expressed by infrared spectra, the functional groups of -SH in MT had lone pair electrons, which could formπ-πwith -C=O in AA. The equilibrium binding experiment and Scatchard analysis showed, at least three kinds of binding sites would exist when MT-imprinted polymer formed, the most adsorption capacities were 3.3896mg/g, 0.9362mg/g, 1.6583mg/g respectively; most terminal thiolate sulfurs in MT were polymerized as binding sites in the process of polymerization, which could observed from TEM, binding capability of other thiolate sulfurs was weak since spatial hindrance existed.

采用红外光谱研究了加入金属硫蛋白后功能单体丙烯酸官能团谱峰的变化，结果表明金属硫蛋白分子中的-SH与丙烯酸中的C=O在氯仿溶液中能形成π-π键，由聚合物的吸附特性和Scatchard分析可以得出，金属硫蛋白印迹聚合物至少存在三种结合位点，其高、中、低的最大吸附量分别为3.3896mg/g、0.9362mg/g、1.6583mg/g；通过透射电镜可以观察到，金属硫蛋白在聚合过程中主要以分子两端的巯基作为结合位点，不同位置的巯基受到的空间位阻不同，导致产生了三种不同的结合位点。

According to the request of national regulation of verification of JJG259-1989 Standard Metal Tank and national technical specification of JJF1059-1999 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, the author adopted Type A and Type B uncertainty of evaluation methods. Standard uncertainty comes from various heft,liquid location difference in height of verified capacity measure,capacity of Gauge neck,difference in height of liquid location of gauge neck and standard capacity measurement.

根据JJG2591989《标准金属量器》国家检定规程和JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》国家技术规范的要求，通过采用不确定度A类和B类评定方法，具体分析包括被检量器的液位高度差，计量颈容量，计量颈液位高度差，标准金属量器等分量的产生及所引入的不确定度分量，从而获得标准金属量器测量结果的扩展不确定度。

The released species may facilitate and accelerate their detachment and diminish the initial elastic range of bone cement. This may create loosening or shrinking effect on the inserted stem. A conclusion for both behaviors suggest that a variation of relative and dynamic interface in use.

在骨泥与钛金属之长时间微幅运动作用下，骨泥材料受到压力、微幅运动及摩擦热的影响，其表面出现残屑堆积、热软化压平等现象，使得骨泥与钛金属界面产生滑移，进而产生残屑及粗糙度的改变。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。