交换

Ringel realized positive parts of semisimple Lie algebras in the framework of Ringel-Hall algebras. The main result of this thesis is to build a geometric and topological model over triangulated categories such as derived categories and stable module categories of repetitive algebras. We defines a Lie bracket by Euler characteristics of constructible subsets and thus realizes infinite dimensional Lie algebras of various types with non-degenerated bilinear form.

本文的主要结果是在导出范畴和重复代数的稳定模范畴等三角范畴水平上建立相应的几何-拓扑模型，并利用相应可构集的欧拉示性数定义了一个Hall代数的交换子乘法，从而在三角范畴水平上实现了一大类无限维李代数的整体构造，并且这类李代数本质上都具有非退化的不变双线性型。

The coal particles with bimodal distribution were considered as two solid phase components and the momentum exchange between solid and liquid as well as between solid and solid are accounted for.

将具有双峰分布特性的煤粉颗粒看作直径不同的 2 种固相，同时考虑固相与液相、固相与固相之间的动量交换。

When formed, the internal tides travel away from its generation area. Wherever it reaches, it makes the sea water there mixing heavily and the objects exchange up and down, which influences the distribution of ocean biocoenosis and the action and the safety of submarine and other objects in the ocean. Therefore, it's very important to study internal tides both in application and in theory.

内潮向浅海和深海传播，所到之处，海水会发生强烈的垂直混合，使上下层的物质发生交换，从而影响到海洋中生物群种的分布以及水中工程设施、潜艇等的功能及安全，所以，对内潮的研究有着重要的理论和实际意义。

It plays an important role in the process of energy exchange, biogeochemical cycles and hydrological cycle in land surface.

它在陆地表面的能量交换过程、生物地球化学循环过程和水文循环过程中扮演着重要的角色。

Then according to the cascade of IPS and LPS, the multi-stage rearrangeable nonblocking Omega network was introduced. Moreover, the method of bipartition graph was adopted to ascertain the node state of each stage. At last, a module of the rearrangeable nonblocking Omega network, which was integrated with polarizing beam-splitter,λ/2 wave plate and perfect shuffle Plates, was constructed.

该方法通过逆混洗(Inverse Perfect Shuffle， IPS)和左混洗(Lott Perfect Shuffle， LPS)的串联，构成多级的可重排、无阻塞的Omega网络，采用二分图法依次确定各级节点开关的状态，最后通过偏振分光棱镜(Polarizing Beam Splitter， PBS)、半波片(λ/2 wave plate)和PS Plate的组合，得到可重排、无阻塞的Omega网络交换模块。

Although, in general, the biquadratic term lowers the exchange bias, its role to the coercivity is duplex, i. e., we can tune the biquadratic term to enhance or reduce the coercivity.

一般而言，双二次项耦合的存在削弱了交换偏置，但是它对于矫顽场的贡献是双重的，为此，我们能够通过选择双二次项耦合强度来调节矫顽场的大小。

In part two, we present a theoretical investigation on the thickness dependence of the exchange bias and the coercivity in FM and AFM bilayer systems, in which the exchange coupling at the interface includes both the bilinear and biquadratic terms.

在第二部分里，我们在理论上解析地给出铁磁和反铁磁双层膜系统的交换偏置和矫顽场随铁磁层、反铁磁层厚度的关系式，其界面耦合包含二次、双二次耦合，铁磁层、反铁磁层厚度均有限。

In Bistro Stars, you use your mouse to swap the location of two objects on the screen.

在小酒馆星，你用鼠标在屏幕上交换的两个对象的位置。

Objective To prepare vinorelbine bitartrate liposome and compare the difference of the entrapment efficiency by using Sephadex minicolumn centrifugation method and cation exchange resin centrifugation method, respectively.

目的 制备重酒石酸长春瑞滨脂质体，比较葡聚糖凝胶微柱离心法和阳离子交换树脂离心法测定重酒石酸长春瑞滨脂质体包封率的差异。

Two approaches are employed to prepare thiocyanuric acid derivatized gold nanoparticles, including the direct reduction of gold ions by potassium bitartrate and NaBH〓 and then through ligand exchange reaction.

用两种不同方法合成了三聚硫氰酸衍生的金纳米粒子，包括由酒石酸氢钾直接还原金离子及NaBH〓还原金离子后经配体交换反应。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷