亚里斯多德的

3 His mechanical philosophy of nature was a sharp break with the prevailing conception as represented by Renaissance natural philosophy, and scarcely less of a break with Aristotelianism; and in his sensation of making a fresh start he spoke for 17th century science as a whole.

他的机械自然哲学截然地对立由文艺复兴自然哲学所代表的优势概念，但比较不像是和亚里斯多德主义之间的裂痕。而且在他做为全新起点的轰动人物(sensation的特别用法)之中。他成为十七世纪整体科学的代言人。

Monotheistic as the writer is throughout his work, he evinces an acquaintance with Greek thought and philosophical terms (he calls God "the Author of beauty": 13:3; styles Providence pronoia: 14:3; 17:2; speaks of oule amorphos,"the formless material" of the universe, after Plato's manner: 11:17; numbers four cardinal virtues in accordance with Aristotle's school: 8:7; etc.), which is superior to anything found in Palestine.

一神教的作者是他的工作，他表现出一个熟人同希腊的思想和哲学术语（他所谓的上帝"作者美"：十三时03分；风格普罗维登斯pronoia ： 14时03 ； 17点02 ；谈到oule amorphos "的无形物质"的宇宙，在柏拉图的方式： 11点17分；号码四项基本原则美德按照亚里士多德的学校：八时07等），这是优於任何发现在巴勒斯坦。

In the second part, it is argued that the effect of Novum Organum on the philosophy and science is just as the function of beacon. The thesis in this part systematically introduces Bacon\'s basic and extensive thoughts excluding Baconian Induction, Theory of the Idols and the Empirical Epistemology that people have thoroughly researched; moreover, the mistakes which people have made are corrected and the limitations of the viewpoints of Novum Organum are also focused on. In the third part, Bacon\'s basic and extensive scientific and technological researches are discussed. Regarded to this, the thesis finds that people only paid attention to Bacon\'s view that heat is a motion which Bacon took lots of space in Novum Organum to summarized according to Baconian Induction.

本文总共分为四大部分：首先，分析《新工具》是对亚里斯多德《工具论》的勇敢挑战，并着重论述了培根的政治和文化背景对他的新思想所造成的深刻影响；其次，系统探讨《新工具》在哲学和科学中起到的灯塔作用，本文论述了培根的基本哲学和科学思想及具体应用和反映，但是对前人已深入探讨过的培根式归纳法、四假象说和经验认识论不再论述，同时对前人的一些误读进行澄清，并分析培根的《新工具》在哲学和科学思想方面的局限；再次，对前人很少涉猎的《新工具》中的科学研究方面进行系统论述，本文发现人们基本上仅仅注意到了培根在《新工具》中大篇幅运用培根式归纳法进行举例论证的热动说，而对这本书中其他的科学研究不甚关注。

Aristotle not only invented syllogistic reasoning but also gave such a thorough analysis of the subject-predicate relation and all syllogistic forms that this method, now called deductive logic, has virtually remained unchanged to this day.

亚里斯多德不仅发明了三段论推理的方法，还极为彻底地研究了这种命题-推断模式，掌握了三段论推理过程的所有形式。直到今天，这种方法依然维持着最初的状况，我们现在称其为演绎逻辑。

The first and greatest difficulty is the repugnance and incompatibility between being at the center and being distant from it, For if the terrestrial globe must move within a year around the circumference of a circle that is, around the Zodiac, then it is impossible for it at the same time to be at the center of the Zodiac.

就对话录中的辛普利西来说找理由一点也难不倒他，最大的难处是：地球既要在中央又要保持距离的矛盾，因为地球一年内要绕黄道一圈，因此不可能同时又居黄道中心，但是地球居黄道中心，这一点亚里斯多德、托勒密等人已证实过很多次了。

Aristotele, who lived in 384-322 B.C, praises the Molossus and tells us that they serves as guardians of the herds, and distinguises itself from all other dogs through its size and indomitable courage against wild animals.

亚里斯多德(公元前384-322)盛赞魔罗刹：作为畜群的保护者，魔罗刹有着不同于其他狗的体型和不惧野兽的勇气。

In fact, most of the philosophical terms and classffications we use today were coined by Aristotle.

实际上我们今天所用的大多数的哲学术语和分类是亚里斯多德创造的。

During the Ptolemy Dynasty, many palaces and temples in majestic splendor were established, and most brightly the disciples of Aristotle were engaged to build up "House of Muses" in accordance with the model of Athens School.

托勒密王朝在城中建有许多富丽堂皇的王宫庙宇，但最值得炫耀的还是他们聘请亚里士多德的门徒按照雅典学派模式修建起来的缪斯学园。

In chapter thirteen, Aristotle outlines an ideal of the central character of tragedy, the so-called tragic hero, and identifies the source of the character's downfall with something called hamartia .

在第十三章，亚里斯多德描画了一个悲剧中心角色－－悲剧主人公的理想，并指出该角色的堕落是因为一种叫「悲剧性缺陷」的东西。

Later, in the philosophies of Anaxagoras, Aristotle, and others, nous, the world mind or universe intelligence, replaced logos as the motivating principle.

后来，在阿那克萨哥拉、亚里士多德的哲学中，等同于世界心智或者普遍心智的&理智&一词替代了逻各斯做为使动的起源。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。