亡

Survivin can restrain inducement of apoptosis in G2/M of cell cycle, overexpress to get over the checkpoint of apoptosis in carcinoma and promote transformed cells proliferate abnormally.

Survivin与激活的caspase3和caspase7结合，阻断细胞的凋亡过程，capase是细胞凋亡的核心机制，其通过级联式激活并溶解蛋白质，决定凋亡形态的变化。

TyPe II collagen induced arthritisln the rat ank1e joint andoVathumin as antigen induced arthritis WA in the rabbit knee joint wereestab1ish2 Qualitative evaluation of me in skin, muscle, synovium, cedilagearound joint and blood was performed by OMA3 The CIA rats were treated on day 7 after hind paw swelling and erythemaAnimals were injected intravenously with ase at a dose of 10mg/kg,tWenty minuots 1ater, one ankle of the rats random1y assigned was exPosedlaser irradiation at l00J/cm fOr l000 seconds, and another ankle wasM grouP wihout laser The other two groups is unmanipulatedcontrol group and untreated CIA group Bimaleolar ankle widthmeasuremellts were taken in all animals every tWo days using amicrometer The histopathology of the ank1e Joint was assessed at day 21after disease onset4 The pro1iferating cell nuclear antigen WCNA of CIA treated by PDT andthe HMME group without laser was doterdrined by immunohistochemiStry5 The AfA rabbits were treated on day 7 after knee swelling and erythemaThe theraPy invo1ved lntravenous injection of l0mg/kg HMME, fOl1owedby 20 minues period in dim light, and transdermal light treatment with\l00 J/cm2 fOr l000 seconds The inner sides of the treated Anees wereirradiated at first, and then the outer side did 24 hours later, the synovialtissue of the Anees joint were removed and in situ cel1 aPoptosis wasdetCCted With tednal deoxync1eotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nickend labelingR6suIt8:l The pathologic changes of CIA and AIA include subsynovial inflammation,opovial hyPerplasia, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destructionresemble RA.2 The studies demonstrated that there are different uptake of HMME withinskin, muscle, synovium, cartilage and b1ood, and the synovium cou1draPidly uPtake more ase than skin and cartilage at the firSt 30 minuesaller intravenous injection of HMME3 The bimaleolar anke width had no different among PDT treated group,H group withollt 1aser and untreated CIA group But hlstologicalevaluation showed statiStical1y significallt reductions in synovialhyperplasia, pannus formation and cart1lage reosion, bone destruction andtotal score in PDT treated group4 Image analysis showed that the ratlo bforeen the areas of the coufltedobect to that of the entire area in PDTtreated grOup is lower than that in conirol group, but the integrated oPticaldensity had no different between the two groups5 Imape analysis showed that the ratio between the area of the countedobject to that of the e

治疗组在大鼠出现踝关节红肿后1周，炎症达到高峰时进行PDT治疗。随机治疗大鼠一侧的踝关节，另。2。一一侧作单纯HMME 对照。治疗方法是大鼠麻醉后尾静脉注入 HMME10ngkg，20分钟后踝关节照光，激光波长627.sum，功率密度 100mwcm'，照射时间1000秒，能量密度100）／。治疗后避光喂养72 小时。隔日一次测量大鼠的踝关节左右横径，治疗后两周取关节进行病理d 观察。 4。大鼠CIA模型用上述方法进行PDT治疗后，治疗组和单纯HMME 组用兔疫组化SP法检测石蜡切片的核增殖抗原。 5。兔AIA模型在关节炎出现第七天进行PDT治疗，随机治疗一侧膝关节，另一侧作自身对照。兔耳静脉注入I'arrainrelomg／Kg，20分钟后，膝关节用金蒸气激光照射，激光能量密度100）儿旷。24 ／J'时后取膝关节滑膜作病理检查，并用脱氧核昔酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法原位检测凋亡细胞。结果： 1。模型观察：CIA大鼠炎症高峰期滑膜下炎细胞浸润明显，滑膜细胞明显增殖，炎症达到高峰后二周，血管缀形成，并侵蚀和破坏软骨和骨， CIA模型病理改变与人类RA相似。兔AIA模型膝关节滑膜病理可见滑膜细胞增生，滑膜下炎细胞浸润，也与人类RA滑膜改变相似。 2。关节周围组织中光敏剂含量的测定结果表明，各组织对HMME 的吸收速度和吸收量不同，荧光值一时间曲线不同，滑膜组织比皮肤和软骨对 HMME的吸收多，在 2 0分钟时即有明显差异。 3.PDT对CIA模型的治疗结果表明：PDT治疗后关节炎组、单纯 HMME组和治疗组踝关节左右横径统计学检验差异没有显著性，但病理评分PDT治疗组滑膜增生、血管资形成及软骨破坏、骨破坏和总分比关节炎对照组和HMME对照组好，统计学检验差异有显著性。。3＿军医进修学院硕士学位论文中文摘要 4.PDT治疗组PCNA阳性细胞较对照组少，图像分析结果表明面密度（阳性染色的面积总和与统计视野面积的比值）治疗组小于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。。 5.PDT治疗组凋亡阳性细胞较对照组明显增多，图像分析结果单位视野内阳性细胞数和面密度PDT治疗组高于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。凋亡细胞核直径PDT治疗组较小，与对照组相比，统计学检验差异有显著性。结论：二。CIA、AIA的病理改变类似人类RA，可作为研究RA病因、发病机制、检查及治疗方法的模型。 2。各组织对HMME的吸收速度和吸收量不同，滑膜组织比皮。

The result showed that PSexternalization. This observation suggested that apoptotic neurons losed membranephospholipid asymmetry and exposed PS on the outer leaflet of the plasmamembrane. Macrophages then phagocytose apoptotic neurons after specific recognition of theexposed PS.

流式细胞术检测磷脂酰丝氨酸，结果表明凋亡的神经细胞PS外翻，证明AVM可使凋亡的神经细胞膜丧失不对称性，细胞膜中的PS由脂膜内侧翻向外侧，可被吞噬细胞识别后导致凋亡细胞的清除。

Methods MTT Chromatography is adopted to test effects of 5-FU of different concentration and at different time of reaction over growth of Lovo cells; photomechanical method used to observe configuration and characteristics of apoptosis cells; FCM employed to test the percentage of apoptosis cells; electrophoresis and immunized grouping SP applied to test antigen Ki-67 of Lovo cells proliferation and expression of P53 and Fas genetic proteins in relation to apoptosis.

采用四甲基偶氮唑盐显色法，检测不同浓度5－FU作用不同时间对Lovo细胞生长所产生的不同影响；光镜观察凋亡细胞的形态特点；流式细胞术检测凋亡细胞百分率；琼脂凝胶电泳、免疫组化SP法检测 Lovo细胞增殖核抗原Ki－67及凋亡相关基因蛋白p53、Fas表达水平。

As results, TEM showed characteristic ultrastructure morphology of apoptosis cell with chromatin marginal condense, nucleus pycnosis, mitochondrion vacuoles and cell shrinkage in IR injury group and no apoptosis cells in control group. Increased TUNEL-positive cell and typical DNA laddering were found and cells apoptotic rate were approximately 20% by flow cytometry assay in experimental groups.

值得探讨。本试验通过流式细胞仪、生物电镜、TUNEL法、RT-PCR以及DNA电泳等试验方法研究了带血供同种异体骨移植过程的细胞凋亡现象，并检测了Fas、FasL、Caspase-1、Caspase-3、Bcl-2等凋亡相关基因在IR损伤时的表达及变化情况，初步探讨了骨移植时IR损伤中细胞凋亡的发生机制及其在IR损伤中的生物学意义，希望为今后更深入的研究打下一定基础。

AMs that collected, pured and cultured with contine method were stimulated by LPS of different concentration(0μg/ml,0.01μg/ml,0.1μg/ml,1μg/ml,10μg/ml) for 60min or by 1μg/ml LPS for different time stage (0min,5min,15min,30min,60min,120min) to observe the dynamic change of NF-кB intranuclear level and NO production, from which the best concentration and time point of LPS stimulation were selected. In the study, all AMs were divided into 4 groups: control group, group stimulated with LPS, group interrupted by Cal C and group inhibited by PDTC. The following parameters were measured: NF-кB level in nuclear protein extraction of AMs detected with sandwich ELISA, Inter-nuclear transposition of NF-кB observed with immunocytochemistry staining, NO content in cell culture medium quantitied with nitric acid reductase assay, Morphologic change of AMs in apoptosis observed with acridine orange staining and fragmentation at genome DNA of AMs detected with apoptotic electrophoresis assay.

分离、纯化及培养大鼠肺巨噬细胞；以不同浓度的LPS(0μg/ml，0.01μg/ml，0.1μg/ml，1μg/ml，10μg/ml)和不同作用时间(0min，5min，15min，30min，60min，120min)分别刺激小室培养的细胞单层，观察NF-κB的核内浓度及NO合成量的动态变化，选择LPS的最佳用量和作用时间；然后分成四组实验，设正常对照组，LPS处理组，特异性PKC抑制剂阻断组，NF-κB抑制剂阻断组；收集培养的单层细胞及培养液；采用夹心ELISA法定量测定细胞核提取物中的NF-κB水平；免疫组化法检测NF-κB的核内移位变化；硝酸还原酶法测定细胞培养液中NO含量；吖啶橙染色观察凋亡细胞的形态学变化，凋亡电泳实验检测细胞凋亡后基因组DNA的断裂情况。

After administrating the 0.8g/L of the extract of Rubia Cordifolia L to MGC803 cells for 48h, the positive expression rate of bcl2 was obviously decreased.

结论］茜草提取物对胃癌MGC803细胞株具有诱导凋亡和抑制增殖作用，其诱导凋亡作用可能与下调凋亡抑制基因bcl2的表达有关。

Apoptosis may be also involved in the pathogenesis of neuronal death induced by this thrombotic ischemic lesion.

血栓性脑缺血损伤中存在细胞凋亡现象及凋亡相关基因Bc1-2、Bax的表达，细胞凋亡也参与了血栓性脑缺血所致的神经细胞死亡过程。

Conclusions1、E_2 may induce the apoptosis and Fas,FasL expressions of Jurkat cell,its effect positively related to the dose and treating time of E_2.2、There is intrinsic co-expression of ERαand ERβon Jurkat cell,which can be upregulated by E_2,positively related to E_2 doses.3、E_2 may act as an apoptosis inducer of Jurkat cell via ERβ.4、E_2 can promote the transcriptive activity of NF-κB in Jurkat cell.The increased NF-κB activity may lead to increased apoptosis of Jurkat cell.

结论1、E_2可增加Jurkat细胞的凋亡，并增加Fas、FasL的蛋白表达，且其作用与E_2的剂量和处理时间呈正相关。2、Jurkat细胞上存在ERα、ERβ的表达，且E_2可上调这两种受体的表达，E_2剂量越大，ER表达量越高。3、E_2可能通过ERβ发挥其促进Jurkat细胞凋亡的作用。4、E_2能增加Jurkat细胞中NF-κB的转录活性，Jurkat细胞中NF-κB活性增加有促进凋亡的作用。

Glucocorticoids are effective in inducing apoptosis via the uncharacterized mechanisms in many hematological malignancies. GC-induced apoptosis is initiated by, and strictly dependent upon, the interaction of GC with its receptor, the GR.

糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid，GC)通过与其特异性受体-糖皮质激素受体(glucocorticoid receptor，GR)结合，不仅可诱导未成熟胸腺细胞凋亡，而且对急性白血病细胞、淋巴瘤细胞、骨髓瘤细胞等均有促凋亡作用，诱发凋亡正是应用糖皮质激素治疗白血病的分子生物学基础。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。