产生金属的

Para. 11. The technologies used to immerse people in a computer-generated world will,however, change radically during the coming decade, making the begoggled cybernaut as quaint an image as the undersea explorer in a heavy metal diving helmet.

这些技术曾经使人们沉浸于一个电脑主宰的世界之中；然而，今后的十几年间，它们将产生巨大的变化，从而使得戴着观望镜的赛百空间遨游者的形象十分古怪，就像戴着沉重的金属潜海头盔的海底探险者一样。

Nanomaterials have many new characterizes which different from the normal materials for their small size, big surface area ratio and quanta dimension domino effect, for examples, the metal with good conductor will be turned into nonmetal when the size is reduced tonanometer levels; the resistance of originally nonconductor will be descended greatly when its size is reduced several nanometers or so, and loss the nonconductor property; the general solid is steady under certain conditions, while under nanometer conditions, the capabilities will be effected greatly by the granule sizes, the newness characteristics made nanomaterials have great appliance foreground on catalyze, optics, and industry produce and so on, therefore the nanomaterials have been the hotspot for materials science, chemistry science and so on.

纳米材料由于尺寸小、比表面积大和量子尺寸效应使它具有不同于常规固体材料的新的特征，如原来是良导体的金属，当尺寸减小到纳米量级时就变成非金属型；原来是绝缘体的物质，当尺寸减小到几纳米或几十纳米时电阻大大下降，失去了绝缘体特性；常规固体在一定条件下物理性能是稳定的，在纳米状态下，颗粒尺寸对性能产生强烈的影响等等，这些新奇的特点使得纳米材料在催化、光学、工业生产等各个方面都有着广阔的应用前景，因此，纳米材料目前已经成为材料科学、物理学及化学等学科的前沿热点。1990年7月在美国巴尔基摩召开了国际第一届纳米科学技术会议，正式把纳米材料科学作为材料科学的一个新的分支公布于世。

In reaction-injection moldinga mixture of two or more reactive fluids is forced under high pressure into the mold cavity.Chemical reactions take place in the mold rapidly and the polymer solidifies.Various fibers such as glass,graphite,or boron may also be used to reinforce the materials.Structural foams are also produced by a similar methodusing an inert gasand resin mixture.The product consists of a rigid cellular(closed-cell)structure with a continuous solid skin as muchas 0.080 in.(2mm)in thickness.There are several methods for forming structural foams with density reductions as much as 40% from the solid structure.Because stiffness is proportional to the third power of the thickness of a part,for the same weight of material used,cellular structures are stiffer than solid plastics or metals.

在反应注射成型所夹杂的两个或两个以上的接触过程中，被迫在高压下进入模具cavity.chemical反应发生在模具迅速和聚合物solidifies.various纤维如玻璃，石墨，或硼可能也可以用来加强materials.structural泡沫也产生类似的方法利用惰性气体和树脂mixture.the产品构成的一个硬性蜂窝的结构与连续性固皮肤作为留言Muchas 0.080英寸（ 2毫米），在thickness.there有几种方法，形成结构性的泡沫密度减少了四成之多，从固体structure.because刚度成正比第三力量厚度的一部分，为同样重量的使用材料，蜂窝结构更为严厉的比硬塑料或金属。

The direct electroreduction of nitrite requires large overpotential on most electrode surfaces, however, various transition-metal complexes were proved to be good catalysts for nitrite reduction.

NO〓〓的直接电还原需要很高的过电位，但各种各样的金属配合物被证明是NO〓〓电还原的良好催化剂，而我们在实验中惊奇地发现一系列饱和未取代的和稀土取代的杂多化合物对NO〓〓还原产生良好的催化作用。

First, we synthesized a new monomer,1-(3\'-aminopropyl)-4-acrylamido-1,2,3-triazole hydrochloride,via click chemistry and its block copolymer with NIPAM, PNIPAM-b-PAPAT,via RAFT polymerization.On the basis of the reaction between amine groups of the PAPAT block and glutaric dialdehyde,core cross-linked and shell cross-linked micelles with inverted structures were prepared at 25℃and 50℃,respectively.

借助于PAPAT嵌段上含有的氨基及PNIPAM嵌段的LCST效应，我们在其20℃和50℃的水溶液中分别制备了CCL胶束和SCL胶束，进一步地，我们利用由Click反应产生的1，2，3-三氮唑环对金属的强络合和稳定作用，分别对CCL胶束的内核与SCL胶束的外壳用金纳米粒子进行选择性修饰。

Inorganic salts produced in combustion of pyrotechnically generating aerosol fire extinguishing agent are strongly hygroscopic and potentially corrosive to metal surfaces in humid circumstances.

针对固体微粒气溶胶灭火剂对金属材料表面产生腐蚀性的问题，在气溶胶发生装置的释放通路中，通过汽化的十八胺对气溶胶固体颗粒进行原位表面包覆，采用扫描电镜和光电子能谱表征了包覆效果，对包覆前后气溶胶粒子的吸湿性和腐蚀性进行测试，结果表明有机包覆层的存在有效抑制了气溶胶颗粒的吸湿，达到了降低灭火气溶胶对铜片腐蚀性的目的

B、 In the laserablation study of composite materials composed of 〓 and ozonized〓 precipitate as well as metal fullerides 〓, endohedralmetallofullerenes of the type 〓 were formed in the positive ion channel. c、 Inthe laser ablation study of rhodium containing metal fulleride 〓, two sequencesof metallofullerenes were formed in both the positive and negative ion channels, with〓 and 〓.respectively.

在激光烧蚀金属富勒烯盐的实验中发现形成的金属富勒烯类型依赖于金属元素的性质、含量及金属富勒烯的制备方法：a、在〓的实验中观察到取代型金属富勒烯〓和〓正负离子的产生。b、在对含La和Y的富勒烯复合样品〓以及金属富勒烯盐〓的激光烧蚀过程中观察到金属内嵌富勒烯正离子团簇〓的产生。c、在〓的激光烧蚀实验中观察到两个系列金属富勒烯〓和〓的形成，在负离子通道中〓在正离子通道2n=48-56。

This paper gives a discussion on relation between shape,size and quality of welding seam ,and introduces the effect on liquidity of metal in molten bath and shape of molten bath from welding stress and the effect on size of welding seam from welding parameter and its technological factors.

论述了焊缝的形状尺寸与焊缝质量的关系，介绍了焊接中力对熔池金属的流动及熔池形状的影响、焊接参数和工艺因素对焊缝尺寸的影响，对焊缝缺陷产生的原因进行了分析并提出了预防措施。

In others with double-armed receptors, the probes 4-(N,N-bisacetoxyethylaminomethyl)-7-methoxycoumarin.(B3) and 4-N,N- bis(diethylaminodithiocarboxyethyl aminomethyl-7-methoxycoumarin (B4) with pronounced fluorescence enhancement response to special heavy and transition metal ions were proposed as PET mechanism; for those with double-armed receptors following ICT mechanism, their performances are influenced by not only the structure of the receptors but also the attaching position of it.

双臂香豆素类荧光分子探针体系中，我们研究了含有不同杂原子的识别基团对PET型荧光探针识别性能的影响，优化了探针的选择性，得到了可以选择性识别某种过渡金属和重金属离子的荧光增强型分子探针4--7-甲氧基香豆素(B3)和4--7-甲氧基香豆素B4而在ICT型荧光探针的研究中，我们发现具有不同杂原子的识别基团可以对识别性能产生影响的同时，连接位置的改变也对识别能力有很大的影响。

The experimental result shows that when the discharge time was more than 1.5μs, small crack emerged in the fuses due to mechanical force on the heated fuse, and the metallized layer would be evaporated as the crack became long enough to generate disruptive discharge. When the discharge time was less than 150ns, small crack emerged in the fuses due to the current heat, and the metallized layer would be evaporated as the crack became long enough to generate disruptive discharge.

实验结果表明：当熔丝的通流时间大于1.5 ms时，电流热效应产生的机械力使安全膜熔丝的金属层产生微小裂纹，当裂纹达到一定长度，两端发生击穿放电，金属层因蒸发而断开；当熔丝中通过较大的电流时，短时间内(50 ns)的电流热效应使熔丝金属层发生熔化产生裂纹，裂纹两端发生击穿放电，金属层因蒸发而断开。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。