亚热带地方

Climatic gradients were based on data sets from 841 meteorological stations throughout China. Definitions for floristic distributional patterns were based upon the work of Prof. Z. Y. Wu. Most of these floristic distributional patterns were strongly correlated with the geographic gradients in climate, except for cosmopolitan, cultivated and invasive genera. Tropical genera form a large fraction of the total genera (ranging from 0.84% to 94.38% in the regional floras) with the highest proportion in southern Yunnan and Hainan Island. Tropical genera occur predominantly in southern China of 0° N latitude and decreased with increasing latitude, as would be expected. Interestingly, the disjunct Tropical Asia and Tropical America distribution were not restricted to southern latitudes. Temperate genera account for 5.1% to 98.83% of the total genera in regional floras with the highest proportion in the province of Xinjiang. Most of these genera followed geographic gradients in climate as expected (temperate genera conspicuously dominate the landscape at higher latitudes), except the East Asian and North American disjunct distribution, Eastern Asian distribution and Chinese endemic distribution. Generally, most plant genera demonstrated some correlation with climatic and geographic gradients. The most important gradients were those of annual air temperature and precipitation. A small fraction did not demonstrate significantly particular pattern:"Cosmopolitan","East Asian and North American disjunct","Eastern Asian" and "Chinese endemic" distributions. The North Temperate distribution had the highest correlation with mean annual air temperature and precipitation.

结果如下：(1)除世界分布、栽培和入侵成分外，大部分中国种子植物属的地理成分的分布与地理相关密切；(2)热带分布属（泛热带分布、热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布、旧世界热带分布、热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布、热带亚洲至热带非洲分布及热带亚洲分布合计）占各地方植物区系的0.84%到94.38%，其最低值出现在中国西北部的新疆和青海地区，最高值出现在中国云南南部和海南；(3)热带分布属在＜北纬30°的地区占优势，除热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布外，其它热带成分随纬度增加迅速减少；(4)温带分布属（北温带分布、东亚和北美间断分布、旧世界温带分布、温带亚洲分布、地中海区、西亚到中亚分布、中亚分布和东亚分布合计）占各地方植物区系的5.1%至98.83%，其最高值出现在中国西北部的新疆地区，最低值出现在中国云南南部和海南；(5)除东亚和北美间断分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布外，其它温带成分随纬度增加迅速增加；(6)在温带成分中，东亚和北美间断分布及东亚分布属主要出现在中国亚热带到暖温带地区，北温带分布、旧世界温带分布和温带亚洲分布属在中国北部占优势，而地中海区、西亚到中亚分布和中亚分布属则在中国西北部占优势；(7)除世界分布、东亚和北美间断分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布外，所有其他成分都显示了与气候因素密切相关，其中，北温带分布属与年均温和年降雨量最为密切相关。

North belongs to semi-tropical mediterranean climate littoral, inland and vast area belongs to intertropical and desert climate, air temperature is highest amount to50℃.

北部延海属亚热带地中海型天气，内地广泛地方属热带荒漠天气，温度最高，达50℃。

4 Recurrent selection basic breeding populations-WBMCo、 WLSCo、 LBMCo and LLSCo (character1-Chinese South west germplasm; character 2-American germplasm; character 3-torrid and semitorrid zone germplasm) were synthesized using American germplasm of Stiff Stalk Synthetic BSSSC9、Lancaster, Mesican torrid zone germplasm of Me Huang Jiou , Thai Land semi-torrid zone germplasm of Sauwan, Chinese south-western germplasm of Wu Xiand Lan Hua Zhao as main parent germplasm population.

本试验以美国种质坚杆综合种BSSSC9、Lancaster、热带种质墨黄九、亚热带种质苏湾4个国外群体和中国西南种质巫溪W_(14、兰花早2个地方群体为主体，掺和含有它们血缘的优良自交系，品种群体，首次合成了WBMCo、WLSCo、LBMCo、LLSCo 4个轮回选择育种基础群体(代号的第一字母为国内西南地区种质，第二个字母为北美种质，第三个字母为热带、亚热带种质)，并与6个主体亲本种质群体进行了比较。

The lime tree is more sensitive to cold than other citrus trees, and perhaps for this reason its diffusion was slower and confined to warmer regions.

它也广泛传播到亚热带和热带的非洲，它在信仰基督教的西班牙和西西里岛也很有名，这些地方的酸橙树很可能是在阿拉伯人统治时期引入的。

Location: Pakistan is located in southern Asia, bordered on the east by India, on the northwest by Afghanistan, on the west by Iran, on the northeast by China, and coastline on the Arabian Sea to the South.

自然地理：位于南亚次大陆西北部。东与印度接壤，东北与中国为邻，西北同阿富汗交界，西同伊朗毗邻，南临阿拉伯海。南部属亚热带气候。南部湿热，受季风影响，雨季较长；北部地区干燥寒冷，有的地方终年积雪。年均气温27℃。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。