二次图像

In the first part, depending on three or more images, the main research work are listed as follows:(1) using SVD decomposition to realize projective reconstruction;(2) realizing camera self-calibration by solving Kruppa's equation;(3) recovering Euclidean reconstruction from projective reconstruction. Depending on only two images, the main researches are:(1) making out infinite plane homography matrix by using scene structure information, then recovering affine reconstruction from projective reconstruction;(2) making out the absolute conic images by using scene structure information, and then recovering Euclidean reconstruction from projective reconstruction.

在第一部分中，针对三幅及三幅以上的图像，主要研究：①利用矩阵奇异值分解实现射影重构，②通过求解Kruppa方程实现摄像机自标定，③由射影重构恢复欧氏重构；针对只有两幅图像的情况，主要研究：①利用场景结构信息求解无穷远平面的单应矩阵，由射影重构恢复仿射重构，②利用场景结构信息求解绝对二次曲线的像，由仿射重构恢复欧氏重构。

To fulfill a TV guidance system task of fast recognizing and tracking missile target from sequential images including multiple interferences,a fast segmentation and target characteristic extraction algorithm of sequential images based on binary image index map was proposed.After the sequential images were processed to binary images,a Field Programmable Gate Array was used to scan the binary image once and an index map was built,and then Digital Signal Processing was used to scan the index map once.

针对电视制导系统需从包含多个干扰目标的序列图像中快速识别和跟踪导弹目标的要求，提出了一种基于二值图像索引图的序列图像快速分割及目标特征提取算法，在序列图像二值化后，只需由FPGA对其遍历一次就可得到一张含有目标信息的索引图表，再由DSP对该索引图表边遍历边计算就可得到图像所含目标的数量、面积、质心坐标、二阶矩不变量等特征。

An image conic can be the projection of either a planar conic or silhouette of a conicoid. We show that at least three images, taken from the same position with different camera orientations, of two planar conics, or two conicoids, or one conic and one conicoid, are needed for the calibration, and a closed-form solution can be obtained. Our new conic based calibration technique requires no knowledge of camera's orientations, and relies solely on image correspondences.

在不同的方位拍摄三幅或三幅以上图像，每幅图像至少包含两个空间平面二次曲线、或两个二次曲面、或一个平面二次曲线与一个二次曲面的投影，利用图像之间的二次曲线对应关系，可以确定摄像机的内参数矩阵，同时可以获得摄像机不同方位之间的旋转矩阵。

The method comprises the following: a step of calibrating a camera, which is to utilize a Taylor series model to calibrate an omni-directional vision sensor so as to obtain internal parameters of the camera; a step of obtaining epipolar geometric relation, which comprises the steps of calculating an essential matrix between binocular omni-directional cameras and extracting the rotation and translation component of the cameras; a step of correcting an outer polar line, which is to correct the outer polar line of a shot omni-directional stereo image so as to allow a corrected polar quadratic curve to coincide with an image scan line; and a step of three-dimensional reconstruction, which is to carry out feature point matching to the corrected stereo image and calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of points according to matching results.

该方法的步骤包括：相机标定：利用泰勒级数模型对全向视觉传感器进行标定，得到相机内参；对极几何关系求取：包括计算双目全向相机之间的本质矩阵，并从中提取相机的旋转和平移分量；外极线校正：对所拍摄的全向立体图像对进行外极线校正，使校正后的极二次曲线与图像扫描线重合；三维重建：对校正后的立体图像对进行特征点匹配，根据匹配结果计算点的三维坐标。

For fingerprint segmentation, aiming at the deficiency of existing method, we first bring forward a new thought of fingerprint segmentation based quadric surface model and carry it out.

在指纹图像分割方面，针对现有指纹图像分割方法存在的不足之处，首次提出采用二次曲面对指纹图像进行分割的思想，并使用该思想实现了基于二次曲面模型的分割方法。

First, a non-negative tensor factorization algorithm is improved by imposing sparseness constraints on it. Secondly, the bispectral images of mechanical signals are obtained and stacked to form a third-order tensor. Thirdly, the improved algorithm is used to extract features, which are represented by a series of basis images from this tensor. Finally, coefficients indicating these basis images' weights in constituting original bispectral images are calculated for fault classification.

首先，改进已有的非负张量分解算法，加入稀疏度控制策略；其次，将机械振动信号的双谱图像堆叠为一个三阶张量；然后利用改进后的分解算法对该张量进行二次故障特征提取，得到代表局部特征的"基图像"；最后，通过计算得出基图像在构成原双谱图像中所占的权重，并将得到的权重向量用于故障分类。

In this paper, we define quadratic spline as wavelet, do the two dimentional dyadic wavelet transform on near-infrared galactophore image, and get local modulus maxima from wavelet transforms results----rnodulus and angles, so we can find the blood vessel edge image in each scales, at last, we compute a good edge image which synthesize the characters in each scale.

本文中用二次样条小波作为小波基函数，对乳腺近红外图像进行二维二进小波变换，计算小波变换结果的局部模极大值点，得到各个尺度下的乳腺近红外图像血管的边缘，最后得到综合了各个尺度特征的较好的血管图像的边缘。

Re-vectorization is performed on the basis of original vectorization by obtaining the initial parameters such as line types and slope. Inuring tricing it can adjustthe parameter adaptively. To decrease the influence of noise pixels, we designed a stop probe to detect tracing-stop conditions. Process of re-vectorization is performed recursively until quality of graph entity is satisfactory.Finally, some key technologies for 2D graphs reconstruction are studied. The issues concerned include the recognition and presentation of topologic relations among graphs entities and a directed and weighted graph model established to describe the relations and techniques on dimension driven.

在获得对图素识别质量的评价之后，质量较差的图素被输入到错误自动校正器进行错误校正处理，本文提出&二次矢量化&的错误校正思想，二次矢量化是在初步矢量化所获得知识的基础之上，取得初始参数，并在跟踪过程中动态校正参数，在跟踪结束时引入跟踪终止检测探针以消除光栅图像中黑白噪音的影响，使得算法具有较强的抗噪音干扰能力，校正后的图素仍需进行质量评价，未能通过评价的图素需递归执行二次矢量化算法。

Information Print genie is based on the software works VbPrint another dynamic link library components (VbP rint.dll) in the secondary development of software products, VbPrint developed by the author is a dll ActiveX components, components provide a simple method handling and processing of all types of statements, the statements can be defined linear, rectangular, Yuan, text, images and other objects, and can be connected to the development of programming control these objects in nature, support forms printing, multi-page printing, chromatography printing information such as invoices.

资料打印精灵是基于我的另一个软件作品VbPrint动态链接库组件(VbPrint.dll)的二次开发软件产品，VbPrint是作者开发的一个ActiveX dll组件，组件中提供了一种简单的方法处理和加工各种类型的报表，在报表中可以定义直线、矩形、圆、文本、图像等对象，并可以在二次开发编程中控制这些对象的属性，支持表格打印、多页打印、资料发票套打等。

The first step is to eliminate all kinds of noises generated in the process of collecting traffic video by means of median filter; Then we finish image sharpening with Laplace operator to clarify edges of the video images; finally, image contrast is enhanced with the help of the second-developing packet SDK-2000, which is provided by our video-collecting card. This way, much more satisfactory images are obtained, and preparation is already made for the following work, thats image analyse.Thirdly, according to the characteristics of our system, mobile objects are distinguished by means of image difference. Then some features such as regional area, length and width of traffic objects are selected and extracted. After processing of scale filter, we successfully recognize those moving vehicles appearing in the monitoring regions.Fourthly, some corresponding algorithms are brought forward to automatically identify those familiar traffic peccancies of many sorts, such as red light violation, yellow-line covering, parking in prohibited spots, over-speed running and converse running. Then we find means to snap pictures and to intercept videos of the spot, and collect a lot of relevant information such as the time, the block, the running direction and the weather conditions and so on. According to this information, our traffic management departments could make correct decisions on punishing those drivers who have broken the traffic rules.Considering the complexity of traffic environments on particular blocks, in order to monitor other traffic peccancies effectively, we also have designed the scheme to carry out traffic monitoring by manual.

首先运用中值滤波法对视频图像进行去噪处理，然后采用二阶差分法进行图像锐化，再通过视频捕获卡携带的二次软件开发包SDK-2000进行对比度增强，从而得到比较理想的图像，为后续的图像分析工作做准备；第三，根据系统特点，通过背景图像差分法，分割出监测区中的运动目标，然后对交通目标的区域面积、长度和宽度等进行特征提取，再经过尺度滤波处理，从而自动识别出机动车辆目标：第四，分别设计相应的算法，实现对闯红灯、压黄线、违章停车、违章超速及违章逆行等常见的交通车辆违章行为的自动识别，并自动抓拍违章现场，截取违章视频，采集其它相关违章信息，为交通执法部门进行交通违章处罚提供有力依据：考虑到特殊路段特殊环境下的交通复杂性，为了有效监控其它类型的交通违章行为，本文还设计并实现了对交通违章的手动监控模式。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐