产生作用

Mechanistically, expression of a molecule known as P-selectin by the platelets was crucial for mediating the platelet-neutrophil interaction, which induced platelets to produce proinflammatory factors such as TXA2. The authors therefore suggest that disrupting the platelet-neutrophil interaction or blocking the proinflammatory factors produced as a result of this interaction might provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of individuals with ALI.

具体来说，体现在分子水平上就是由血小板产生的血小板蛋白对于调解血小板和中性粒细胞交互影响起着关键作用，它能够诱导血小板产生致炎因素如血栓素A2等，该文作者因此认为，或许破坏血小板与中性粒细胞间的相互作用或者阻断相互作用所产生的致炎因素可以提供一种新的方法用于治疗急性肺损伤。

Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.

绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病，不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病，在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况；这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是，单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%；并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且，这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后，而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖，遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以，白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。

Because of terrains the unsymmetrically loading has an important effect on induced stress field of surrounding rock. So the bias tunnel makes a great difference in the stress field and plastic zone of surrounding rock.

由于地形关系产生的偏压作用对隧道开挖后的二次应力场产生了很大影响，由此产生了围岩的位移场和塑性区与一般隧道有很大不同。

The experimental results show the validness of the mechanism analyses.2. According to the generation mechanism of the leak acoustic signal, the characteristics of the leak acoustic signal are investigated. The auto correlation technology is adopted to descript the leak signal characteristics due to the ability to analyze the coherence of time series. A new procedure to identify the leak acoustic signal from the disturbed noises is proposed based on the conjunction of correlation and approximate entropy algorithm.3. The principle and application in leak location of the correlation and the adaptive filter techniques are introduced. The problems of the traditional leak location methods are analyzed.4. In order to establish the leak detection signal model, the leak acoustic propagation characteristics are investigated experimentally.

从泄漏声产生机理出发，分析了管道泄漏处湍流拟序结构与空泡间相互作用的机理，认为在该机理作用下，泄漏声信号产生过程具有&不可重复&的特征；由于相关函数具有分析时间序列拟序结构的能力，且近似熵从统计的角度区别时间过程的复杂性，因此，提出将信号相关分析和近似熵理论相结合的方法，提取泄漏声信号&不可重复&的特征，辨识管道泄漏故障发生；在实际检测现场，由于各种管内和管外固定声源噪声(如阀门噪声、工地施工噪声等)常导致泄漏误判和漏点定位错误，重点分析了管内固定噪声源的产生机理和特征，为复杂干扰环境下的泄漏辨识提供理论支持。

The results indicate that the formation of loess vertical joints can be divided into two phases:① the formation of inner fissure, i.e. in the beginning of deposition, the undulation of terrain leads to uneven distribution of loess, then when it rains uneven collapsibility generates, which leads to generate inner fissures ;② the stage of fissure extension, namely loess continues deposition after the inner fissures have been formed, the increasing of the top pressure makes the top of inner fissure lie in the state of tensile stress, so, when the stress reaches its tensile strength, the inner fissure extends along the vertical direction and then becomes a vertical joint.

结果表明黄土垂直节理的形成可分为 2 个阶段：①内裂隙形成阶段，开始沉积时，由于地形的起伏导致黄土厚度上的分布不均匀，在降雨时产生不均匀湿陷，从而导致产生内裂隙；②裂隙扩展阶段，内裂隙形成后黄土继续堆积，顶部压力的增长致使裂隙顶部土体受到拉应力作用，当达到其抗拉强度时裂隙就会沿竖直方向产生扩张而形成垂直节理。

And then a local extension took place in the region of intra-Eastern Tethys when the India plate drifted to the north but suffered the resistance from the Lhasa block, contemporarily, the intra-oceanic subduction are triggered, subsequently, magmas derived from a partial melting of mantle wedge which suffered from the modification by subducted continental marginal clastics and oceanic sediments upwelled along the oceanic ridges, forming several small marginal basins during 120～128 Ma, and thus lead to the so-called SSZ-type oceanic crust.

于120～128Ma，一些规模较小的边缘洋盆形成，卷入陆缘碎屑和洋壳沉积的地幔楔发生熔融产生岩浆，沿着破裂的扩张脊上涌产生了具有TNT负异常的SSZ型新洋壳，期间产生了俯冲洋壳重熔作用，标志着年轻的热的洋壳俯冲形成的埃达克岩侵入于仁布SSZ蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中。

Increases in dystrophin expression were shown in muscle biopsies from a number of the boys participating in the trial.

在大约百分之15的裘辛型的男孩，dystrophin基因突变产生起作用的告诉肌肉细胞在成足够长的时间前就产生一个信号，停止dystrophin蛋白质产生。

The pathogen of gas gangrene mainly exist and live in local place, and seldom enter blood system to cause blood poisoning, but than can form lots of toxins, this toxins can harm blood system, kidney system, and also the tissue can putrescence and the wound will enlarge step by step, all tissue putrescence and toxin can make these bacteria easier to live and reproduce, all these situation if not being control in time will lead a serious situation that multiple organs dysfunction and then died

气性坏疽的病原菌主要在伤口内生长繁殖很少侵入血液循环引起败血症。产气夹膜杆菌产生α毒素、胶原酶透明质酸酶、溶纤维酶和脱氧核糖核酸酶等，红细胞破坏引起溶血血红蛋白尿、尿少、肾组织坏死水肿、液化，肌肉大片坏死使病变迅速扩散、恶化。糖类分解产生大量气体使组织膨胀；蛋白质的分解和明胶的液化，产生硫化氢，使伤口发生恶臭由于局部缺血，血浆渗出，及各种毒素的作用伤口内的组织和肌肉，进一步坏死和腐化，更利于细菌的繁殖使病变更为恶化。

Applied with test of potted plant and measurement absorbency for study physiological response of activity of cell defense enzymes and lipid peroxidation of slash pine's half-sib under water stress. There are 7 families comparison with general slash pine. The contents of superoxide dismutase, catalase, antioxidant, malondialdehyde and the rate of superoxide anion(-O2) generating are mensurated under normal water condition while soil water content is 70% and light water stress while soil water content is 55% to 60% and medium water stress while soil water content is 35% to 40% and heavy water stress while soil water content is 20% to 25%. The test result indicate that either water grads or families of contents of SOD,CAT,AsA,MDA are mighty notable difference. The rate of -O2 generating is notable difference within families. The rate of -O2 generating is mighty notable difference within water grades.

为研究湿地松优良半同胞家系保护酶及脂质过氧化作用对水分逆境的生理响应，采用盆栽试验和吸光度测定结合的方法，以普通湿地松种子为对照，测定了七个湿地松半同胞家系在正常水分状态（土壤相对含水量为70%）、弱度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为55%~60%）、中度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为35%~40%）和强度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为20%~25%）条件下的SOD、CAT、AsA、MDA的含量和-O2产生速率，研究结果表明：无论是不同水分梯度还是不同家系水平，SOD、CAT、AsA活性和MDA含量的差异均达极显著水平，不同家系水平间-O2产生速率有显著差异，不同水分梯度间-O2产生速率差异达极显著水平。

But the speech hegemony caused by the ideologization of scientism has done some damage to the many-faceted of human culture, and brings about many harmful affect for social lives, which is also the main reason of the emergence of " critique of scientism".

科学主义意识形态化后所造成的话语霸权曾对文化多元性的发展产生巨大的破坏作用，对社会生活产生多方面的影响，这也是&科学主义批判&产生的主要原因。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷