五四

It was the first real height of the development of Chinese historiography in 20 century.

五四时期史学对20世纪的中国史学产生了重要影响，是20世纪中国史学发展的第一次真正高峰。

There're different circumscriptions and annotations in different times. As the one which is the homogeny with the "5.4"epoch,it was not only the corporeal carrier of the childhood memory, but also the cultural umbilical cord must be chopped.

何谓"故乡"？不同时代对"故乡"的定义、诠释略有差异，而与"五四"时代背景同构的"故乡"不仅仅是童年记忆的有形载体，更是一根需要斩断的文化脐带。

In spring, 2003, shortly before " May Fourth " Youth Day, came to me a piece of inspiring good news that I was chosen as an Extra Student of the Dongcheng District.

在2003年的春天，在"五四"青年节前，一个使人听了精神振奋的好消息传来，我被评为东城区特优生。

With the end of "institutional revolution" and the spirit of "May Fourth" returns. The topic of "human" attracts wide attention in society again.

新时期，随着"文革"的结束，"五四"精神开始回归，"人"的命题再次引起社会的广泛关注。

The "May Fourth" cultural movement was fundamentally characterized by mutual transformation, interpenetration and variations in culture and politics.

五四文化运动的根本特征，是文化与政治之间的相互转化、渗透和变奏。

Starting off from the "the agreement of language and expression" pursuit of late-Qing intellectuals and concrete poetry creation to the flourish of free verse written in vernacular during the May 4th Movement of 1919, the article reviews the complex genesic intertwinement and concrete view of modern Chinese poetry from the interactive angle of experience, language and form.

对这一形态的辨析，会发现"现代汉诗"的"发生"的内在机制和隐藏的问题。本文倾向于诗歌本体内部的语言、形式与现代性语境中的个体经验的纠结、互动对诗歌发生的影响：在论述方式上，注重的诗歌文本和语言、形式理论的分析。在晚清至"五四"这一中国现代知识分子追求现代性的语境下，本文试图通过对知识分子对新的汉语言说方式的追求和具体诗歌创作情况来考察"现代汉诗"的"发生"的语言脉络和形式依据。

From May 4th Movement of 1919 to the 1920s, sex love narrations in Chinese novels were rather an enlightenment and liberation in that particular era with four characteristics. Firstly, sexual desire was endowed with rationality with regard to liberation of human nature and mutual love. Secondly, with an epochal concern for a stronger and superior race, greater attention was paid to sexual parties concerned, mainly physically. Thirdly, new ethics on sex were promoted in that personal freedom on sex love was emphasized and sex love became an important way of self-fulfillment. Therefore, independence of sex love was advocated and the scope of sex love was also widened. Fourthly, the sex consciousness of this period had the mixed features of the past and the contemporary. Sex love narrations in the 1930s and 1940s showed a further exploration on the theme of human nature. First of all, sex was restored to a kind of desire. ShenCongwen probed the importance of harmonious sex love to a sound personality and Shi Zhecunrevealed that sexual inhibition could lead to the distortion, even frenzy of human nature. Bothexplored the influence and functions of sexual desire as human nature upon human personality,giving prominence to the irresistibleness of sexual desire and the significance of sexual desire asa motive. Then, human bodies driven by sexual desire were described and given greater attentionto. Next, ethics on sex were deconstructed either by Shen Congwen who opposed man-madeethics with law of nature and the School of New Sensation who replaced traditional ethics on sexwith exchange rules in consumption, or by Shi Zhecun who spared no efforts in representing thecomplete failure of social rules, including ethics on sex, due to the impact from sexual desire.The direct effect was a paleness of the ethical binding force on sex. Last, sex consciousness inthe works of female writers emerged. In the early works of Ding Ling, the sexual desire of thefemale is no longer a ramification of emotion but an independent one. In addition, in the sex lovenarrations of other female writers, such as Mei Niang, strong self-consciousness on the socialstatus of the female is also reflected. Sex love narrations in the late 1970s and early 1980s wereactually a re-enlightenment in the spirit of humanism, whose major features include humanisticlegitimation of sex love within the boundary of ethics, a blend of sex love narrations withnational concepts and national myths as well as the aesthetic, poetic descriptions of humanbodies etc. In the middle and late 1980s, sex love narrations entered a stage of exploration forpluralism. First, by restoration of sexual desire, writers of this era restored human nature, thevery original state of human being. Different emphasis and tendencies could be seen in differentwriters: looking at sex love dialectically and trying to describe its creative as well as destructivecharacteristics; connecting sex love with violence and trying to reveal the evil side of humannature through it; emphasizing the creativeness of sex love especially in the heritage of"wildness".

从"五四"到20世纪20年代，中国小说的性爱叙事是一种处在时代夹缝中的启蒙和解放，其所表现出来的特点，一是正面赋予性欲望以合理性，这种合理性是在人性解放和爱情前提下获得的；二是在强种育种的时代焦虑影响下小说性爱叙事表现出对物质身体的关注，其焦点主要在体格方面；三是树立起新的性伦理道德观念，表现为强调在性爱问题上的个人选择自由，性爱成为个人自我实现的重要方式，从而赋予人在性爱问题上的独立性，同时还扩大了性爱表现的领域；四，这个时期小说性爱叙事中所表现出的性意识还具有新旧杂糅的特点。30、40年代小说性爱叙事表现出对人性主题的深化与丌拓，首先是把性还原为欲望本身来探索，沈从文从和谐性爱对健全人性的决定作用、施蛰存从性压抑会导致人性扭曲甚至疯狂的角度探讨作为人类本质性欲望的性对人性产生的影响和作用，突出了性欲力量的不可抗拒和作为人类行为的重要动力等方面的内容；其次在叙事中表现出对欲望化了的身体的描绘与关注；第三是解构了性的伦理道德，无论是沈从文以自然法则来反对人为的道德设置还是新感觉派用消费交换原则替代传统性伦理道德，或是施蛰存极力表现包括性伦理规范在内的社会法则在性欲力量冲击下溃不成军，其直接的效果都是使性伦理道德对人的约束力量显得苍白虚弱；第四，出现了由女性作家表现的女性性意识，在丁玲的早期作品中女性的性欲望不再是作为感情的衍生物而是独立的欲望存在，而在梅娘等其他女作家的小说性爱叙事中则表现出对女性社会地位的强烈自觉意识。70年代末80年代初期小说的性爱叙事实际上是在人道主义语境下的再次启蒙，其主要特征一是性爱在人道主义前提下获得合法性，但要求性爱不超出伦理规定的范围；再就是将性爱叙事同国家观念和民族神话相融合；此外还有对身体的描写审美化诗意化等。80年代中后期，小说性爱叙事进入了多元化探索的阶段，作家通过还原性欲望来还原人性、还原人类的本真状态，不同作家笔下表现为不同的侧重和倾向——以辨证的方式看待性爱，写出其具有的创造性力量和毁灭性特征；将性爱与暴力相联系并通过其来表现人性的黑暗；强调性爱的创造性作用，尤其在民族"血性"的传承方面。

It exerted profound influence on Chinese intellectuals who were concerned with the fate of China around 1911 and the May 4 Movement, The influence of Kropotkin' s thought and theory thrived and declined in China from the early years to late 30s of the 20th century.

他的思想学说，曾深刻影响辛亥前后和"五四"前后两代关切祖国命运的中国知识分子。从20世纪初年到30年代后期，克鲁泡特金思想学说的影响由生而盛，由盛而衰。

Square on May 4 from the coastal path along the cliff edge to the landing stage, about how far?

从五四广场沿海边栈道到栈桥，大约有多远？

Recently I have thought frequently that since the Movement of 4th May, the Chinese modern culture revealing flows is always a kind of cultural radicalism, the call of for life or for art has been following the development of Chinese culture and art. Although after new China established, the Left's radical manner has dissimilated by the government to be an ideology of political rights, it still affects or continues this revolutionary standpoint to the generations.

最近我常常想到自"五四"以来，中国现代文化的显流一直是一种文化激进主义，"为人生而艺术"的呐喊伴随着中国文化艺术的发展，虽然在新中国成立后，这种左翼的激进态度被官方异化为一种带有政治权利的意识形态，但仍然影响或隔代延续着这种革命性立场。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。