二金属的

In chapter three, the activating agents of ytterbium have been examined. Barbier-type reaction promoted by ytterbium metal was examined. The experimental results shown that the yield of Barbier reaction of imines with allylic bromide promoted by ytterbium is higher than that of aldehydes and ketones with allylic bromide under the same reaction conditions. In this chapter, the reductive cleavage of Se-Se and S-S bond induced by ytterbium metal was also studied.

首先研究了金属镱的活化剂以及活化方法，接着考察了金属镱促进的Barbier反应及其在合成高烯丙基胺和高烯丙基醇中的应用，以及影响该反应的主要因素；究了金属镱促进的二硫醚和二硒醚的S—S键和Se—Se键的还原断裂，继而与氯代烃，胺基甲酰氯反应生成相应的硫醚，硒醚，胺基甲酸硫代酯和硒代酯。

This paper is focused on the preparation, characterization of metal clusters and theircatalytic performance in the enantioselective as well as stereoselective hydrogenations. It iscomposed of the five parts as follows: Chapter 1 A review was given on the two most studied enantioselective systems—Ni/TA and Pt/cinchona system, including some recent progress.

本论文研究了铂、铱纳米金属簇在α-酮酯、α-二酮不对称氢化中的催化性能及金属离子在α-二酮立体选择性氢化中的修饰作用，主要分为以下几部分：第一章对多相不对称催化体系一Ni／TA和Pt／cinchona及其一些最新进展作了较系统的评述；同时简要介绍了纳米金属簇的特性及其在催化中的一些应用。

The method comprises the steps of dipping and mixing the mipor asphaltic base globular active carbon prepared by the traditional method with an inorganic metal salt solution by a certain ration; heating under an inert atmosphere to 600 to 1200 DEG C at a temperature increasing rate of 1 to 20 DEG C/min for the secondary carbonization; using acid to wash off the remaining metal inside the carbonized material, so as to obtain the asphaltic base globular active carbon with a high mesoporous rate and narrow distribution of mesoporous spertures.

本发明提供了一种浸渍金属盐二次炭化制备中孔沥青基球形活性炭的方法，该方法是将传统方法制备得到的微孔沥青基球形活性炭按一定比例与无机金属盐溶液浸渍混合，然后在惰性气氛下以1～20℃/min的升温速率加热到600～1200℃下进行二次炭化，炭化料经酸洗除去内部残留的金属后，可制得中孔率较高、中孔孔径分布窄的沥青基球形活性炭。

The results showed that the mole ratio of three ligands to CoCl_2, NiCl_2 were 1:1 and to CuCl_2, ZnCl_2, CdCl_2 were 2:1, The IR, UV-Vis and FS of complexes were investigated. Their IR peaks were classified as the corresponding groups or bonds; The relation of their structure with the conjugative effects, absorbtion wavelength and molar absorb coefficients were discussed with the UV-Vis and FS.

结果表明：噻唑类配体与金属CuCl_2，CdCl_2配位比分别2∶3和3∶2，至于配位机理还需进一步探讨；硒二唑配体与CoCl_2和NiCl_2配位比均是1∶1，而与CuCl_2、ZnCl_2和CdCl_2的配位均为比2∶1；对配合物的IR吸收峰进行了归类与指认，并对配合物的紫外和荧光光谱进行讨论分析，推测硒二唑类化合物与金属发生配位的部位是v中Se原子与金属配位。

Based on reviewing of functionalization of saturated carbon by catalytic oxidation with metalloporphyrins and metal phthalocyanines as a mimic of the enzyme cytochrome P-450, two reaction systems of which one was the preparation of 4, 4'-dinitrostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid from 4-nitrotoluene2-sulfonic acid and the other was the preparation of 4, 4'-bis (dimethylamino -diphenyl) phenylmethanol from 4, 4'-bis (dimethylamino-diphenyl) phenyl methane , were specifically studied as carfunctionalization and oxyfunctionalization of saturated carbon.

本文在全面综述金属卟啉和金属酞菁类模拟细胞色素P-450酶催化剂催化氧化饱和碳原子功能化的基础上，选择由4-硝基甲苯-2-磺酸制取4，4'-二硝基二苯乙烯-2，2'-二磺酸和由4，4'-二苯基甲烷制取4，4'-二苯基甲醇两个反应体系进行饱和碳原子碳功能化和氧功能化的具体研究。

They are:In the third chapter, the crystal structures of these new dca complexes are described anddiscussed in detail. Besides two mononuclear complexes, 1 and 2, complexes 3～15 arecoordination polymer with novel and interesting structural characteristics. 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 are 1Dpolymers, 4 and 5 are of 2D extending structure, while 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 form thefirstly reported series heteronuclear dca coordination polymer, in which (except 10) differentbuilding blocks, with different metal ions in them, construct interesting architecture, like α-and β-type 〓 chains, ladder chain 〓, scaffold structure of 12, and "sandwich"layer structure in 15 and 16, etc..

这些配合物是：第三章中，我们详细描述讨论了这些新型的二氰胺配合物的晶体结构，除两个单核配合物1和2之外，其余十五个为配位聚合物并具有新颖和有趣的结构特征。3，6，7，8，9是一维配位聚合物，4和5则呈现二维扩展结构，而10，11，12，13，14，15，16，17属于首次报道的一系列的二氰胺异金属配位聚合物，其中(除10外)含有不同金属离子的构造&砌块&可构建出有趣的结构，如α-和β-型〓链，梯形链〓，12中的脚手架结构，以及15和16中的&三明治&层状结构等。

The experimental results showed that when AcO-or other anion s were added to a solution consisting of 1,5-(di-benzaldehyde) dithiocarbohydrazone and Hg2+(at a ratio of 1∶2),a hypsochromic shift took place on the maximum ultraviolet absorption peak of the ligand.

设计合成了配体1，5-二双缩二氨基硫脲及其金属配合物，探讨了不同金属阳离子对1，5-二双缩二氨基硫脲紫外吸收光谱的影响，并将标题化合物应用于阴离子识别。

The macrocyclic polyamines are a kind of excellent ligands and have a substantially high binding affinity with transition metal ions. Macrocyclic polyamine metal complexes as enzyme models are widely used in chemical biology, medicine and gene therapy. 1, 4, 7, 10-tetrazacyclododecane is a representative macrocyclic polyamines compound and shows high binding affinity with transition metal ions, such as Zn, Cu and Co. Their metal complexes especially multinuclear complexes were widely used in DNA, RNA recognition.

大环多胺化合物是一类性质独特的优秀配体，具有良好的金属配位能力，其金属配合物作为人工酶模型广泛应用于核酸结构及功能研究、基因表达与调控、抗癌药物的研制等生物、化学和医学领域。1，4，7，10-四氮杂十二烷是典型的大环多胺化合物，对过渡金属离子Zn， Cu and Co有良好的配位能力，这些金属配合物特别是多核金属配合物被广泛应用于DNA识别中。

Reaction of 9-bromofluorenewith diethyl malonate and sodium carbonate gives diethyl 2-(9-Fluorenyl)malonate.Aminolysis of diethyl 2-(9-Fluorenyl)malonate in ethylenediamine and propylene diamine give〓 and 〓, respectively.〓 and 〓 were synthesized by the reaction of 9-bromofluorene with oxalyl bisethylenediamine. Copper and nickel complexes of 〓 and 〓 were obtained by the reaction of 〓 and 〓 with copper and nickel salt, respectively, in aqueoussolution and extrusion of two hydrogen ions from the amide groups.

使9-溴芴与丙二酸二乙酯在无水碳酸钠存在下反应合成出2-(9-芴基)丙二酸二乙酯。2-(9-芴基)丙二酸二乙酯在乙二胺中胺解得到配体〓，2-(9-芴基)丙二酸二乙酯在1，2-丙二胺中胺解得到配体〓，使9-溴芴与草酰二乙二胺作用得到配体〓和〓与相应的金属盐作用分别得到它们的铜、镍配合物。

Molecular dynamics calculations were performed to monomers and dimers of three kinds of metallothioneins in water solution.

对三类金属硫蛋白（大鼠金属硫蛋白亚型II，兔肝金属硫蛋白亚型I和兔肝金属硫蛋白亚型II）的单体和二聚体进行了水溶液条件下的分子动力学模拟。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。