交换

A process for preparing alkylene glycols including reacting an alkylene oxide with water in the presence of a combination of additives and an anion exchange resin, wherein the combination of additives comprises carbon dioxide and an organic or inorganic base provided in an amount sufficient to maintain a pH of the reaction mixture between about 5.0 and 9.0, with the proviso that, when the base is bicarbonate or carbonate, then the anion exchange resin is a trimethyl benzyl ammonium anion exchange resin.

制备亚烷基二醇的方法，包括让烯化氧与水在添加剂组合和阴离子交换树脂存在下进行反应，其中添加剂组合包括二氧化碳和以足以保持反应混合物的pH值在约5.0和9.0之间的量提供的有机或无机碱，前提条件是当碱是碳酸氢盐或碳酸盐时，阴离子交换树脂是三甲基苄基铵阴离子交换树脂。

In the chiral SU(3) quark model, we use the coupling between quarks and nonet scalar meson fields and nonet pseudo-scalar meson fields to describe the medium and long range interactions, and use one gluon exchange to describe the short range interaction. In the extended chiral SU(3) quark model, besides the nonet pseudo-scalar meson fields and the nonet scalar meson fields, the coupling between vector meson fields and quarks is also considered, the short range interaction can be dominately described by vector meson exchange. We investigate the nucleon-hyperon interaction in the extended chiral SU(3) quark model and study the S-wave phase shifts of N-Λ and N-Σ systems. Comparing to the results in chiral SU(3) quark model, we find that the short-range interaction could be described either by the one-gluon exchange or vector meson exchange.

在手征SU(3)夸克模型中，用夸克与标量介子九重态和赝标介子九重态场的耦合来描述中长程相互作用，单胶子交换来描述短程相互作用，推广的手征SU(3)夸克模型是在原来手征SU(3)夸克模型的基础上进一步引入了夸克和矢量介子九重态场的耦合，主要由矢量介子交换来描述短程相互作用，在推广手征SU(3)夸克模型下研究了核子－超子相互作用过程，计算了N-Λ和N-Σ相互作用的S波散射相移，通过和手征SU(3)夸克模型的结果比较，发现N-Λ和N-Σ系统的短程相互作用既可以由单胶子交换来描述，也可以由矢量介子交换来描述。

On the foundation of successful 16×16 photonic switch module, the architecture of large capacity photonic ATM switch is studied in chapter 4. A new method is proposed, which can reduce hardware cost of the growable ATM switch by introducing pair-input share fanout units before interconnect stage. This new architecture is called pair-inputgroup-interconnect ATM switch.

在研制成功16×16光学交换模块的基础上，第四章研究了大容量光电ATM交换系统的体系结构，提出了一种可有效减少可扩展ATM交换系统中互连机构硬件开销的方法，即在分组互连级前引入双输入共享扩展单元，从而得到了硬件开销较小的双输入分组互连可扩展ATM交换结构。

Therewas a significant characteristic of the vertical distribution of soil enzyme activity,the relationship analysis indicated that there was a significant positive relationshipbetween the catalase activity and OM,and total N,and effective P、K,and ex-changible Mg,there was a negative relationship between the catalase activity andBase Situatiou percentage,and Total Contents of Base;the activity of the polyphe-nol oxidase was positively related with OM,and negatively related with total N andexchangible Ca clearly;The urease activity decreased with CPR increasing,and thechange of the former two kinds of soil enzyme actirity was not significantly withCPR increasing,It is possible to be related with maned disturbance frequently.

随着代次增加，有机质和交换性Ca下降明显；土壤的CEC和交换性酸分别下降了8.8—16.1%和6.8—18.5%，因此，其养分总量亦逐代降低，其中有机质下降幅度最大；土壤酶的活性具有明显的垂直分布特征，相关分析表明，过氧化氢酶活性与土壤OM、全N、有效P、K和交换性Mg有极显著的正相关，而与盐基总量、盐基饱和度呈明显的负相关。多酚氧化酶活性与OM呈显著负相关，与全N、交换性Ca有显著相关。脲酶活性则有随连栽代次增加而有下降趋势，前两种酶在代次之间变化不明显，可能与频繁的土壤干扰有关。

The nickelous chloride both may use in to galvanize, and is prepares the galvanization chemical thionamic acid nickel the important raw material, lead is affects the electronickelling quality a important attribute, in the present industry 331 ion exchange resin deleading effect still could not arrive in the electronickelling the lead content standard, used pocket weak basicity resin XSC312 after the screening experiment determination to take from the nickelous chloride solution intermediate ion exchange except the micro lead resin, inspected the material fluid pH value, the contact duration in the ionic exchange column to the ionic exchange adsorption lead influence, has determined the resin adsorption capacity and inspected the resin analysis performance.

氯化镍既可用于电镀，又是制备电镀化学品氨基磺酸镍的重要原料，其中的铅是影响电镀镍质量的一个重要因素，现行工业中的331离子交换树脂除铅效果尚不能到电镀镍中铅含量标准，经过筛选试验确定采用大孔弱碱性树脂XSC312作为从氯化镍溶液中离子交换除微量铅树脂，在离子交换柱中考察了料液pH值、接触时间对离子交换吸附铅的影响，测出了树脂的吸附容量并考察了树脂的解析性能。

The main features of this paper is: nothing to do with the platform, this system can be compatible with the majority of software and hardware used by the platform, as well as various database platform, shielding the differences of hardware and software platform such as network, operating systems, databases, application systems and so on, so that enterprises and institutions could achieve seamless, transparent data exchange through data exchange system; Java technology used to develop the system transplantability; using data exchange center to achieve centralized data processing, different data format conversion, increased system scalability; from data transmission, authentication, access control, encryption and more news content log-class areas enhanced data exchange system security; using DES and RSA algorithm , increased the confidentiality of data transmission; create WrapperTimer category achieved data transmission timing implementation and reduce the dependence on artificial.

设计的系统与平台无关，能兼容企业所用的大多数软硬件平台，以及各种数据库平台，屏蔽网络、操作系统、数据库、应用系统等软硬平台的差异，使企事业单位通过数据交换系统实现无缝的、透明的交换数据；采用数据交换中心来实现数据的集中处理、不同数据格式的转换，增加了系统的可扩展性；从数据传输、身份认证、权限控制、消息内容加密和多级日志等多方面增强数据交换系统的安全性；用DES和RSA算法对XML文件或XML文件中的元素进行加密，增加传输数据的保密性；创建WrapperTimer类实现了数据传输的定时执行，降低了对人工的依赖性。

The deuterium enrichment in electrolysis cell will finally cause a poor deuterium extraction efficiency, and this conflict indicates that dynamic behavior of CECE is a main concern in the choice of operating mode and the connection with cascade post-enrichment sysytem, and it should be an important factor in designning catalytic exchange column.

电解池中氖浓度的增长最终将引起交换系统脱氚率的下降，这一现象表明，在交换系统操作模式选择以及与后级浓缩系统的级联匹配中，对交换系统的动态行为必须予以特别关注，并应在交换床设计中考虑此因素。

The deuterium enrichment in electrolysis cell will finally cause a poor deuterium extraction efficiency, and this conflict indicates that dynamic behavior of CECE is a main concern in the choice of operating mode and the connection with cascade post-enrichment sysytem, and it should be an important factor in designning catalytic exchange column.

电解池中氘浓度的增长最终将引起交换系统脱氘率的下降，这一现象表明，在交换系统操作模式选择以及与后级浓缩系统的级联匹配中，对交换系统的动态行为必须予以特别关注，并应在交换床设计中考虑此因素。

The efficiency of isotope exchange was only 2.84%, namely, the amount of less than 3% tritium was exchanged out of the glass uranium bed by deuterium, and after isotope exchange proceeded time after time, its standard deviation was 7.35%.

同位素交换法测量铀床氚的结果如下：加热充分解吸过的铀床经多次同位素交换后，其交换效率仅为2.84%，即不到3%的氚被氘气载带出来，其同位素交换法测量的标准差为7.35%。

Icon exchangers made by our company consists of stainless ion exchangers, organic glass ion exchangers and steel rubber-lined ion exchangers.

我公司生产的离子交换器有不锈钢离子交换器、有机玻璃离子交换器、钢衬胶离子交换器。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。