交通

Freight volume distribution and traffic assignment are two key problems in transportation planning. However, the existing models have some defects.

运量分布与交通分配是交通规划中的两个关键问题，但现有模型在我国城市交通规划的实际应用中存在不少问题。

The paper presents a classification of six typical traffic states based on real-detected data and traffic flow model,and then an introduction of the definition and identification method of "state transition" to explain congestion mechanism.A comparison is conducted between "State transition" and B S Kerner's "phase transition",and an analysis is made of its characteristics at different sections and in different hours.

基于实测数据和交通流模型，划分了六种典型交通状态，提出了&状态跳转&的概念及判别方法以解释拥挤机理；对比了状态跳转与B S Kerner的&相变&理论的差异及其随路段、时段的变化规律；最后给出了拥挤阈值的定义、指标、确定方法，分析了影响因素及与交通控制的关系。

It is found that the distributed microscopic traffic network simulation methods based on distributed systems require not only the careful discussions on traditional traffic flow theory, such as the driver's uncertain behaviors in selecting the route and changing lane, but also some deep researches on parallel techniques. These key techniques about how to realize parallel and distributed simulations include how to partition the large-scale road network into sub-areas, how to divide the multi-course in dynamic traffic flow operation, how to finish the informational transmission among processors, and how to realize the clock-synchronization among processors etc..

在基于分布式系统的路网交通流并行微观模拟研究中除了需要对传统的交通流理论如驾驶员路径选择、车道变换等微观不确定性行为进行仔细探讨外，还必须对道路网子网的划分方法，交通流动态运行过程中多个进程的划分方式及各进程之间消息传递、各处理器间的时钟同步方式等实现并行的关键技术问题进行深入研究。

Based on China's financial service business, GBU shall provide finance lease solutions to industries of energy resource and power, petrochemical, LNG piping, transportation (railway , aviation and ocean shipping);minerals,new source of energy,regenerable source of energy,medical and healthcare,municipal infrastructure and public utilities etc. Leased equipment hereof include all kinds of advanced and/or applicable equipment for general usage, communication, medical, energy conservation, mechanical, engineering machinery, power, oil and gas, chemical industry and vehicles including air-crafts, trains and ships with license of technology. Finance Lease solutions hereof include direct lease; sub-lease; sales leaseback, leverage lease, trust lease,joint lease,project lease etc. GBU provides consulting services including investment, financing and business. Currency either domestic or foreign could be used in Lease Agreement. In addition GBU also provides the consultant and guarantee service for leasing business.

鑫桥联合融资租赁有限公司立足于中国金融服务行业，为中国的能源输电、石油化工、天然气管道、交通运输（铁路、航空、海运、城市轨道交通）、冶金矿业、新能源、可再生能源、医疗卫生、城市基础设施建设及公用事业等行业，提供包括国内外各种先进或适用的生产装备、通讯设备、医疗设备、节能设备、机电设备、工程机械、电力设备、石油装备、化工设施、交通运输工具及附带技术的直接租赁、转租赁、出售回租、杠杆租赁、委托租赁、联合租赁、项目租赁等不同形式的本外币融资租赁业务、投资咨询、融资咨询、商务咨询等咨询业务、租赁物品残值处理业务；并对租赁交易提供咨询和担保服务。

His interests include urban transport in developing countries, congestion management and sustainability in Asian megacities, and non-motorized transport planning.

他的研究方向是发展中国家城市交通、交通拥堵管理、亚洲大都市可持续发展以及非机动化交通规划问题。

The conflict between mid-block crossing and straight mobile traveling causes the increasing of the delay and danger of vehicle and pedestrian traffic, calling for the coordination between them in time and space occupation.

城市路段上行人过街交通与道路机动车交通的矛盾，造成路段上机动车行车延误和行人过街的不安全性增加，因此需要从时空上协调两者的交通行为。

Each of the five treatments reroutes the left-turn vehicles at intersections, mid-block segments or side streets.

这五种措施的基本原则是将直接的左转行交通转换成发生在其它地点（比如下游路口，隔离带或横向街道等）的不同形态的转向交通，可称作&非直接左转交通&。

The growing traffic problems can not been solved by the increase of the highway mileages, and people begin to explore the new methods of transportation management based on advanced science and technology.

基于GIS的交通路网分析系统具有强大的图形显示及空间分析功能，可以有效解决交通信息获取、存储、管理、分析等问题，对交通管理具有指导作用。

Traffic accident simulation and control technology are simulating the environment and driving process, simulating the operation situation of accident vehicle on the road, making kinematic analysis based on data such as vehicle collision, stop location and collision narks, to determine the normally running line and the speed of vehicle before the accident, presume the collision speed course reversely, use 3D graphics technology to reappearance accidents process , provide scientific theory for the analysis of the cause, make corresponding protect safety technology and strategy.

交通事故模拟与控制技术是对驾驶环境与驾驶行为进行仿真，模拟车辆在道路上发生事故的运行情况，根据车辆碰撞位置和停止位置、车身碰痕等事故现场数据进行运动学分析，确定车辆在事故前正常行驶时的速度和路线，逆向推定碰撞车速及事故过程，应用三维图形技术再现交通事故过程，为分析事故成因，提出相应的交通安全保障技术和策略奠定科学理论依据。

The main victims of road traffic accidents were passengers, pedestrians, wheelmen and motorcycle-riders.

结论加速公路建设；加强交通管理，严禁违规行车；提高驾驶员和行人安全意识；对交通环境进行综合治理等，是降低交通事故伤害的主要措施。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。