亚里斯多德

Through analysing, we think that Bonaventure developed Augustinianism and established the Franciscan school. The school had ever resplended very much during the debate with Thomism and Dominican school.

通过分析，我们认为波纳文图拉正是在上述各方面的影响下，以奥古斯丁的神哲学和弗兰西斯修会的宗教精神为核心完成了自己的神哲学综合体系，建立了奥古斯丁－弗兰西斯学派，该学派在13、14世纪与多米尼克的亚里士多德－托马斯主义的争论中大放异彩。

In the furious struggle between newly established Aristotelianism and Augustinianism which insisted the tradition of Platonism, two great theologians and philosophers, Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure presented themselves, who stood for the highest level of theology and philosophy system at that time. The former one successfully established a new philosophy system using Aristotelianism, and the latter one developed the Platonism-Augustinianism to the peak.

在新兴的亚里士多德主义与坚持柏拉图传统的奥古斯丁主义之间的激烈斗争中，产生了代表那一时代创立神学－哲学综合体系最高水平的两位伟大的神学家、哲学家，即托马斯·阿奎那和波纳文图拉，前者成功地利用亚里士多德理论建立起新的神哲学体系，后者则将柏拉图传统的奥古斯丁主义发展到顶峰。

Under this solution, Plato justifies the possibility for soul of knowing the truth, and makes his way of truth possible. In this fighting, those with whom Plato fights are not those philosophers that are remarked by Aristotle in Metaphysics A 6.987a33-b10, but the philosopher of Elea, Parmenides. On the one hand, the key point of Plato's theory of Forms is coming from Parmenides' concept of Being, which is ungenerated and imperishable, yet on the other hand, the attempt for the possibility of saving the phenomena and for soul to know the truth is urging Plato to put Parmenides' claim to the question.

柏拉图在这当中所奋力搏斗的，主要并不是亚里士多德在《物理学以后诸篇》A 6.987a33-b10所提及的这些哲学家，而是历史上的这位伊利亚哲学家---巴曼尼德斯：柏拉图分离相论的核心来自巴曼尼德斯其毫无生灭变动的「完满的是」，然而，柏拉图拯救现象以及保全思考与知识的可能性的这个企图，却又是必须对巴曼尼德斯的「完满的是」提出批判。

Aristotle had made no secret of his contempt for Alexander's pretense of divinity, and the king had executed Aristotle's grandnephew Callisthenes as a traitor.

亚里士多德明确看不起亚历山大假装神圣，国王以叛国罪处死了亚里士多德的侄外孙卡里斯提尼斯。

In 1976, it is the first time for the conception to be put forward by Bernard Williams. Though he didn"t define this conception, his discussion showed the possibility of Moral Luck. And he emphasized particularly on the agent"s recept to apprehend the Moral Luck. Later, Thomas Nagel based on the life to classify the Moral Luck and expatiated. He wanted to integrate Moral Luck with the moral theory of Kant. As a result, it is disappointed. Whereafter, basing on the former philosopher, Anthony Kenny thought that it is impossible for him to abate the strain between Kantianism and Moral Luck. Whereas, Kenny had no intention to followed them.

伯纳德·威廉姆斯于1976年第一次提出"道德运气"的概念，虽然没有对概念本身予以界定，但他的论述肯定了概念的可能性，并侧重从行为者主观的角度来理解道德运气；随后，托马斯·内格尔立足现实生活，对道德运气进行分类论述，并试图将康德的道德理论与道德运气结合，当然结果是令人失望的；继威廉姆斯与内格尔之后，安东尼·肯尼在两位哲学家论述的基础之上，认为他自己也无力缓和康德哲学与道德运气的张力，但无意追随威廉姆斯和内格尔的步调，而是从亚里士多德哲学和中世纪基督教神学中探讨道德运气。

Aristotle certainly did research on the natural history of Lesbos, and the surrounding seas and neighbouring areas.

亚里士多德是工作细节尚存的最早的自然历史学家。亚里士多德肯定研究过莱斯博斯岛及其环海与近海区域的自然史。

Aristotle married Hermias's adoptive daughter Pythias.

亚里士多德与赫美亚斯的养女琵蒂亚斯结婚。

In time, however, the translations made from the Greek revealed an Aristotle free from the errors attributed to him by the Arabians, and, above all, the commanding genius of St. Albertus Magnus and his still more illustrious disciple, St. Thomas Aquinas, who appeared at the critical moment, calmly surveyed the difficulties of the situation, and met them fearlessly, won the victory for the new philosophy and continued successfully the traditions established in the preceding century.

在时间，不过，翻译从希腊发现亚里士多德免费从错误归因于他由阿拉伯人，以及上述所有，指挥的天才圣阿尔伯图斯马格努斯和他的仍是更多的杰出弟子，多瑪斯，谁出现在关键时刻，冷静地进行调查的困难情况，并会见了他们无畏无惧地赢得了胜利，为新的哲学，并继续成功的传统，建立了在前面的世纪。

Euclid, Aristotle, and Theophrastus were their admiration, and Galen they even adored.

欧几里德，亚里士多德，并泰奥弗拉斯托斯是他们的钦佩，并盖伦他们甚至崇拜。

Thomas Aquinas summarized the form ideas of ancient Greek and Middle Ages, and made a systematic exposition on the three elements of aesthetics ( integrity , proportion and splendor).

托马斯·阿奎那总结了古代和中世纪的形式观念，以亚里士多德的形式观念为基础，阐述了美的三要素说；现代新托马斯主义者马利坦、吉尔松复活了亚里士多德的形式观念，并且从存在论(最高的存在即上帝、纯形式)上论证了包括美和艺术在内的整个世界。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。