交配的

It includes as follows:(1) That the right acceptance probability to decide the initial value temperature should be 0.6 are presented by experiment. For the first time, crossover and mutation operator are used in populations to calculate the initial value of temperature. At least the initial value of temperature is 〓.(2) Replacing random change operator with crossover and mutation operators.

2使用遗传算法中交配与突变代替模拟退火算法中随机扰动操作，对两种操作方法进行定性分析，得到突变和交配操作与随机扰动方法在本质上的一致性；同时首次提出在不同温度条件下，使用不同的比例因子，控制参与交配与突变的基因位数，实现了二次使用模拟退火算法的过程。

The effects of mating experience and temperature on the production of the female black cutworm moth's sex pheromone were studied in this paper. The results indicated that the mating experience did not significantly affect the production of sex pheromone.

中文摘要：研究了交配和温度对小地老虎雌蛾性信息素产生的影响，结果表明，交配对性信息素各组分的滴度无显著影响，因此不影响小地老虎在下一暗期的再次求偶和交配。

Negative assorative mating occurs when dissimilar phenotypes breed together, leading to OUTBREEDING.

反向选型交配则发生在不相似的表型在一起生育时，可以导致异系交配。

Continuous observations using the video recording system showed that in the three biotypes,the earliest copulation events occurred 2-6 h after emergence and 56-73%of females copulated at least once by 12 h after emergence.

3B型烟粉虱与ZHJ2型烟粉虱的生殖隔离程度与同型雌雄虫之间的交配次数和频率相比，B型烟粉虱和ZHJ2型烟粉虱之间的交配次数显著减少，交配频率显著下降。

Mating affects significantly the behavior and physiology of mated female insect:increases the fecundity of female, degreases the attractiveness of males and theacceptance of mating, affects the longevity of mated femal.

交配影响了雌性昆虫的生殖行为和生理，主要表现在三个方面：1，促进雌虫产卵和卵子成熟；2，降低雌虫性诱惑力，抑制二次交配；3，影响雌虫寿命，以上效应我们称之为交配效应。

Scorpion males save themselves by stinging their partners into submission, mantises wait until a female has fed to approach her and spiders actually bring an offering of food in the hope that they themselves will not be the main course.

比如，蝎子的最大敌人竟然是自己，超过一半的雄性沙漠蝎子都是死于交配完成之后的雌性配偶。不过，雄性蝎子自有策略，在与雌性发生性交配前会蛰一下雌性，让雌性完全屈服，以避免雌性交配完成后将其完全吞食。而雄性蜘蛛为了避免不被雌性吞食，它们会用爪子紧紧抓住雌性蜘蛛的下颚，或者为雌性带来了一些食物，从而转移雌性的注意力。

The polymorphism traits were compose d of heterozygosity , number of allele, range of allele-length between the maximum and minimum and informative meioses from reference populat ion and the observed paternal heterozygosity , maximum proportion of ha lf informative mating, observed proportion of half informative mating and informative meioses from experimental population.

分析了62个微卫星在参考群中的杂合程度、等位基因数、等位基因范围和信息配子数与实验群中相应微卫星的父本观察杂合度、最大半同胞信息交配比例、观察半同胞信息交配比例和信息配子数的相关程度，其中父本观察杂合度与最大半同胞信息交配比例相关系数最高为0。

The fertile ratio of isolates from Jiangsu was 22.77%on average. Among them only 23 crosses produced ascospores and the ratio was 7.1%. But the fertile ratio showed great variation annually, 26.61%in 1997, 8.26%in 1998 and 33.64%in 1999 respectively. In addition, the fertile ratio of tested isolates collected from different areas was also dissimiar., 26.15%and 25.42%from Tongzhou and Ganyu, and only 15.38%from Yixing.

不同年份、不同地区采集的稻瘟病菌菌株的性亲和力和交配型有较大的差异，三年的交配率分别为26.61%、8.26%和33.64%；通州地区和赣榆地区菌株的交配率相对较高，分别为26.15%和25.42%，宜兴地区菌株的交配率较低，只有15.38%。

The B males interfered more successfully with courtships initiated by rival males of another biotype than by males of the same biotype,while indigenous males interfered more successfully with courtships initiated by males of the same biotype than by rival males of the B biotype.

然而，ZHJ1型雄虫和AN型雄虫每次与雌虫交配后就离开，未表现有交配后保卫行为，这便有利于其它雄虫对交配过的雌虫进行求偶。

The results are summarized as follows:(1) Observing and recording copulation events of whiteflies on plants using a video cameraA cost-effective,efficient,and reliable video recording system for observing and recording the mating behaviour of whitefly on live plants was developed.

结果如下：(1)使用摄像机观察和记录烟粉虱在活体植物上的交配行为研发了一套用于观察和记录烟粉虱在活体植物上交配行为的摄像系统，经验证该系统可以准确、连续地观察和记录该虫在较自然状态下的求偶和交配行为。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐