亡

The Cryonics Institute itself was formed in 1976 and a year later Ettinger froze his mother. In 1986 his first wife was placed in a tank, and last year his second wife joined them.

人体冷冻机构本身成立于1976年，而在一年之后艾丁格将其亡母冰冻起来。1986年他的第一任妻子被放置在槽中，去年他的第二任妻子也加入她们。

Objective To study the effect of NO,T-AOC on the germ cell apoptosis in the cryptorchid.

目的探讨一氧化氮、总抗氧化能力对大鼠隐睾生殖细胞凋亡的影响。

The levels of NO,MDA,T-AOC might be involved in the germ cell apoptosis in the cryptorchid.

结论大鼠隐睾可导致睾丸生殖细胞凋亡增加，且与睾丸组织中NO和 MDA升高及T-AOC下降密切相关。

At the 7th day after the operation,the contents of NO,MDA in the cryptorchid was significantly higher than in the control,and the level of T-AOC was predominantly lower.

结果术后第7天，与对侧正常睾丸相比，隐睾侧睾丸发生凋亡的生殖细胞数显著增加(P＜0.01)；T-AOC显著下降；NO和MDA含量显著上升(P＜0.01)。

Bcl-2 positive signals had no obviously changes in cryptorchid testis on 3d, but fluorescent signals of Bcl-2 protein decreased obviously in cryptorchid testis on 6-15d with the germ cell apoptosis increased.

随着隐睾诱导生精细胞凋亡增加，Bcl-2蛋白的表达明显下降，呈下调趋势；而Bax蛋白的表达明显增加，呈上调趋势，尤以精母细胞胞质更为显著。

Results Administration of L-NAME could attenuate the activity of NOS and inhibit spermatogenic cells apoptosis in rats experimental cryptorchidism, and it could significantly inhibit weight loss of the cryptorchid.

手术建立大鼠单侧隐睾模型，实验分为隐睾组、隐睾+L-NAME组［术后腹腔注射溶于生理盐水的L-NAME 50 mg/(kg\5d)］、隐睾+生理盐水组、假手术组，7 d后采用化学比色法检测睾丸组织NOS活性，流式细胞术和原位缺口末端标记法检测生精细胞凋亡，RT-PCR和免疫组织化学法检测Bax基因表达变化。

To investigate whether the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis is actually a temperature dependent event, in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to study the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in normal and cryptorchid testis. Results showed that heat would differentially hurt male germ cells in different developmental stages during spermatogenesis, especially the pachytene primary spermatocytes. Most of spermatogonia in contralateral cryptorchid testis were not harmed fatally by heat as yet, indicating that spermatogonia could resist to beat to a certain extent. In this case spermatogonia could develop to pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes, but they could not acquire the ability to complete the transition from mitosis to meiosis, and then appeared to go through apoptosis. Therefore, we could not find the descendants of meiosis: secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoon. The abdominal temperature had no significant influence on the transcription of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in the spermatogonia and pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes. In normal rabbit testis, cyclin B1 increased in the pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes before meiosis and reached its peak in the spermatids.

为了解精子正常发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1表达的低温依赖性，我们利用原位杂交和免疫组化等方法，研究了正常和隐睾精子发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1的转录和翻译调控活动，结果表明：（1）热对各阶段的雄性生殖细胞都有损害，粗线期的初级精母细胞尤为敏感，实验性隐睾内的精原细胞尚未完全受到"致命"影响，说明精原细胞对热有一定的耐受性，但即使成为粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞，却未能获得由有丝分裂过渡到减数分裂的能力，呈现不同程度的凋亡，所以在整个切片中找不到源自减数分裂的产物----次级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞，更谈不上长形精子细胞和精子的形成；（2）腹腔高温未明显地影响隐睾精原细胞和粗线期/双线期初级精母细胞中cyclinB1和cdc2的转录，说明高温并不是通过影响cyclin B1和cdc2的转录活动而导致生精过程阻断的；（3）正常兔睾丸组织中，〓在精原细胞和粗线期／双线期精母细胞中均有表达：cyclin B1蛋白在减数分裂前期的粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞中的表达量增加，于变态末期的精子细胞中达高峰。

Purpose:To study the expression of induced nitric oxide synthase and testicular germ cellapoptosis in experimental cryptorchidism.

目的：探讨隐睾中诱生型一氧化氮合成酶基因表达与生殖细胞凋亡的关系。

The mRNA and protein expression level of Bax in rats experimental cryptorchidism increases significantly.

隐睾生精细胞Bax表达增加，L-NAME可通过下调Bax的表达抑制隐睾生精细胞凋亡。

The effect of FSH and IGF-Ⅰ on maturation of COCs and the apoptosis of cumulus.

体外培养COCs过程中，FSH和IGF-Ⅰ对体外成熟以及卵丘颗粒细胞凋亡的影响。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。