二酸的

1,6-Dimethyl adipate with selectivity of 100% was synthesized by batch and continuous esterification process using adipic acid and methanol as raw materials,DNW-I strong-acid cation exchange resin as catalyst.

摘 要：以DNW-I型强酸型正离子交换树脂为催化剂，己二酸和甲醇为原料，经间歇酯化和连续酯化反应后通过精馏可制备选择性为100%的1，6-己二酸二甲酯。

Hydroxyl octanoic acid(1) was synthesized from heptaldehyde by a four-step reaction of nucleophilic substitution,displacement reaction,acid hydrolysis and deaminization.

以正庚醛为原料，经过亲核取代、置换反应、酸水解及碱化脱氨等4步反应合成了制备3，6-二己基-1，4-二氧杂-2，5-二酮的中间体——α-羟基辛酸(1)；1经对甲苯磺酸催化脱水得辛交酯。

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for maleic anhydride and its absorption solvents are important for developing and researching the MAN production process. Isothermal VLE data for MAN and di-n-butylsebacate binary system at 413.15, 433.15 and 453.15 K were determined with a modified ebulliometer in this work.

利用改进的沸点仪测定了顺酐－癸二酸二丁酯二元体系在413.15，433.15和453.15 K下的等温气液平衡数据以及纯癸二酸二丁酯和顺酐的饱和蒸气压数据。

Diethyl fumarate was synthesized with fumaric and alcohol as raw materials and sodium acid sulfate as catalyst.

富马酸二乙酯(又名反丁烯二酸二乙酯，Diethylfumarate，简称DEF)是一种用途广泛的有机合成中间体[1，2]。

We prepared the pyrethric acid II through four reactions: esterification, oxidation, decomposition, diesterification. And the original synthesis route of the pyrethric acidII was improved: the yield of oxidation of allyl rise through increasing the activity of Selenium dioxide; in the document, tert-butyl-trans -2, 2-dimethy1-3-(2"-methoxycarbony1-1"-propenyl)cyclopropanecarboxy late was synthesized from tert-butyl-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2 -formyl-r -propenyl) cyclopropanecarboxylate with two steps, with low yield.

我们经过酯化，氧化，成双酯，热分解四步反应，成功地得到了第二菊酸，并改进了原第二菊酸的合成路线：通过改变二氧化硒的活性提高了烯丙甲基的氧化产率；将原路线中醛氧化成羧酸、羧酸酯化的两步反应改为醛和甲醇、二氧化锰等作用一步直接酯化的方法，减少了反应步骤，提高了总收率。

The isomerization of resin acid was studied by HCl catalysis method, high temperature catalysis method and microwave-assisted method. Separation of abietic acid was analyzed with recrystallization method and many organic amine salt methods; Using abietic acid separated from resin acid as raw materials, 6 compounds of abietic-type resin acid derivetives were synthesized.

从产率、纯度和成本等方面分析对比了改进的二戊胺盐法、A胺盐法、B胺盐法和文献报道的二戊胺盐法分离提纯枞酸；以得到的枞酸为原料，进行氧化合成，得到6种枞酸的氧化衍生物，通过柱分离得到2种枞酸氧化衍生物纯品，并测试了其抑菌和对家蝇的拒食活性。

Three fullerene derivatives including a bisadduct of tetraethyl methano[60] fullerenediphosphona- te、a dimalonic acid[60]fullerene (DMA C60and fullerol were used to study the relationship between their photo-induced GSH depletion and structures.

采用二加成亚甲基富勒烯[60]二膦酸四乙酯、二加成富勒烯[60]丙二酸(DMA C60)和富勒醇 3种富勒烯衍生物研究富勒烯衍生物的结构与光诱导细胞内GSH耗竭的关系。

The main intermediates were detected during decomposition,such as acetic acid,oxalic acid,malonic acid,phenol,3-hydroxyhypnone,naphthalene,benzene sulfonic acid,phthalic acid,β-naphthalene etc . by ultraviolet-visiblespectroscopy,ion chromatographand gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrophotometertechniques.The possible degradation pathway of Acid Orange Ⅱ was also speculated,that was,hydroxyl radical reacted with the azo linkage-bearing carbon of naphthol-ring,and the C—N cleaved,the azo-dye decolored and mineralized.

运用紫外光谱、离子色谱、色谱-质谱联用等方法，测定出酸性橙Ⅱ的主要降解产物有乙酸、乙二酸、丙二酸、苯酚、3-羟基苯乙酮、萘、苯磺酸、邻苯二甲酸、β-萘酚等，并依此推测酸性橙Ⅱ的降解机理，即羟基自由基攻击酸性橙Ⅱ分子上与萘环相连的C—N键，导致C—N键的断裂，进而染料脱色矿化。

The degradation of 2, 4-dichiorophoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) by ozonation combined with sonication (03/US) was investigated. Based on the authors' first paper about the synergistic effect of ozone and US, this paper presents intermediate products of 2, 4-D degradation. The main intermediates were 2, 4-dichiorophenol, benzopuinone, hydroquinone and organic acids, such as maleic acid and oxalic acid and soon.

利用臭氧超声波联合工艺对苯氧羧酸类除草剂2，4-D进行降解研究，在前文探讨臭氧超声波之间协同效应的基础上，确定其中间产物种类主要有2，4-二氯苯酚、苯醌、氢醌以及小分子酸如顺丁烯二酸、草酸、甲酸、乙酸等。

The premixing self-assembly solution of horseradish peroxide with poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) is made by blending HRP and polyelectrolyte PSS,and the active.enzyme muhilayer biofilm is fabricated by altemate deposition of and PDDA on the surface of negative ionized PET.

以阳离子化的辣根过氧化物酶和阴离子聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的预混合溶液，与阳离子聚电解质聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵通过逐层组装，在阴离子化聚对苯二酸乙二酯表面构建了多层生物活性膜。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。