产下

In vitro, we cultured human and rabbit retinal Müller cells by way of mixed enzyme digestion and tissue adherence, using human retina of an abortus of 6 months and healthy rabbit.

取孕6个月引产胎儿，死后2h内无菌条件下摘取眼球，剥取视网膜组织，混合酶消化法培养人视网膜Müller细胞；取健康新西兰大白兔，死后以最快的速度无菌条件下摘取眼球，组织块贴壁法培养兔视网膜Müller细胞；利用含胎牛血清的高糖DMEM作为培养液，不添加生长因子。

Under optimal conditions, oxidation of ethylbenzene into acetophenone under 1 atm O2 and 1 mol% NHPI reach to 64% yield.

在最佳的催化状态下，苯乙烷能在1 atm的氧气、1 mol% NHPI与轴向配位基为吡啶的紫质修饰二氧化钛共催化下，氧化成苯乙酮，并得到64%的产率。

Significant improvements to the TOPMODEL were made on the distributed computation of runoff yield in the mesh scale which is equivalent to that of DEM in one hand,and an isochrones hydrograph was calibrated from rainfallrunoff observations for watershed convergence simulations on the other hand.These improvements were made to enhance the simulation ability of the TOPMODEL,meanwhile to extend the model′s adoptability in rainfallrunoff simulations to middle and large scale watersheds.

考虑到流域地形、下垫面条件及流域气象条件的空间差异性，将TOPMODEL的产流计算细化到每个栅格，以改进模型的分布式计算，并在考虑地形坡度影响的情况下，根据降水-径流资料优选出的参数率定等流时线、利用率定的等流时线进行流域的汇流计算，以提升TOPMODEL在中、大尺度流域模拟演算的能力。

Benzoin condensation using imidazolium based ionic liquids as solvent for the first time has been successfully achieved. The reaction conditions have been studied in detail. When under 65 and with 0.5 equiv. NaOH in ionic liquid l-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetraborate, benzoin was obtained in excellent yield of 91%. Recycling of ionic liquid has been available.

首次探索并成功实现了在咪唑鎓盐离子液体中进行苯偶姻缩合反应，详细探讨了反应条件，当反应在65℃下和0.5当量NaOH存在下以及在离子液体4-丁基-1-甲基咪唑鎓四氟硼酸盐中进行时，苯偶姻产率可达91％；并对离子液体进行了有效回收再利用。

Based on the assessment of mycelial biomass, xylanase activity and content of xylose-equivalent reducing sugars in their liquid cultures, the isolate CY4786 was best for xylanase production in a basal medium containing birchwood xylan (10.0 g/L)as a sole carbon source, yeast extract (2.5 g/L) and sea salts (15.0 g/L) with initial pH 7.8. When assayed at the optimized regime of 50℃ and pH 4.6, the activity of xylanase produced by CY4786 in 7d liquid culture at 25℃ reached 1.07 × 104 unit/mL.

根据培养液中菌丝生物量、木聚糖酶活力和木糖等价还原糖含量等指标的测定，菌株CY4786在起始pH 7.8的木聚糖-酵母膏-海盐液体培养基中25℃下震荡(100r/min)培养7d产酶最佳；粗酶液在50q℃和pH 4.6的优化条件下进行测定，木聚糖酶活力达到1.07×104U/mL。

In view of practical problem during Sulige gas field development, this paper complete follow study content. Study material balance theory of two district compound gas reservoir. Carry out stress sensitivity experiment on matrix rock and labor created fracture core from Sulige gas field with America Core Company high pressure high temperature flow experimental instrument to study stress sensitivity change rule of different permeability matrix rock and created fracture core at the condition of time and again switch on and off well and different drawdown pressure. Carry out depletion experiment on matrix rock of different permeability serial combination with different kinds of allocation, using double core clamper serial connected experimental apparatus, to study gas well production performance of bi-zonal compound low permeability reservoir during low pressure production stage. At the basis of experimental study, establish single well simulation model to analyze development index infection caused by stress sensibility and production performance infection rule caused by inner formation and outer formation of bi-zonal compound gas reservoir permeability variation while considering stress sensitivity.

针对苏里格低渗气田开发中存在的实际问题，完成以下研究内容；研究了两区复合气藏物质平衡原理；利用美国岩芯公司高温高压流动实验仪，对取自苏里格气田基质岩芯和人工造缝岩芯进行应力敏感实验，研究不同渗透率基质岩芯和造缝岩芯在多次开关井和不同生产压差条件下的应力敏感变化规律；采用双岩芯夹持器串联实验装置，对不同渗透率串联组合的基质岩芯进行各种配产条件下的衰竭实验，研究两区复合的低渗储层气井在低压生产阶段的生产动态特征；在实验研究的基础上，建立单井模拟模型分析储层应力敏感性和非均质性对开发指标的影响，研究考虑应力敏感时两区复合气藏储层中内区和外区渗透率变化对开发动态的影响规律。

This article studied differences in postpartum fatigue and birth outcomes between women who pushed immediately and those who delayed pushing during the second stage of labor. Data were collected from primiparous women in their 38th to 42nd gestational week who did not receive epidural analgesia during labor and were free of complications during pregnancy. Using a quasi-experimental design, 72 participants selected by convenient sampling were assigned based on individual participant's preference to either an experimental or control group. For the experimental group, pushing was delayed until the point after full cervical dilation at which the mother felt a strong physical pushing reflex, the fetal head had both descended to at least the +1 level in the pelvis and turned to the occiput anterior position, and uterine contractions were at least 30 mmHg. For the control group, the physician instructed mothers to begin pushing after full cervical dilation at the point when the fetal head was in the occiput anterior position and uterine contractions were at least 30 mmHg.

本研究目的在探讨初产妇女第二产程立即用力与延迟用力对产后疲惫及生产结果的影响，收案对象为怀孕38-42周初产妇女、待产期间未施打硬脊膜外麻醉，且怀孕期间无任何合并症，於待产期间向其解释研究目的及收案方法后予以收案，采类实验设计法，以方便取样并依个案之意愿分派於实验组及控制组，实验组於子宫颈完全扩张后等到强烈想用力的感觉、胎头位到达坐骨棘连线下1公分以下、胎头位置转到枕前位、子宫收缩规律强度至少30mmHg才教导向下用力；控制组於子宫颈完全扩张后即教导向下用力，共收案72位。

For the first time we synthesized nanoscale metal hydrides of lanthanum, neodymium, samarium, dysprosium, and ytterbium with high efficiency under mild condition by complexometric catalysis instead of traditional preparation at high temperature and high pressure. It is for the first time that we synthesized lanthanide organic compounds with catalysts or initiating agents at atmosphere and ambient temperature,and some of them are new compounds. Nanometric lanthanide metal powders are prepared by thermal decomposition of the compounds in vacuum. Differently from the traditional method, size of the products prepared by our method is less than 40nm, and the activity of the reaction is very high. They are pyrophoric at atmosphere. They can make some reactions without activity or low activity show extremely high activity .We investigated influent regulations of methods, conditions to scale and special surface.

我们首次成功地用络合催化等方法取代需在高温高压下进行的传统方法，在温和条件下高效率地合成出纳米尺寸镧、钕、钐、镝、镱的金属氢化物；首次在常压常温的条件下，通过催化、引发等方法合成镧系金属有机化合物，再将其真空热分解成功地制备了纳米尺寸的镧、钕、钐、镝、镱等金属粉末；与传统方法不同，这些方法得到的产品基本颗粒尺寸小于 40 nm，遇到空气燃烧，具有极高的化学反应活性，使原来活性很低甚至观察不到活性的反应大幅度提高反应速率和产率；考察了制备方法、制备条件等因素对晶粒尺寸、比表面积大小等的影响规律。

The results sh~wed that there were significant differences between sexual forms and parthenogenetic forms of cotton aphid with characteristic bands appeared.

棉蚜性蚜人工诱导的试验结果表明：14C和 18'C下能诱导性蚜产生，而 22℃下诱导则不产生性蚜，可以估计棉蚜性蚜产生的临界温度约为 20'C左右。14℃、18℃下随光照时间的缩短棉蚜性蚜比例有提高的趋势。

In other words, regional mean runoff may be considered as the difference values between mean rainfall and infiltrations over a given heterogeneous land surface region, and the mean infiltration for the region may be calculated from two parts of infiltrations for saturation and non-saturation areas.

换言之，区域内地表产流率可视为区域平均降水量与区域平均的土壤下渗量之差值，而区域内土壤的平均下渗量又可分为非饱和区和饱和区两部分的下渗量来分别计算。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。