交换

The design includes many new technologies in data exchange and data security, they are: Converting non-XML data to XML in order to apply the XML security technology to more data types; Using the technology of XKMS and PKI to manage the public key in order to overcome the shortage of complexity and difficulty in using PKI and improve the efficiency of the public key management; Using Diffe-Hellman algorithm combining with the public key technology to exchange secret key in order to furthest increase the security of the key; Using the technology of XML digital signature algorithm to ensure the integrity, message authentication and signer authentication of the data; Using the technology of XML encryption to ensure confidentiality of the data; Defining delegable access rules on the structure and content of the XML documents to provide fine-grained access control. According to the XML security framework, a XML security library is designed and implemented.

在对XML及其安全技术主要包括XML加密技术、XML数字签名、公钥管理、密钥产生和交换进行研究的基础上，结合传统密码技术和XML安全技术提出了一种基于XML的数据安全模型，模型中包含了目前网络数据交换和安全领域的一系列最新技术，主要有：将非XML格式数据转换为XML格式数据的方法，以保证现有的大部分网络数据能够应用XML安全技术；使用XML公钥管理技术结合PKI技术管理公钥，以克服PKI技术实施和部署复杂、难度大等问题，提高公钥管理的效率；使用Diffie-Hellman算法结合公钥技术交换密钥，以最大限度保证密钥的安全；使用XML数字签名技术保证数据的完整性、不可否认性和发送方身份认证；使用XML加密技术保证数据的机密性；根据XML文档的内容和结构定义授权访问规则进行良好的访问控制。

Since the commutators of both sing-ular integral operators and fractional integral operator with BMO functions areone of the special cases of〓,so the discussion of the boundedness of〓notonly gives a new proof of the boundedness of the two commutators,but al-soweakens some of restrictions into discuss the problem,thus it impro-vessome of results inwith the method of complex analysis,show-ed boundedness of〓,then directly obtained boundedness of the commutato-rs of fractional integral operator with BMO functions.

既然奇异积分算子和分数次积分算子与BMO函数的交换子是其特殊情形，所以〓的有界性的讨论不仅给出了中关于这两类交换子有界性的一个新的证明，而且减弱了中讨论这一问题时对齐型空间所作的限制，从而改进了中的结果（利用复分析的方法，先证明〓的有界性，从而直接得到分数次积分算子与BMO函数的交换子〓的有界性。

The second phase of networking ,which occurred in the 1960s ,included three major milestones:software switching, digital transmission ,and satellite deployment,in 1965 ,american telephone and telegraph introduced the first stored program control local switch ,the 1 ees switching system ,with the ues of software control, a family of custom calling services (speed calling,call waiting ,call forwarding and three way calling ,etc ,) was mande possible, the first software program for the 1ees switching system had approximately 100,000 lines of codes, today switches may contain ten million lines of code.

第二阶段是网络化，其发生在20世纪60年代，包括三大里程碑：软件交换，数字传输，卫星的运用，在1965年，美国电话电报介绍第一个存储程序控制区域交换机，第1 ees交换系统中，软控制运用在家庭式的呼叫服务中（快速呼叫，呼叫等待，呼叫转接和三方呼叫等，成为可能，第一个软件程序，为1ees切换系统大约有 10万行代码今日交换系统可能含有1千万行的代码。

A study on exchange-adsorption of aluminium and manganous ions under conditions close to the field was carried out.

研究了贴近自然的稀溶液条件下铝、锰离子交换吸附的行为，结果是：铝、锰与钙、钾离子的交换吸附仍符合一般的离子交换规律，但也不遵守比例定律。

It has been found that the cation exchange on diffusivity may play the role in different ways for different zeolites. When the diameter of the diffusant molecule is much smaller than the pore or cage size of the zeolite, the influence of exchanged cations is mainly by way of altering the electric field intensity (or the density of electric charge), the large the Z/r of the exchanged cations, the smaller the diffusivity; while the diameter of the molecule is apporsi- mately equal to the pore or channel size of the zeolite, the exchanged cations may affect the diffusivity by means of blocking up or narrowing the channels of the zeolite.

金属阳离子交换对扩散的影响表现为：当扩散分子的直径比分子筛孔道直径小得多时，交换阳离子以改变分子筛内部电场强度或电荷密度的方式影响扩散速度，阳离子的Z/r越大，扩散系数越小；当扩散分子直径与分子筛孔道直径相近时，交换阳离子则因堵塞或窄化孔道而改变分子的扩散速度。

As to MNa-ZSM-5, the order is CuNa-ZSM-5〓AgNa-ZSM-5＞CeNa-ZSM-5＞ CoNa-ZSM-5〓FeNa-ZSM-5＞Na-ZSM-5. Among the samples tested, CoHZSM-5 shows the highest activity, the conversion of NO is about 60%, and the activity is higher than that of CoNa-ZSM-5 with the same exchanged level. Suggests that the exist of some Bronsted acidity is benefited for this reaction. For Fe-ZSM-5, the activity are changed obviously with the various of preparation condition. It was also found that mordenite zeolite is a good support for this reaction.

其中，Co-HZSM-5表现出最佳的反应活性，NO的最高转化率达60％以上，并且活性明显高于具有相同交换度的CoNa-ZSM-5，表明适量的酸中心存在有利于该反应的进行；对于Fe-ZSM-5，制备条件不同Fe-ZSM-5的反应活性影响很大，反应的活性中心应是处在交换位上的铁离子；另外，通过考察不同载体对铁离子交换分子筛催化剂反应性能的影响，发现丝光分子筛也是较好的催化剂载体。

Firstly, we describe system model and traffic, and study the performance of combined input and output queueing nonblocking switching fabric, which is under queue loss transfer scheme.

我们首先对信元交换的典型—组合输入输出交换进行了分析，给出了交换结构分析模型、业务量的向量描述，导出了队列丢失方式下的信元丢失率与各参数的关系和排队时延分布。

In section 2 of Appendix, we give the Hamiltonian theory of generic noncommutative case, it shows that in this case, Hamiltonian theory of generic noncommutative case is corresponding to the commutative case under a new operation rule.

在附录二中本文给出了非交换情形下一般的Hamiltonian理论，它说明非交换的Hamiltonian理论与交换的Hamiltonian理论在一种新的运算规则下形式上保持一致。

Section 3 Nonequivalent/Unequal Exchange Unequal exchange is a much disputed concept, used preferably in Marxian economics.

不平等交换是一个非常有争议的概念，更适合用于马克思的经不平等交换是一个非常有争议的概念，不平等交换是一个非常有争议的概念济学中。

Soil pH was in significant negative correlation with exchangeable acid and nonexchangeable acid, but in significant positive correlation with base saturation, which is mainly restrained by dominant exchangeable Ca(superscript 2+).

3土壤pH与交换性酸、非交换性酸含量呈极显著负相关，而与盐基饱和度呈极显著正相关，且主要受占优势的交换性Ca制约。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。