交通

The development process of urban traffic signal control systems is simply reviewed, and the actuals and evolvement of traffic systems such as SCOOT, SCATS, UTOPIA, RHODES, OPAC and PRODYN are introduced. The above systems′ characteristics and shortages are analyzed. This paper points out that the keys for improving the performances of urban traffic signal control system are high quality detection data of traffic volume and traffic models.The development of urban traff...

简单回顾城市交通信号控制系统的发展过程；重点介绍SCOOT、SCATS、UTOPIA、RHODES、OPAC和PRODYN系统的现状和进展，分析其特点和不足；通过分析指出：提高城市交通控制系统性能的关键是高质量的交通量检测数据和交通模型，显然，把先进的智能控制技术、信息融合和处理技术与交通管理技术结合起来，才是城市交通信号控制系统发展的方向。

According to different scale,structural layout and land use characteristics of cities,to give priority to the development of public traffic energetically,advisably develop private cars in reason,establish a urban traffic system that can reduce traffic congestion,deduce traffic pollution,save energy,be propitious to urban environment and be composed of diversified urban transportation tools.

和谐的城市交通，要求根据城市不同的规模、结构布局和土地利用特性等，大力优先发展公共交通，合理适量的发展私人汽车，创建一个能够减轻交通拥挤、减少交通污染、节约能源、有利于城市环境、由多元化城市交通工具所组成的可持续发展的城市交通体系。

According to different scale,structural layout and land use characteristics of cities,to give priority to the development of public traffic energetically,advisably develop private car s in reason,establish a urban traffic system that can reduce traffic congestion,deduce traffic pollution,save energy,be propitious to urban environment and be composed of diversified urban transportation tools.

和谐的城市交通，要求根据城市不同的规模、结构布局和土地利用特性等，大力优先发展公共交通，合理适量的发展私人汽车，创建一个能够减轻交通拥挤、减少交通污染、节约能源、有利于城市环境、由多元化城市交通工具所组成的可持续发展的城市交通体系。

Of favour of ㄐ of brilliant of green Luan apprentice year in July, li Chenglin of minister of the Ministry of Communication starts new-style traffic trade in construction point out on working conference, construction starts new-style traffic trade, it is all to get with scientific progress view namely, the strategic base point that strengthens innovation ability to regard highway canalage traffic as development, innovation perforative each respects to traffic modernization, optimize industrial structure, change grows way, improve development quality, enhance service ability, build the culture atmosphere that is helpful for innovation and system environment, invoke the innovation spirit of entire industry, advance innovation of concept innovation, science and technology, system mechanism innovation and policy innovation energetically, take the way that develops with innovation hurried.

要害词之一：创新型交通行业2006年7月，交通部部长李盛霖在建设创新型交通行业工作会议上指出，建设创新型交通行业，就是以科学发展观为统领，把增强创新能力作为公路水路交通发展的战略基点，把创新贯穿到交通现代化建设的各个方面，优化产业结构，转变增长方式，提高发展质量，增强服务能力，营造有利于创新的文化氛围和制度环境，激发全行业的创新精神，大力推进理念创新、科技创新、体制机制创新和政策创新，走以创新促发展的道路。

In chapter one, a review for the trade of urban rail traffic is performed with respects to the developing histories and trend, mode, light rails, vehicle type and so on; In chapter two, a set of contradistinctive analyses between the domestic and the overseas are carried out at aspects of equipment, density of line net, build cost and so on. In chapter three, the competitive status among existing enterprises for urban rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing in our country is analyzed by Potter model; In chapter four, questions that should be paid attention to and strategies in course of our country's urban rail traffic building are provided mainly in terms of plan, cost, construction investment and operation, selection of system type, safety of building process and so on.

本文第一章主要从轨道交通的发展历史、模式、轻轨、车辆类型、发展趋势等方面对城市轨道交通行业的发展作了一个回顾；第二章主要是从设备、线网密度、建设成本等六个方面对国内外城市轨道交通进行了一个对比分析；第三章主要是利用波特模型对我国现有的城市轨道交通车辆设备生产企业之间的竞争状况进行了分析；第四章主要从规划、成本、建设投资和运营、系统类型选择、建设过程安全等方面提出了我国在城市轨道交通建设过程中应该注意的问题和对策。

Shaanxi-Ru 100 million construction and installation Decoration Engineering Co., Ltd. is engaged in building mechanical and electrical equipment installation, indoor and outdoor decoration, landscaping, fountain sculpture, construction steel, petroleum pipelines, corrosion insulation waterproofing, water and electricity HVAC, building curtain wall, intelligent engineering , communications equipment installation works, fire road traffic facilities and road roadbed, bridges and sports facilities, engineering design, construction, installation, construction decoration project budget and final accounts and audit preparation and audit consulting services, advertising, production and dissemination; Xi'an Highway Transportation Facilities Reflective signs of construction engineering, Xi'an, Xi'an, speed hump, protective Misnomer, Xian-chu, anti-collision warning, various traffic cone, wide-angle convex mirror, reflective vest, construction clothing, crash the water horse, contour standard, reflective spike , Anti-glare panels, bull barrel, triangle warning planes, the warning line, barrier tape, high-brightness lattice reflective film, parking locks, retaining wall protector, traffic Plum lights, traffic baton, reflective materials, hot melt crossed the road machine, Xi'an road cold spray liner machine, parking smart Barrier, Barrier intelligent toll station, as well as all levels of roads, community, school construction projects such as crossed.

陕西儒亿建筑安装装饰工程有限公司是从事建筑机电设备安装、室内外装饰装修、园林绿化、喷泉雕塑、建筑钢结构、石油管道、防腐保温防水工程、水电暖通、建筑幕墙、智能化工程、通讯设备安装工程、消防道路交通设施和公路路基路面、桥梁及体育场设施工程的设计、施工、安装，建筑装饰工程预决算与审计编制及审核咨询服务，广告设计制作与发布；西安公路交通设施工程部施工西安反光标志牌，西安橡胶减速带，防护隔离栏，西安防撞警示柱，各种交通锥，广角凸面镜，反光背心，施工服装，防撞水马，轮廓标，反光道钉，防眩板，防撞筒，三角警示架、警戒线、护栏带，高亮度晶格反光膜，车位锁，护墙角保护器，交通梅花灯，交通指挥棒，反光材料，道路热熔划线机，西安道路冷喷划线机，停车场智能道闸，收费站智能道闸，以及各级公路、社区、校园等划线施工工程。

It includes:the items and methods of the investigation into motor vehicle exhaust emission; how to calculate the emission factor;how to choose and set the atmospheric pollutants diffuseness model in urban street;how to calculate the quantum of vehicle exhaust emission and the concentration of traffic pollutants diffuseness in street in traffic network,and how to evaluate traffic pollution of traffic network load.

以可持续发展的城市交通规划理念为基拙，探讨了城市交通规划过程中机动车对空气污染的影响进行分析的关键技术：机动车尾气排放的调查内容与调查方法、单车排放因子的确定、城市街道污染物扩散模型的选择和建立、交通网络环境条件下机动车尾气排放量和街道污染物扩散浓度的计算及交通网络负荷条件下交通污染评价。

Therefore, this paper choose the subject of electronic traffic police data transmission subsystem designing and thoroughly research this subject.

论文摘要：近年来，我国城市人口和机动车拥有量急剧增长，交通违章和交通事故显著增加，为了解决城市交通问题，必须掌握及时、准确的交通信息，因此本文选择交通电子警察数据传输子系统设计做深入研究。

Intersection as a node of road network that traffic disorder, and the frequent traffic accidents. Therefore, through designing the plane intersections to improve the safety of the intersection, increasing the capacity of plane intersection is the importable step of resolve urban traffic congestion problems.

交叉口作为城市路网的节点，交通秩序混乱，交通事故频发，因此，通过交叉口交通设计来改善平面交叉路口的交通安全状况，提高平面交叉路口的通行能力是综合解决城市交通拥挤问题重要的一步。

This thesis elucidates the fundamental conception of Post Car Traffic analyses the main content of the phenomena of PCT and it's challenge to modern traffic,generalizes the treaty methods in developed countries,brings forward fundamental theory frame and doable traffic organization mode,such as multifunctional pedestrian district of city center,synthetical treatment in a organic way,and finally,point out enlightenment for national city traffic,in order to offer viable theory basis and practice foundation.

阐述了后小汽车交通的基本概念，分析了后小汽车现象的主要内容及其对现代交通提出的挑战，归纳总结了发达国家对此的交通治理手段，提出了PCT的基本理论框架及在其影响下的可行交通组织模式，如城市中心的多功能步行区、有机整体的综合治理等手段，并指出了PCT对我国城市交通的启示，旨在为城市交通组织提供可资借鉴的理论基础和实践依据。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。