产热的

In conclusion, the lag phase of Streptococcus thermophilus was shorten in the eutrophy culture medium, and the time achieving the culminated point of logarithmic phase was shorted also, at the same time, the stationary phase lengthened. After secondary culture, Streptococcus thermophilus reached directly the log phase hardly through the lag phase, and then quickly reached the decline phase. There were more relations of the metabolic regalities of the three kinds of nutritive substances with the super-concentrated incubation process of Streptococcus thermophilus: the more the number of the bacteria, the quicker the metaboling, while the fewer, the slower the metabolism. Moreover, there apparently existed morphologic changes in this course, and there maybe existed the apoptosis, which correlated with bacteria propagation and acid producing. With the culture time postponed, the nutritive substances in the culture medium lacked also, and the morphologic change and apoptosis appeared more obviously.

结果表明，嗜热链球菌在营养丰富的培养基中的生长延滞期缩短，到达对数生长顶点的时间变短，稳定期的时间延长，当经过二次培养后，嗜热链球菌几乎不经过延滞期直接到达对数期，平稳期持续的时间较短，很快到达衰亡期；嗜热链球菌在超浓缩培养过程中三大营养物质的代谢规律也同它的培养过程有很大的关系，菌数多，其代谢旺盛，菌数降低其代谢速度减慢；嗜热链球菌在超浓缩培养过程中存在着明显的菌体形态变化，并可能存在着细胞凋亡，与菌体增殖和产酸规律密切相关，随着培养时间延长，培养基中营养物质变得贫乏，菌体形态变化和细胞凋亡的情况愈加明显。

The bio-oil was composed of acetic acid, hydroxyacetaldehy, acetol, levoglucosan, furaldehyde, and a small quantity of phenols.

结果表明，热解温度为460~520℃时热解油产率最大，主要有醋酸、羟基乙醛、羟基丙酮、左旋葡聚糖、糠醛，油热值为17.0MJ.kg-1；热解气主要为CO2和CO，还含有少量H2、CH4和C2~C4的烯烃。

Aspergillus WQ is selected to explore the factors which affect producing enzymes. The best carbon source is crystallitic cellulose+straw powder, the best nitrogen source is peptone+yeast abstract cream, the best growing temperature is 35℃and the best initial pH is 5.5. WQ can produce the largest quantity of enzymes after being cultivated eight days.

从50℃左右牛粪自然堆肥中筛选了一株产酶量较高的曲霉WQ，对影响其产纤维素酶的因素和酶的热稳定性进行了初步研究，结果表明：液体发酵时，该菌最佳碳源是微晶纤维素+稻草粉组成的复合碳源，最佳氮源是蛋白胨+酵母膏的复合氮源，最适生长温度为35℃，最适起始pH值为5.5，在生长第8天产酶量最高。

But ferrous sulfate the by-product of TiO2 cannot be effectively used enough in our country over a long period. In order to solve above questions, the dissertation has done some works as follows:Firstly, the process of purifying by-product of TiO2-ferrous sulfate is studied. The craft and condition of the synthesis of micaceous iron oxide with by-product of TiO2-ferrous sulfate was studied through experiments.

它们都可以通过钛白副产硫酸亚铁为原料制备，但是长期以来，我国硫酸法生产钛白的副产物硫酸亚铁得不到充分有效地利用，针对以上情况，本论文主要作了以下几个方面的工作：首先，研究了钛白副产硫酸亚铁的净化工艺路线，讨论了钛白副产硫酸亚铁水热法合成云母氧化铁的工艺路线和条件，讨论了影响云母氧化铁生成的因素，得出了红、棕、灰云母氧化铁合成的控制条件。

Study result suggest: The change of stock in RFCCU directly affect gasoline content. Gasoline content can be reduced through increasing the equilibrium activity of catalyst, controlling reaction level, increasing recirculating rate of gasoline and stability of gasoline level. Conclusions drawn from experiment is that optimization of operating condition has great effect on lowering olefine content of gasoline which can be reduced from 60% to 50%.Reducing reaction temperature is useful for lowering olefine content of gasoline, when the reaction temperature is raised, thermal cracking rate is higher than catalytic cracking rate, so that olefine content is increased. Raising catalyst-to-oil ratio is good for lowering olefine content. With conversion rate increased, the yield of LPG and coke is raised, the yield of gasoline is increased firstly and then decreased slightly, hydrogen transfer index is increased, so the olefine content is decreased.

研究结果表明：催化裂化装置的原料的变化直接影响到催化汽油的烯烃含量；可以通过优化催化装置的操作条件来降低催化汽油中的烯烃含量，其中通过提高催化剂平衡活性、控制反应深度、增加汽油回炼量、汽油深度稳定可以降低催化汽油烯烃含量，优化工艺条件对降低催化汽油烯烃含量有较大作用，汽油烯烃含量由60％降至50％左右；降低反应温度有利于降低催化汽油的烯烃含量，当反应温度的提高，热裂化反应速度提高的幅度大于催化裂化反应速度提高的幅度，汽油烯烃含量增加；剂油比的提高有利于降低催化汽油的烯烃含量，转化率提高，液化气产率提高，汽油收率先增加后略有下降，焦炭产率增加，氢转移反应指数提高，汽油烯烃含量下降；反应时间对产品分布及汽油烯烃含量有影响，增加提升管反应时间，液化汽、汽油产率提高，干气和焦炭产率增加。

The power-time curves of E.coli reacting with Co-SG at different temperature has been determined by microcalorimtric method The multiplication rate constant k, generation time G,bacterial growth inhibition ratio I,total thermogenetic quantity Q, the heat quantity of a single bacterium Q_(0) and the heat quantity of a single bacterium per minute have also been calculated according to the power-time curves.

用微量热法测定了大肠杆菌及其在Co -SG配合物作用下的热谱曲线，计算了速率常数k ，传代时间G、抑制I、总产热量Q、单个细菌的产热量Q0 和每分钟单个细菌的产热量 Q0 ，建立了部分代谢参数之间的关系，探讨了大肠杆菌在不同温度和Co -SG作用下的代谢抑制，发现可用t、tr、tg和 Q0 定量表征在不同温度下大肠杆菌的生长代谢和药物的抗菌活性。

However, the technical practice of the alloy obviously appeared unsatisfication in hot working: The hot working temperature range is narrow and the fissures can be easily generated, The cracks were resulted from unappropriate operation.

但是该合金的工艺实践证明其热加工并不令人满意，热加工温度范围窄、且易产生发纹，控制不当，更易引起加工开裂，故热加工难度大，并严重影响合金质量和材料的成品率。

Database of physical and chemical properties for solid wastes were constructed through investigation for single typical component and their mixture of solid wastes. The particulate trajectory model and heat transfer model were developed, based on the studies of Characteristics of solid wastes movement and heat mass transfer in rotary kiln. Pyrolysis experiments of solid wastes in lab and pilot scale rotary kiln pyrolyzers were performed. Mechanism of pyrolysis for typical solid wastes was analyzed. The characteristics of pyrolytic products, such as physical and chemical properties, composition and combustibility, etc, were investigated. A neural network model for the prediction of yields and properties of pyrolysis products was developed. Then, the potential applications of pyrolytic products and the substitution of pyrolytic fuels for corresponding commercial furls were investigated. The optimization of energy recovery and utilization for different wastes through pyrolysis was analyzed.

通过对典型固体废物组分及其混合物特性的分析，建立了固体废物的化学特性分析数据库，并据此进行了物理分类；对固体废物在回转窑内的运动和传热特性进行了研究，建立了固体物料的随机颗粒滚动理论模型和传热模型；在小型和中试回转式热解炉上进行了实验；对各种典型固体废物在回转窑内的热解机理和主要热解产物的性质进行了研究；利用神经网络等方法建立了各典型固体废物的热解产物的产率及特性的数学预测模型；对固体废物热解产物的物性、成分、燃烧特性等开展了研究，分析了其与现有商业燃料匹配的可能性；对热解产物的多种应用性能进行了研究，对不同废物热解中的能源回收和利用进行了优化分析。

The results indicate the mutual effect exists between the single coals, which could increase the maximum of thermal weight loss obviously and has a small effect on the temperature extent of the weight loss. The main pyrolysis production of coal is coke, but the main production of waste plastics is tar; the yield of water became decrease and the gas became increase by adding the waste plastics. And the CRI and CSR decreased with the ratio of waste plastics in coal. The main ingredients of tar from blend coal are aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane, while those of waste plastics are alkane and alkene. The result of co-coking with coal and waste plastics make the light tar and the aromatic hydrocarbon increase obviously. The combustible ingredient(CO、H2、CH4) of gas from co-coking with coal increase at different ratio; Co-coking with coal and waste plastics could increase the combustible ingredient and thermal value of gas.

结果表明，废塑料与煤混合物在煤的塑性温度区间内存在明显的相互作用，使最大热解失重峰迁移，热解速率变大，且随着废塑料配比的增加呈现规律性的变化；煤热解产物固体焦炭为主，而废塑料的热解产物以焦油为主，废塑料的添加使得总体焦炭和水产率下降，焦炉煤气和焦油的产率增加，即共焦化呈现出明显的&增油减水&效应；随着塑料添加量的增加，焦炭热强度呈现劣化趋势；废塑料代替瘦煤配煤炼焦可使其比例提高到3%而不影响焦炭的质量；纯煤焦化所得焦油以芳香烃类和烷烃类为主，而废塑料热解焦油以烷烃和烯烃为主；废塑料配煤炼焦，可使得的焦油呈现&环构化&和&轻质化&趋势；废塑料的添加可使煤气中的可燃组分(CO、H2、CH4)的含量均有不同程度的增加；废塑料配煤炼焦可以优化焦炉煤气的组成，增加煤气中的可燃组分，提高焦炉煤气的热值。

Through analysis of the thermal equilibrium to the coke oven, it's determined that the sensible heat recoveries of the hot coke physical thermal energy, crude gas, and combustion waste gas are the main three aspect of the residual heat recovery in coke production. Among these, hot coke physical thermal energy is prime recovery resource with an approximate occupation of 35% of the total coke oven heat. On studying to the production processing of coke oven gas purification system, residual heat resource composite, energy system structure, and the state of the art of the recovery of the heat source, it's determined that the way of residual heat resource utilization is mainly to modify the chemical processing and the high temperature recovery processing medium, the energy system mainly adopts home-grown energy resource (coke oven gas. etc.) in stead of direct outsourcing.

通过对炼焦炉的热平衡分析，确定了炼焦生产余热资源的回收利用主要方向为回收红焦物理热、荒煤气和燃烧废气显热，其中，红焦显热占供入焦炉热量的35%左右，是主要研究对象；通过分析煤气净化系统生产工艺和余热资源构成，以及能源系统结构和工艺现状，确定了煤气净化系统余热资源利用途径以调整化工工艺、回收高温工艺介质余热为主，能源系统以采用自产能源替代直接外购能源为主。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。