井

In combination with the geological features of the ga wells in West Sichuan, such as multi-payzone high pressure gradients and a large lithological change in channel sand bodies, etc., the casing cementing and perforation completion were adopted for the main well and branch holes in the well group and the interzonal pressure seals of the main well and branch holes, and the separate well fracturing and producing were all realized through a completion string with dual-tubing and dual-packer.

结合川西地区气井多产层、高压力梯度、河道砂体岩性变化大等地质特点，该井组主井眼和分支井眼均采用套管固井、射孔完成，通过双油管和双封隔器的完井管柱实现了主井眼和分支井眼的层间压力分隔和分井压裂、分井采气。

The principles are as follows:①preliminary interpretation is carried out on crosswell seismic data in depth domain to establish an accurate velocity model;②sinc interpolating function is used in depth-time conversion to realize waveform fidelity;③the recognition of surface seismic data is utilized to ascertain the reflection characteristics of crosswell seismic data in time domain;④ good spatial continuity of surface seismic data is adopted to retrieve the "hopper" defect in crosswell seismic profiles and the deficiency of lateral contrast between crosswell seismic data;⑤in fine calibration of well-side traces of crosswells and surface seismic data, coincident time-depth relation is used to match two seismic data so as to make the calibration more reasonable;⑥in multi-crosswell seismic data inversion by sparse spike inversion method, lateral restraints are strengthened to ensure the continuity of inversed wave impedance profile.

实现反演的基本原理是：对深度域井间地震资料进行初步解释；建立精确的速度模型；在对井间地震剖面进行深时转换时采用sinc插值函数实现波形保真；利用对地面地震资料的认识来落实时间域井间地震资料的反射特征；利用地面地震资料良好的空间连续性弥补井间地震剖面的"漏斗"缺陷和井间资料之间横向对比性的不足；在井间地震和地面地震井旁道精细标定中，通过一致的时深关系来实现两种地震资料之间的匹配，使井旁道的标定更加合理；在利用稀疏脉冲反演方法进行连井井间地震资料反演时，通过增强横向约束保证反演波阻抗剖面的连续性。

Theequivalence percolation resistance law is accurate enough to be used in productivitycalculation of horizontal well pattern.(3) Productivity of mixed well pattern of horizontalwell or multilateral horizontal well and vertical well is constructed and formulae are simpleenough to be used in the oilfield. The patterns include 5-spot pattern,7-spot pattern and9-spot pattern.(4) Productivity formula of united rectangular well pattern of horizontaland vertical wells is constructed. By this formula, the calculation results show that fora horizontal well length, there is a shape factor at which the productivity of the patternis biggest. So optimum method of the well pattern is proposed.(5) A new concept ofdimensionless length of horizontal well is advanced and the relationship of optimum shapefactor of the rectangular well pattern against dimensionless length of horizontal well ispresented. The influences of length of the horizontal well, area of the well pattern unitand the thickness of reservior are concerned.

利用该公式计算表明：当水平井长度一定时，存在一个最优井网形状，使得水平井的产能最大，在此基础上提出了水平井井网的优化方法；(5)提出了水平井无因次长度的概念，给出了联合井网最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系式，并对水平井长度、油层厚度及井网面积对产能的影响进行了分析；(6)推导出了一无限水平井井排在XY 平面内势的解析解，为不同水平井整体开发井网或水平井和直井井网整体开发渗流理论的研究奠定了理论基础；(7)建立了交错式水平井与直井整体开发渗流理论，给出了拟三维条件下井网产能的精确解析解及该井网最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系，并对产能的影响因素进行了分析；(8)建立了水平井与水平井正排列井网、交错排列井网条件下渗流理论及井网产能在拟三维条件下的精确解析解，给出了交错井网条件下最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系，通过与正方形井网对比，说明优化井网可大幅度提高开采效果；(9)建立了分支水平井和直井面积井网水油两相非活塞驱替条件下渗流问题的解析解，给出了见水前后无因次产量与无因次时间的关系式以及见水时间等。

The paper fristly analyzed the reason of mine air reversing in Liangbei coal mine of Xinlong Coal Industry Corporation,which based on mensuration of mine ventilation resistance and spontaneousness wind pressure,and then the measures of preventing the air reversing was put forward.

在对新龙矿业集团公司梁北煤矿的矿井通风阻力测定和自然风压测量的基础上，找出梁北煤矿2007年1月气温突降后所引起的主井风流反向的主要原因，推导出导致风流反向的基本条件，提出在副井至-550 m运输石门之间增加调节设施以增大副井的风阻、增大主要通风机机械风压、在主井下安装压风机人为增大主井的机械风压、减少主井附近热源、对主井的风流进行降温处理和对副井的进风流进行预热以减少主副井之间的风流平均密度差等防止风流反向的控制措施，从而使主井恢复正常的进风状态，消除了矿井安全生产的严重隐患

The invention comprises that:(1) an injectant containing air is formed and the injectant is injected into a manto (3) through an injection well (2) or a recovery well (1);(2) the pressure of the injection well (2) and the recovery well is kept (1) for a period of time so that the oil and the injectant are mixed into more uniform fluid;(3) the pressure of the injection well (2) and the recovery well (1) is decreased, the pressure of the manto(3) is decreased and the oil-containing mixed fluid is obtained from the recovery well (1) or the injection well (2);(4) the procedure of (1),(2) and (3) is repeated, the pressure fluctuation of the fluid in the manto (3) is realized until the oil recovery rate is less than the economic recovery rate.

本发明包括：①形成包含气体的注入剂，将注入剂通过注入井(2)或采收井(1)注入矿层(3)；②保持注入井(2)和采收井(1)的压力一段时间，使油分和注入剂混合形成比较均匀的流体；③然后降低注入井(2)和采收井(1)的压力，降低矿层(3)压力，并在采收井(1)或者注入井(2)获取含油混合流体；④不断重复步骤①②③，实现矿层(3)中流体的压力波动，直到石油的采收率低于经济开采率为止。

Horizontal well completion ; slim hole completion ; underbalance well completion ; cementing ; intelligence completion

完井；水平井完井；小井眼完井；欠平衡井完井；固井；智能完井

According to different types of abnormal pressure,computation model for quantitative control on the abnormal pressure was set up to meet the needs of efficient and safe drilling in oil-gas fields.Some important parameters were calculated that include reasonable shut-in time,maximum flowing yield and the best flowing time of the injection wells,and reasonable bottom hole flowing pressure,extra oil production and stimulation moment of the production wells.The quantitative computational methods of them were derived.Three methods were applied to one undrilled adjustment well T1 in certain oil-gas field achieving quantitative control to the abnormal pressure in the adjustment well.

考虑到油气田高效、安全钻井的需要，依据不同的压力异常类型，建立了定量控制异常压力的计算模型，确定了注水井合理关井停注时间、最大放溢量和最佳放溢时机以及生产井合理井底流压、增产量和增产时机等参数，给出了计算公式，推导出了注水井最佳关井停注时间、注水井最佳放溢量和生产井合理的增产量的定量计算方法，并通过某油气田的一口待钻调整井(T1井)对3种方法进行了验证，实现了对调整井异常高压的定量控制。

The combined production of vertical and horizontal wells can make horizontal well production rates be 2 to 5 times greater than unstimulated vertical well rates, but the areal sweep efficiency is less than that of vertical well pattern untill when the perforation ratio is greater then a certain value, which depends on the pattern of the combination. Seven spot pattern of the combination of vertical and horizontal wells has some advantages over others.

当水平井和直井联合面积布井时，在同样的压差下，水平井的产量要高于相应直井井网的直井产量的2～5倍，但只有当穿透比达到一定程度，或水平井达到一定长度时，其波及系数才高于相应直井井网的波及系数（五点法井网的穿透比界限为0.521，七点法井网的穿透比界限为0.430），因而在水平井开发油气田时，必须保证水平井一定的长度，这样从长远的观点，水平井才能显示出优势，对比性分析表明，水平井和直井的七点法联合布井和直井井网以及水平井和直井的五点法联合布井井网相比，具有一定的优势，数值模拟表明，在水平井和直井的联合面积布井的各种方式中，改进的九点井网是一种较好可取的布井方式。

Thirdly, on the basis of the productivity model of ideal wells , we comprehensively consider the additional pressure caused by different completion methods and establish four structures of multilateral horizontal wells in 8 different completion methods of the actual open hole completion, slotted liner completion,slotted liner completion with external casing packer, open hole downhole gravel pack completion, openhole prepacked gravel liner completion, casing perforated completion, inside casing gravel pack completion, inside casing prepacked gravel liner completion.

在理想井产能模型的基础上，综合考虑不同完井方式所造成的附加压力损失，建立了这四种分支水平井结构在实际裸眼完井、割缝衬管完井、带ECP的割缝衬管完井、裸眼井下砾石充填完井、裸眼预充填砾石筛管完井、射孔完井、套管内井下砾石充填完井、套管内预充填砾石筛管完井等8种不同完井方式下的产能模型。

In the Chongwen District Conference Room, City Construction, Dongcheng District, Xicheng, Chongwen and Xuanwu District, respectively, reported on the city and the protection of危改implementation plan and working arrangements,玉河,三眼井,斜街tobacco pouch, the front door Paul area, such as text危改and residents fire safety work.

在崇文区会议室，城市建设，东城区，西城区，崇文区和宣武区，分别汇报了城市和保护危改实施计划和工作安排，玉河，三眼井，烟袋斜街，前门保罗领域，如文字危改和居民的消防安全工作。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了